...CHAPTER 2 Software Development: Theory vs. Practice Ideally, software is developed as described in Chapter 1 * Linear * Starting from scratch Requirements -> Analysis -> Design -> Implementation -> Development In the real world, software development is totally different * We make mistakes * The client’s requirements change while the software product is being developed * Moving target problem Iteration and Incrementation In real life, we cannot speak about “the design ” * Instead, the operations of the design phase are spread out over the life cycle * We keep returning to earlier workflows The basic software development process is iterative * Each successive version is closer to its target than its predecessor Miller’s Law At any one time, we can concentrate on only approximately seven chunks (units of information) To handle larger amounts of information, use stepwise refinement * Concentrate on the seven aspects that are currently the most important * Postpone aspects that are currently less critical * Every aspect is eventually handled, but in order of current importance This is an incremental process Incrementation The number of increments will vary — it does not have to be four Sequential phases do not exist in the real world Instead, the five core workflows (activities) are performed over the entire life cycle * Requirements workflow * Analysis...
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...technologies of object-oriented analysis and design • Be more prepared for future software-related jobs MAO Bo, School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University Spring, 2015 2 You will learn about • How to programming with Java • How to gather software requirements • How to analysis software using object-oriented theory • How to design software using object-oriented theory • How to communicate the software analysis and design using UML (unified modeling language) diagrams • How to divide a software project into phases with objectoriented thinking MAO Bo, School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University Spring, 2015 3 Contents of Course in Java 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Elementary Programming with Java Selections and Loops Method and Arrays in Java Objects and Classes Inheritance and Polymorphism Event-Driven Programming and Exception Handling MAO Bo, School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University Spring, 2015 4 Contents of Course in OOA&D 7. What is great software and how can get it? 8. How to gather software requirement? 9. How to deal with software requirements change? 10. Object-oriented software analysis approaches 11. Object-oriented software design approaches 12. Solving really big problems 13. Software architecture 14. Object-oriented software design principles and testing 15. Object-oriented software development lifecycle 16. A comprehensive case of object-oriented software development MAO Bo, School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University...
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...SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT: 1. Introduction Computers are becoming a key element in our daily lives. Slowly and surely they are taking over many of the functions that effect our lives critically. They are now controlling all forms of monetary transactions, manufacturing, transportation, communication, defence systems, process control systems, and so on. In the near future, they will be found in our homes, controlling all forms of appliances. Left to themselves, they are harmless pieces of hardware. Load the right kind of software, they can take you to the moon, both literally and figuratively. It is the software that gives life to them.When they are going to play such a crucial role, one small flaw either in the hardware or the software can lead to catastrophic consequences. The sad part is, while there are well defined processes based on theoretical foundations to ensure the reliability of the hardware, same thing can not be said about software. There is no theory for software devlopment as yet. But at the same time, it is mandatory that software always behaves in a predictable manner, even in unforeseen circumstances. Hence there is a need to control its development through a well defined and systematic process. The old fashioned 'code & test' approach will not do any more. It may be good enough for 'toy' problems, but in real life, software is expected to solve enormously complex problems. Some of the aspects of real life software projects are: Team effort: Any large...
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...in an object-oriented methodology. 5. Define and describe the foundational characteristics of an object-oriented methodology. 6. Describe two classic information systems development challenges and their potential resolution. 7. Discuss Classification Theory and its relationship with object-oriented methodologies. 8. Describe Rational Corporation's Unified Software Development Process. 9. Define parallelism, substitution and omission. 10. Describe the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and describe Use Case, Class Diagram and Interaction Diagram. 11. Describe a simplistic object-oriented methodology for applying and using the UML. 12. Describe the foundational characteristics of the UML’s Class Diagram DESIGN A generic systems development life cycle (SDLC) was presented in an earlier chapter. You may recall that the purpose for this version of a SDLC was to give you a simplified way of sequentially studying the activities that are utilized to produce software-intensive information systems. In reality the SDLC for such systems is as diverse and variable as the organizations that create these systems. What is common is that all organizations follow some SDLC for the creation, maintenance and evolution of their software-intensive information systems. As you read through this book remember that most of the activities of an SDLC are done iteratively and that several activities may be performed in...
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... 导师姓名 和红杰 职 称 副教授 专 业 信号与信息处理 研究方向 数字水印 题 目 Mobile Optimized Middleware TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Background and significance of research II. Research target, content and problems to solve III. Research method, technology, testing program and feasibility IV. Current Solutions V. Innovation VI. Planning schedule, expected progress and expected results VII. References VIII. Appendix I. Background and Significance of Research 1. Background Since the emergence of the personal computer, IT administrators have had to navigate through a computing and communications landscape where business and consumer technologies have intersected. Sometimes those intersections produce benefits for all involved; other times they result in destructive collisions. For better or worse, mobile has come to stay. This “consumerization of IT” dynamic has become especially pronounced of late in the area of mobile devices and their burgeoning capabilities. 2. Significance of Research This paper aims to simplify the problem of distributing organizational information in a unified user experience. It further examines methods and technologies that unite, secure and make mobile information useable. Laptop PCs have long been the dominant mobile devices spanning the business/consumer divide. In recent years, however, the proliferation of smart-phones, tablet PCs and netbook PCs has increased the...
