...A Tale of Two Cultures: The Jivaro and Saami For centuries, different groups of humans have struggled to maintain their cultural identity because of strong, powerful, and overbearing outside influences (Haviland, 2008). In this essay, we will examine the plights of two indigenous populations of people in separate parts of the world. First, we will take a close look at the Shuar Indians of Central America. They chose to fight back against aggressive colonialists, and in so doing maintained key components of their culture. In addition, they adapted to modernization by using new technologies to keep their ethnic identity. In contrast, we will study the Saami herders of Scandinavia. They were overzealous in embracing principles of globalization without thinking through the scenarios that could occur by this decision. The consequences were devastating as a unique people in the arctic lost skills and traditions that were of ancient date (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, Mcbride, 2008). The Shuar people of the rainforests of Ecuador were a group of independent, and conflicting small communities in the Amazon basin. Before the impact of globalization invaded their home lands, they survived by planting crops and by gathering food from other sources in their areas. As more mainstream countrymen began encroaching on their ancestral homelands, they knew they must respond in a proactive way or face eradication as other indigenous peoples had in the Amazon basin (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, Mcbride...
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...Spring 15 Spring 15 University of North Carolina Wilmington University of North Carolina Wilmington The Legend of the Goruku Chushingura: The Retellings Lorenzell Terry * This research paper will compare and contrast the two films based on the tale of the 47 Ronin. It will examine all aspects of the film based on the Japanese Culture such as everything from clothing to the ceremonies. It will show how foreigners see Japanese culture as being something dramatically else. The Legend of the Goruku Chushingura: The Retellings Lorenzell Terry * This research paper will compare and contrast the two films based on the tale of the 47 Ronin. It will examine all aspects of the film based on the Japanese Culture such as everything from clothing to the ceremonies. It will show how foreigners see Japanese culture as being something dramatically else. 08 Fall 08 Fall Lorenzell Terry William Hedberg JPN 211 17 April 2014 The Legend of the Goruku Chushingura: The Retellings Throughout Japanese history and most of the world, Samurai were seen as being the mightiest and loyalist warriors to have existed. Many years ago, started a story based on true events called the Goruku Chushingura or 47 Ronin. The story takes place in 1701 during the Edo period when most of the power was to the Shogun. Director by Japanese native; Kenji Mizoguchi made the first version of Goruku Chushingura in 1941. He has created credibility for himself by producing an arsenal of films before...
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...Disney and the American Princess: The Americanization of European Fairy Tales [pic] Marina Alexandrova Student number 3021874 MA Thesis, American Studies Program Utrecht University Course code 200401064 23943 words 12 August 2009 Contents Title page………………………………………………………………1 Contents……………………………………………………………….2 Introduction……………………………………………………………3 Chapter 1: European Fairy Tales and Values about Gender and Class………………………………………10 Chapter 2: Disney Animation and American Culture…………………24 Chapter 3: Disney Animation and (Gender) Commodification…………………………………………..55 Conclusion…………………………………………………………...73 Bibliography…………………………………………………………78 Introduction Among the various aspects which define contemporary life, popular culture – and in particular, American popular culture – is undoubtedly one of the most ubiquitous and long-lasting. Throughout the twentieth century, people around the world have enjoyed film, music, animation, and written works by various authors and artists. One of the most famous and significant American entertainers of the lot has been Walt Disney, introducing millions of children and adults to his world of limitless (or so is widely believed) imagination and magic, from the earliest short cartoons produced in the 1920s, to full-length feature animations such as Snow White and the Seven...
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...folktales, there are those folktales that are shared by several different communities. However, even though different communities may share the same stories, inevitably, those stories will be changed based on the specific community’s culture, language , history and geographical location. The effects of location and history on the folktales within the community can be seen very clearly in the texts An Evening in Guanima by Patricia Glinton Meicholas, and Mules and Men by Zora Neal Hurston, respectively. ***You need a very strong thesis here*** In “Talkin Ol' Story: A Brief Survey of the Oral tradition in the Bahamas”, Patricia Glinton Meicholas describes the Bahamian ol' story as existing “in a dream time landscape where human beings exhibit a fluid morphology…”(Meicholas 10). Much of Bahamian oral tradition , like that of the African Americans, has been influenced by what has come before, during and after the trans Atlantic slave trade. The enslaved African brought with them a culture rich in oral traditionthat included songs, riddles, proverbs and stories. Many of these songs, games and stories have been passed down from generation to generation and form the bases of many of the folktales we have today in both Bahamian and African American cultures. African influences can be found in the Bahamian...
