financial reporting of public companies. Among other changes, SOX's sweeping reforms required that a company strengthen auditor independence; have its chief executives sign off on the financial statements; obtain an opinion about its internal control systems; and have an internal audit function that is examined by external auditors” (Grumet, 2007). Part A Audit Committees The Sarbanes-Oxley Act affects audit committees of public company boards of directors. The committee of the board of directors
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dollars through fraud. Following the scandal, the downturn in investor confidence was enormous. Looking back, there appeared to be a culture of fraud and deceit inside corporate America that had been hurting the average investor. After uncovering these scandals Congress wanted to take immediate action. It passed the Sarbanes – Oxley Act (SOX) shortly after in an attempt restore faith in the country’s capital markets. Between 2000 and 2002 there appeared to be a new, large fraud every few months
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the corporate responsibilities of Chief Executive Officer(CEO) and Chief Financial Officer(CFO), the proper disclosure of financial statements, the conflict of interest between the parties involved, criminal fraud accountability of those involved, and the imposition of the penalty in case of violations. The Public Accounting oversight Board (PAOB) was then created to enforce all the issues identified under the above act (Jennings, 2012). This legislation was imposed on employees of public companies
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Enron Case Study Kati Finger 1. The Enron debacle created what one public official reported was a “crisis of confidence” on the part of the public in the accounting profession. List the parties who you believe are most responsible for that crisis. Briefly justify each of your choices. I believe that the main parties who were responsible for the Enron Scandal were the CEO’s, as this was an ongoing affair, which had started with prior CEO’s, including Kenneth and Jeffrey Skilling. Another key
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PA2 EXAMINATION BLUEPRINT 2011/2012 Effective Date: December 2011 This document is the property of: CGA-Canada 100-4200 North Fraser Way Burnaby, British Columbia Canada V5J 5K7 Phone: 604 669-3555 Fax: 604 689-5845 www.cga.org/canada Updated: April 18, 2011 CGA-Canada PA2 Examination Blueprint 2011/2012 Table of Contents About the Examination Blueprint ......................................................................................................................... 2 PA2 Examination
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1. Explain the meaning of “creative accounting” and “earnings management”. Earnings management defines as the choice by a manager of accounting policies or real actions that affecting earnings, in order to achieve some specific reported earnings objective. Earnings management includes both accounting policy choice and real actions. There are two categories of accounting policies which are the choice of accounting policies per se and the discretionary accruals. One is the choice of accounting
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affect his bonuses (which until now were really high). So he decided to hide this error, and lots of others made by him or his team, which they reached the loss of almost 1 billion dollars. Why did Mr. Leeson behave that way? While reading the case, you can understand that one of Mr. Leeson’s ambitions was to become a floor trader. When he was sent to Singapore, his position was to control both settlement and floor operations and this was not a common practice for Bearings. This way he could
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www.ccsenet.org/ijbm International Journal of Business and Management Vol. 5, No. 10; October 2010 The Case Analysis of the Scandal of Enron Yuhao Li Huntsman School of Business, Utah State University, Logan city, U.S.A E-mail: wyl_2001_ren@126.com, carolee1989@gmail.com Abstract The Enron scandal, revealed in October 2001, eventually led to the bankruptcy of the Enron Corporation, an American energy company based in Houston, Texas, and the dissolution of Arthur Andersen, which was one
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www.ccsenet.org/ijbm International Journal of Business and Management Vol. 5, No. 10; October 2010 The Case Analysis of the Scandal of Enron Yuhao Li Huntsman School of Business, Utah State University, Logan city, U.S.A E-mail: wyl_2001_ren@126.com, carolee1989@gmail.com Abstract The Enron scandal, revealed in October 2001, eventually led to the bankruptcy of the Enron Corporation, an American energy company based in Houston, Texas, and the dissolution of Arthur Andersen, which was one
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Abstract Over the past years, and as a result of high profile firm failures, the economic crisis, and increased regulatory pressure, many organizations have placed a large emphasis on financial risk assessments. The risk assessment process is needed to identify risks that need to be treated within an organization, as well as to provide strategies and methods that are most appropriate to treat these risks. Because many organizations are poorly aligned between their risk exposure and their risk
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