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... |Total | |No. | |Of Exam | | | | | | |Theory |Sessional* | | |MCA-101 |Computer Fundamentals and Problem Solving Using C |3 Hours |80 |20 |100 | |MCA-102 |Computer Organisation |3 Hours |80 |20 |100 | |MCA-103 |Discrete Mathematical Structures |3 Hours |80 |20 |100 | |MCA-104 |Software Engineering |3 Hours |80 |20 |100 | |MCA-105 |Computer Oriented Numerical and Statistical Methods |3 Hours |80 |20 |100 | |MCA-106 |Software Laboratory - I |3 Hours | | |100 | | |C (Based on MCA-101) | | | | | |MCA-107 |Software Laboratory – II |3 Hours | | |100 | | |C (Based on MCA-105) | | | | | |MCA-108...
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...Abstract Over the last few years the enterprise resource planning software growth has been very fast and it has been predicted to continue to grow quickly in the future. The goal of the ERP systems is to provide advantages to companies by using both mutual database and real time data. In fact, ERP system is not only the most complex, but also the most demanding information systems executed by many companies. Introduction The main factor in the development of both business operations and services for the past 20 years is the explosion in the use of enterprise resource planning systems all around the world. Some people don’t realize the benefits of the ERP systems in their lives. Some of the benefits of using ERP systems are: the ability to better track costs, manage inventory, and observe operations that has caused waste reduction in companies. Using this system helps theme to reduce price while keeping their profitability (Leoni, 2012). The origins of ERP system arise from relational data management theory and designed by Edgar F. Cod in 1969 that result in evolution, in 1970, of the idea relational database at IBM research lab. Based on this theory data is maintained in tables that are connected to each other by using a key to each table. One example can be a customer number that use to identify the customer in each transaction. In fact, by using the customer number in any transaction we don’t need to copy all the customers’ information. Therefore, we will be able...
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...College of Information Systems & Technology Bachelor of Science in Information Technology with a Concentration in Information Management The Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) degree program is focused on the acquisition of theory and the application of technical competencies associated with the information technology profession. The courses prepare students with fundamental knowledge in core technologies, such as systems analysis and design; programming; database design; network architecture and administration; web technologies; and application development, implementation, and maintenance. This undergraduate degree program includes 45 credits in the required course of study and 15 credits in the concentration. Some courses have prerequisites. In addition, students must satisfy general education and elective requirements to meet the 120-credit minimum, including a minimum of 48 upper-division credits required for completion of the degree. At the time of enrollment, students must choose a concentration. The Information Management concentration is designed to provide coverage of the collection, architecture, modeling, retrieval and management of data for meaningful presentation to the organization. This concentration prepares students to develop, deploy, manage, and integrate data and information systems to support the organization. Note: The diploma awarded for this program will read: Bachelor of Science in Information Technology and will not reflect the concentration...
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...equipment such as cooling and power. The IT Department should also move to leasing the end-user computers to allow the city to amortize the costs over a replacement lifecycle instead of purchasing the equipment outright and having the costs of upgrading and keeping spare systems on hand to accommodate replacements. Proposed Plan The city of Seabreeze would benefit by converting to a completely hosted virtual solution to eliminate the cost of ownership of physical servers and storage area networks. This will also allow Seabreeze to utilize the hosting company’s services to manage backups and disaster recovery planning. Seabreeze will also be able to eliminate a large amount of software costs by utilizing Google Apps for Work. This will also allow the city to utilize software as a service reducing their software licensing costs and the costs of having staff to support it. Seabreeze would also be a good candidate to lease the end-user computers. This will allow them to...
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...quality assurance, and transaction costs on the design of mobile application markets. This theoretical model allows a deeper discussion about the design choices and success factors in the different app store cases. Based on our analysis, we expect that the open versus closed models discussion becomes less relevant - so-called open platforms have closed aspects as well as the other way around - and that competitive differentiation and segmentation strategies will become increasingly critical in order to strengthen the competitive positioning of the different app store platforms. Keywords: App stores, Business models, Mobile software markets, Mobile application markets, Open vs. closed business models, E3-value modelling 1 Introduction After the introduction of the Apple App Store in July 2008, competitors rushed to introduce their own mobile software markets. In April 2011, Distimo (Site 1) - a...
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...EM 900 /Engineering Management March 22, 2014 QUESTIONS: 1. What is innovation management? Innovation management is the regulation of managing processes in innovation. According to Richard Feynman innovation is all about discovery. Innovation management is the process of capturing and managing organizational innovation. Today many companies have organization-wide innovation management programs. This is due to increased recognition that innovation is essential for motivating business growth and maintaining competitive advantage. Competency: Every institute/organization has its own history and set of capabilities, which determine its innovation competency. And innovation has build a powerful framework based on competence and obligation that will help organization to become a world-class innovator Strategy: As manager knows, resource allocation is critical to strategy and therefore needs to be an integral part of aligning innovation to strategic objectives. Management: Any top company in this world should arrange resources cleverly and needs to manage innovation efficiently; this should be the primary objective of a organization. 2. Why is entrepreneurship training considered important for engineers? In the article it states clearly why it is so significant for engineers to understand entrepreneurship training. Engineers need to be entrepreneurial in order to understand and contribute in the framework of market and business pressures. For engineers...