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...reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. CHAPTER ONE Once There was a Time An Introduction to the History and Ideology of Folk'and Fairy Tales To begin with a true story told in fairy-tale manner: Once upon a time the famous physicist Albert Einstein was confronted by an overly concemed woman who sought advice on how to raise her small son to become a successful scientist. In particular she wanted to know what kinds ofbooks she sll ould read to her son. "Fairy tales," Einstein responded without. hesitation. "Fine, but what else should I read to him after that?" the mother asked. "More fairy tales, "Einstein stated. "And after that?" "Even more fairy tales. " replied the great scientist, and he waved his pipe like a wizard pronouncing a happy end to a long adventure. It now seems that the entire world has been following Einstein's advice. By 1979 a German literary critic could declare that fairy tales are "fantastically in."\ In fact, everywhere one turns today fairy tales and fairy-tale motifs pop up like magic. Bookshops are flooded with . fairy tales by J.R.R. Tolkien, Hermann Hesse, the Grimm Brothers, Charles Perrault, Hans Christian Andersen, a myriad of folk-tale adaptations, feminist and fractured fairy tales, and scores of sumptuously illustrated fantasy...
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...Despite coming from two different parts of the world, Gilgamesh and Sunjata have many similarities within being an epic character. First, the two stories share the fundamental aspects, intrinsic upon epics. Both tales are told in a poetic format. In addition, the two tales both involve a hero who embarks on some sort of journey. For example, after witnessing the death of his good friend Enkidu, Gilgamesh has trouble coming to terms with his own mortality. In turn, he leaves Uruk hoping to find the secret to eternal life. This is comparable to Sunjata's obstacles in his quest to become king. Sunjata had to come to terms with being a lame child unable to walk properly. Furthermore, Sunjata was forced to travel to foreign kingdoms in exile while he waited for the appropriate time to regain control over his kingdom as prophesied. Both characters face their journey immediately after a tragic death; Gilgamesh witnesses his best friend Enkidu die of illness and Sunjata discovers his mother passed away prior to fighting the Sosso. Moreover, Gilgamesh and Enkido's battle with Humbaba is paralleled with Sunjata's large fight against the Sosso leader Sumaworo. Both these illustrate the similarities in the hero confronting and defeating a great enemy while navigating through treacherous obstacles along the way. Also, by the end of the tales Gilgamesh and Sunjata proved both to themselves and their to their constituents that they were worthy of leading their people. Although Gilgamesh and...
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...folklorists, anthropologists, and psychologists. • Folktales are also of special interest to scholars of narrative theory because of the way the tales are honed by many generations of telling; only the most important elements of the story survive. The Value of Folk Literature for Children • When Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm published the first volume of their Household Stories in 1812, they did not intend it for children. • Originally folklore was the literature of the people; stories were told to young and old alike. • Traditional literature is a rightful part of a child’s literature heritage and lays the groundwork for understanding all literature. Folktales • Folktales have been defined as “all forms of narrative, written or oral, which have come to be handed down through the years.” • Questions often arise about which of the available print versions of a tale is the “correct” or authentic text. Types of Folktales • There will be features of these stories that are unique to each culture, but children will also find particular aspects of plot or characterization that occur across cultures. • Probably the favorite folktales of young children are beast tales in which animal’s act and talk like human beings. • Surprisingly, there are a few realistic tales included in folklore. The story in Marcia Brown’s Dick Whittington and His Cat could have happened; in...
