In te r n a ti o n a l J o u r n a l o f M a n a g e me n t C a s es BOOTSTRAP FINANCING: FOUR CASE STUDIES OF TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES EVA M.TOMORY UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, CANADA Abstract Innovative businesses, especially in the early stages of their life cycles, often encounter difficulty in obtaining long-term external financing. Their founders tend to seek financing through nontraditional bootstrapping methods to launch their ventures. Bootstrap financing refers to a range of creative ways to
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This paper is intended to provide a critical literature review on supply chain performance measurement. The study aims at revealing the basic research methodologies/approaches followed, problem areas and requirements for the performance management of the new supply chain era. The review study covers articles coming from major journals related with the topic, including a taxonomy study and detailed investigation as to the methodologies, approaches and findings of these works. The methodology
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Yabyabin, Jed Cedric A. Reflection Paper: What Is Strategy? K36 What makes strategy different from operational effectiveness (OE)? Is OE necessary to effective strategy formulation and implementation? Why? Porter (1996) describes strategy as the creation of unique and valuable positioning that requires a set of different activities to make competitive trade-offs and strategic fit that creates competitive advantage and superior profitability. Operational effectiveness, on the other
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the most up to date technology and processes which possess the knowledge to exploit their potential will be at an advantage. The extent to which an organization can achieve an acceptable return on its capital employed will determine the extent to which it can attract outside capital or financial resources. This will be linked to expec- tations about its future growth. Its financial resources will include its cash balances, debtors and creditors, and gearing (debt-to-equity ratio). «e and specialist
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Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. A Young Company’s CSR Motives 3. The Potential for Backfire 4. CSR Development: The Three Phases 5. A Mature Company’s CSR Motives 6. Vice Industries CRS Initiatives 7. Other Schools of Thought 8. Conclusion 1. Introduction Scholars explain the surprising fact that companies in the United States alone spend $9 billion annually on philanthropic causes by investigating the motives behind such apparent generosity (e.g
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Module Guide 2015-16 Module Title – Strategic leadership in a changing world Module Code – 6BUS1059 Academic Year – 2015/16 Semester - AB Module Leader – Keith Seed Contents: 1 Contact details for the module leaders (and teaching team) NameK.SeedS CullifordV. AminP.Mason | RoomM248 | Phone 01707-28400 ext 5589 | EmailK.Seed@herts.ac.uks.culliford@herts.ac.ukV.1.Amin@herts.ac.ukP.Mason3@herts.ac.uk | Office & Feedback hours. The module leader has two office hours per week
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R E S E A R C H includes research articles that focus on the analysis and resolution of managerial and academic issues based on analytical and empirical or case research International Marketing Strategies in India: An Application of Mixed Method Investigation Prathap Oburai and Michael J Baker Executive Summary KEY WORDS International Marketing Strategy Grounded Theoretic KEY WORDS Approach Privatization Case Research Methodology Indian Banking Internationalization drives and export
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OUTLINE (SYLLABUS) 1. Course Name and Code: MKT 248/1 – Introduction to Marketing 2. Day, Time, Semester: Thursday, 18:30, Fall 2010 3. Instructor: Gorjan Lazarov, EMBA, Katz Business School, University of Pittsburgh 4. Contact: E-mail: gorjan.lazarov@aauni.edu 5. Office hours: Thursday, 17:30 – 18:30 6. Prerequisites: MTH 111 7. Credits: 3 8. Workload For An Average Student (weekly): |Lecture
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De, 2012). According to Ng (2011), casino gambling since the inception of two resort centers has taken shape in Singapore. Gambling is a legal activity that has economic value and pumps money through taxes into the economy (Tse, Hong and Ng, 2013; Case, 2011). Casinos also offer employment to many people making it even more beneficial in an economy. The government is blinded by everything for the simple reason that more addiction among gamblers drives more profits in terms of taxes for the government
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The Strategy Concept I: Five Ps for Strategy* Human nature insists on a definition for every concept. The field of strategic management cannot afford to rely on a single definition of strategy, indeed the word has long been used implicitly in different ways even if it has traditionally been defined formally in only one. Explicit recognition of multiple definitions can help practitioners and researchers alike to maneuver through this difficult field. Accordingly, this article presents five definitions
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