company that supplies transistors to a pace maker company. This will be done by first describing Utilitarian ethics. Followed by identifying the key utilitarian ethical problems confronting the transistor company. Then covering the advice that Jeremy Bentham might have given in this situation. After this the Utility Test will be applied to the situation, followed by the Common Good Test. Upon completion of both test the results will be compared to decide which of the two test is the most informative
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it's basis of right and wrong has to do with nothing else that an individual's duty. The virtue theory is based on the two types of virtue which are intellectual and moral(Fahey, 2010). Utilitarianism was founded in the Victorian era by Jeremy Bentham. Bentham came up with this idea because he wanted to have a way for people to have the ability to be as happy as possible, and in doing a morally correct action it would make that person feel good which would give a sense of happiness. Deontological
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statement that, “ultimately, all human beings share core universal values, and apparent differences are merely variances of practices or interpretation,” however not to the extent that the ideas of philosophers John Stuart Mill, Aristotle and Jeremy Bentham are. Instead, it will refute and pose counter-arguments to certain aspects of their ideas, specifically, the need to define and place values on happiness, while building upon others. It will argue humans do not need to agree on what the ‘good
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contributions made to it by Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Rawls. Then, the work of Niccolo Machiavelli and the notion of Reason of State will be examined, followed, in turn, by Utilitarianism, commenting on the contributions of Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. This will be done before going onto balance the essay by introducing a counterargument offered by Idealism. Finally, to contextualise the thesis, there will be a contemporary example given of a world leader having to lie
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This includes sentient non-human animals, who suffer in animal testing, and whose suffering should be taken into account when calculating the total sum of happiness. Even so, Bentham made it clear that he accepted the killing of animals for food or in self-defense, provided that there was no uneccessary suffering on the animal’s part. He also did not object to medical testing in animals, provided that the experiment had a benefit
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(i) Examine the key features of utilitarianism (21) (ii) To what extent are the concepts undermined by relevant criticisms (9) Utilitarianism was founded by the scholar Jeremy Bentham in the time in which both enlightenment (the point at which people were starting to turn to science over religion) and the industrial revolution ( when an influx of people flocked to the cities to find work- this caused extreme poverty, poor living conditions and an outbreak of disease and death. Bentham’s
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Utilitarianism is a moral theory generally considered to have been founded by Jeremy Bentham, a 19th century English philosopher and social reformer. It is centered on the concept of happiness, and those who seek it. The idea is that all people seek happiness, and that it is the ultimate goal of all human beings to be happy. Therefore, according to classical utilitarianism, when a person wishes to act in an ethically sound manner he or she should strive to bring about the greatest possible amount
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Virtue ethics 2. Divine command ethics 3. Deontology 4. Utilitarianism 1. Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill both endorsed 1. Virtue ethics 2. Divine command ethics 3. Deontology 4. Utilitarianism 1. By “good” utilitarians mean 1. Happiness or pleasure 2. Morality or virtue 3. Wealth or prosperity 4. Desire satisfaction 1. The “hedonic calculus” was developed by 1. Epicurus 2. Mill 3. Bentham 4. Kant 1. A. C. Ewing criticized 1. Deontological principles 2. Act utilitarian
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Shaw and Barry distinguish two different forms of utilitarianism. What are these two forms? Briefly describe each. The first form of utilitarianism was a view by Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. They viewed utilitarianism as that a person’s actions are right if they create the most pleasure, and wrong if they do not. Both men believed that pleasure and happiness were equal and considered it the ultimate value. They thought of utilitarianism as self-interest. An understanding of this is that
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Terms: Pluralism- existence of different groups within society: the existence of groups with different ethnic, religious, or political backgrounds within one society SOCIOLOGY social policy and theory: the policy or theory that minority groups within a society should maintain cultural differences, but share overall political and economic power Tyranny- A government in which a single ruler is vested with absolute power. arbitrary or unrestrained exercise of power; despotic abuse of authority
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