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...Jowdat Kassis Prof. Rhoda Stamell, Eng 1010 November 16, 2009 Women’s Position in Stories A folk tale is a short story that comes from the oral tradition. Folk tales often have to do with everyday life and frequently tell an inspiring tale of the lower class (peasants) triumphing over the higher class (nobles). In their original versions, most folk tales are not children's stories because of the violent nature of the story. Most folk tales come from true stories with tragic endings or violent and horrific events. For example, the “humpty dumpty” story was about a man who tried to commit suicide several times and succeed at the end. Also the “little red riding hood” story masked the ending of little red riding hood falling victim to a rapist. Unlike a folk tale which has cultural background, a fairy tale involves magic and fantasy. Examples of fairy tales are, “Goldilocks and the Three Bears”, “Beauty and the beast”, and Disney’s “Cinderella”. Usually fairy tales include fairies, goblins, elves, trolls, giants, gnomes, and talking animals. Since folktales usually mirror the values and culture of the society from which they originated, a fairy tale can be a folk tale. In essence a fairy tale can also be a subgenre or genre of a folktale. Up until 1450 folktales were passed on orally, so not all folktales were the same. Because Folktales have been told by so many different people there were many different versions. In 1450 the printing press was invented and the folk stories...
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...Tales’ summaries The Wife of Bath’s Tale starts with a Prologue in which she gives an account of her colorful life with five husbands. The tale continues the main question of women’s desire for sovereignty over men. A young Knight rapes a maiden while she was returning home. As a punishment for his heinous act he has to discover within a year what women most desire. The Knight was searching in the whole country in search of the answer. At the end he promises to grant a wish to an ugly old hag in return for the right answer. When he has given the answer in court and secured his liberty, the old hug jumps up and demands that he marries her. The Knight begs her to reconsider and wish for something else but the old hag stubbornly refuses. The Knight marries her secretly. At night as they lay in bed, the Knight keeps on turning restlessly. The old hag asks him if he would prefer her ugly and faithful or beautiful and faithless. The Knight allows her to decide. The old woman is delighted to have won ‘sovereignty’ over her husband and rewards him by becoming faithful and beautiful all the time. The Knight’s Tale describes how two kinsmen Arcite and Palamon fall in love with the same woman named Emily, whom they first see out of their prison window. Emily is the niece of King Theseus. Arcite gains his freedom but is banished from Athens. He comes back masked since he cannot bear to live away from Emily. In the meanwhile Palamon breaks out of prison and coincidentally meets Arcite...
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...definition in your own words. * * A myth is a culturally important story forming a primary, foundational account of a culture and the individual's role within that culture. A myth commonly explains origins of phenomena; justifies and validates the practices or beliefs of a culture; and reveals the political, moral, or religious values of a culture. Every culture has mythic literature, but the best known are ancient and anonymous tales of gods and other supernatural beings (Magoulick, n.d.). In my opinion a myth is something made up, as in folktale. For example, the Lockness monster is a myth it has never been proven that the creature exist. Folk tales and myths are very much different because folk tales are stories told for entertainment and myths express beliefs held by a culture to be truth. The meaning of “It’s a myth” pertains to when someone is telling a story or symbolizing to relate to truth of the unknown of existence of the world or a higher power. * Why do myths from different cultures around the world address such similar or universal themes? Think about how myths explain the unknown and the tribulations of mankind. * * Myths, folk tales, fables, and so are presented in movies (media) and that is how each culture relate with one another on beliefs and the occurrence of history, which does not concern culture. Myths connect cultures together from ancestors because when myths were told each individual passed the same myth down to his or her children in...
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...400 A.D. whilst Britain was under occupation by hosts of Germanic tribes. Detailed throughout the literature that still exists in our modern world, it is possible to trace links between the English language and its development throughout different cultures and historical time periods. The study of the development of the English language has been used to represent the specific ideals and notions that pertain to particular cultures throughout history. Anglo-Saxon poetry express its cultural identity and values that underpin Anglo Saxon society, through ancient texts such as Beowulf exploring notions of heroism and servitude. Middle English literature such as The Millers Tale, unmasks the inner feudal system that deciphers the hierarchal structure within Middle England. The Holkam bible through both visual representation and literature highlights the Biblical understanding at the time and cultural barriers that were associated. The Miller’s Tale by Geoffrey Chaucer is an example of Middle English poetry that represents the societal structure of the time through language. The Miller’s Tale expresses the hierarchal structure in Middle England through denoting each individual characters social standing within society. The Miller’s Tale entails the story of a carpenter who falls in love with a juvenile/adolescent girl (“Of eighteteene yeer she was of age”); a love triangle develops between three men and a woman, further digressing into a story of humor and irony aimed to satisfy the...