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...Chapter I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction As technology continues to advance, computers are becoming more part of everyday life. Computers are everywhere at work, at school, and at home. Many daily activities either involve the use of or depend on information from a computer. It is also the best solution for providing information and a way of communications in every individual and gives better understanding of some events that can arouse the interest of some particular subject matter. The computerized world is highly efficient one, which processing the big quantities of data and keeping. Computer can be considered as another instrument for developing a system like grading system in every school. This can be a great help to those teachers who are handling many task from providing easier and faster access. Through the advancement of Education System in the Philippines and the application of K-12 system in public and private schools, the systems of grading and recording must be restructured together with the development of the country’s system. K-12 system of assessment critically changed and made assimilation with the international countries. The ideal system focused on the decisive purpose of quality assuring student learning. The said education system is also a standard-based to guarantee the productive teaching of teachers to help the students aspire through their goal. The propagation of technology greatly helps the teachers and students to have efficient...
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...Holland and Ben Light, Manchester Business School ompanies are radically changing their information technology strategies by purchasing prepackaged software instead of developing IT systems in-house. Price Waterhouse predicts that by 2000, two-thirds of all business software will be bought off the shelf. More specifically, Deloitte and Touche states that businesses prefer to replace legacy systems with enterprise resource planning systems. According to AMR Research, the ERP systems market was $15.68 billion in 1997 and is likely to increase at a compound rate of 36 percent, to $72.63 billion, by 2002. The associated consultancy market is approximately $30 billion. These statistics clearly indicate a shift in the ERP market. There are mixed reports concerning the outcome of ERP projects. Successful ERP implementations are certainly publicized, such as Pioneer New Media Technologies (see http://Datamation.com/PlugIn/erp/index.htm) and Monsanto,1 but less successful projects have led to bankruptcy proceedings and litigation against IT suppliers.2 Approximately 90 percent of ERP implementations are late or over budget,3 which may be due to poor cost and schedule estimations or changes in project scope rather than project management failure.4 C 30 IEEE Software May/ June 1999 0740-7459/99/$10.00 © 1999 IEEE ERP software automates core corporate activities, such as...
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...art One questions carry 1 mark each and Part Two questions carry 5 marks each. 1. During _________formal tools and techniques were developed to help and manage large complex projects. 2. PERT stands for: 3. The most basic model of any Operating System is: 4. Overall complexity = 5. Relevant areas of the APM body of knowledge are: a. Program Evaluation and Reverse Technique b. Progress Evaluation and Review Technique c. Program Evaluation and Review Technique d. None of the above a. Project Model b. Input-output model c. Output-input model d. None of the above a. Organizational complexity*resource complexity*technical complexity b. Organizational complexity+technical complexity-resource complexity c. Technical complexity+resource complexity/organizational complexity d. Organizational complexity*resource complexity/technical complexity a. Quality Management b. Budgeting and cost Management c. Project Cost Management d. Both ‘a’ and ‘b’ IIBM Institute of Business Management Examination Paper: Project Management 6. Costs associated with the planning process include: 7. CPA stands for: a. Planer’s tools b. Opportunity cost c. Planned labour and associated expenses d. All of the above a. Critical Path Analysis b. Common Path Analysis c. Critical Path Algorithm d. Common Problem Analysis 8. The project duration with the normal activity time is ____days. 9. The nature of the work...
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... CONTENTS TITLE ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………. 1 Purpose……………………………………………………..………… 1.1 Scope…………………………………………………..…….……….. 1.2 Definitions, Acroynms, Abbrivations……………………. 1.3 Overview……………………..………………………………………. 1.4 SYSTEM ANALYSIS……………………………………… 3 Software Requirements Specification…..………………. 3.1 Hardware Requirements……………………………………….. 3.1.1 Software Requirements………………………………………… 3.1.2 IMPLEMENTATION……………………………………… 4 Modules……………………………………………………………….. 4.1 Accounts…………………………………………………………..4.1.1 Transactions………………………………………………………….. 4.1.2 DESIGN………………..…………………………….……… 5 UML Diagrams………………………………………………………… 5.1 Class Diagram………………………………………………………… 5.1.1 Usecase Diagram….……………………………………………….. 5.1.2 Sequence Diagram….……………………………………………….. 5.1.3 RESULT FOR IMPLEMENTATION…………………… 6 Output Screens………………………………………………………. 6.1 SYSTEM TESTING………………………………………….7 Types of Testing………………………………………………………. 7.1 TESTCASES…………………………………………………..8 CONCLUSION………………………………………………..9 ANDROID BASED STATIC WEBSERVER ABSTRACT Android is software platform and operating system for mobile devices. Being an open-source, it is based on the Linux kernel. It was developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA). It allows writing managed code in the Java language. Due to Android here is the possibility to write applications in other languages and compiling...
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