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...in the beloved fairy tales we enjoyed reading as children. In source B the author, Andrea Dworkin discusses “Onceuponatime” fairytales which many regard as a model for living and which carry a unique structural pattern. They begin with the famous “Once Upon a time” line and end with the ever so popular “happily ever after.” Many, if not all of these story types are about adventures that involve princes and princesses. There is also the themes of beauty, magic and love. Over the years, fairy tales such as Snow White and Cinderella...
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...A Tale of Two Steves 1 A Tale of Two Steves Joanne Greene-Blose Boston University AD643 Project Communications Professor Steve Leybourne A Tale of Two Steves 2 Joanne Greene-Blose Abstract Good leadership is key, particularly in today‟s competitive global economy, and can make the difference between the success or the failure of the organization (Bennett, 2009). This paper looks at the CEO of the top tech company in the world, Apple Inc., and analyzes his leadership style. Steve Jobs, as Jack Welch called (Elkind, 2008), “the most successful CEO today” exhibits characteristics of both transactional and transformational leadership styles. He can be perhaps best labeled as a composite of both. He possesses micromanagement tendencies, is quick to judge, frequently yells and berates his employees, and reduces them to tears. Yet he also inspires a transcending vision who can connect emotionally with both his customer base and employees (Fannin, 2005; “Transformational Leadership”, 2002). Jobs is unquestionably an enigmatic, polarizing figure – yet his formula for success cannot be denied. A Tale of Two Steves 3 Joanne Greene-Blose A Tale of Two Steves The importance of good leadership in today‟s environment cannot be overstated. Bennett (2009) identifies leadership as determining the ultimate success or failure of the organization and Ismail, Mohamed, Sulaiman, Mohamad, and Yusuf (2011) view it as the primary force in determining competitiveness in a global...
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...primary characteristics stand out as which is displayed through the analysis of the trickster archetype, “A compendium of opposites: Ex. Malicious destroyer vs. Childlike prankster. Ex. Omniscient creator vs. Innocent fool.” This sort of difference is far more imminent in their cleverness as they sometimes fall into the traps they set up themselves, as illustrated, “At once culture hero and fool, clever predator and stupid prey.” These lines give us a vision of them having opposite traits and cognitive dissonance to show that they too have flaws. Lastly, the characteristic that makes them stay in the fringes of the tale and puts them in the background of a story is their ability to be a third party catalyst. The trickster is not always taking the center stage and in these times they will only stand as a catalyst to move the story forward. The reason why they do not participate actively in the tale is mainly because they are motivated by something other than what the story maybe centering about, but they are essentially to the plot as they may end up changing the course of the plot or fuelling the fire between two characters that may be on the verge of butting heads. As per described, “The trickster is a third party in between a predator-prey relationship.” This all too well brings us to the next point where the “childlike prankster” of the trickster is visible, and it is when they choose to interfere with the plot for their own entertainment as stated, “He plays and changes the rules...
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...of ancient Japanese legend have transcended the traditional image of war-tales and myths. For Japanese culture, the men who are regarded as one of the three types of heroes in Paul Varley’s book, Warriors of Japan: As Portrayed in the War Tales, have proven to be much more than the subject of a bedtime story, but rather a national treasure in which Japanese culture and wisdom is portray through. It is the victories, and failures of these heroes that teach the world of Japanese traditions and honor. However, these men were not created for the education of the world, but rather for the centuries of Japanese people whom these figures represent. Warrior tales of Minamoto no Tametomo, Minamoto no Yoshitomo, Minamoto no Yoshinaka, and Minamoto no Yoshitsune have a greater purpose than to provide entertainment to the people of Japan, these men provide a Japanese education on personality, values, morals, and Japanese customs. The three types of heroes that Varley examines in his book differ from each other slightly, but contribute greatly to the history of Japan in an exciting narrative of the honor and customs of the ancient Japanese warrior. The greatest loser-hero in Hōgen Monogatari is Minamoto no Tametomo (Varley, 56). A real life Japanese warrior, Minatomo was contributed with a number of attributes that are believed to have been not true in the effort to immortalize him as a warrior. Said to have stood two feet taller than the normal Japanese man, and endowed with a left arm six...
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