...has been shaped by two disparate ideologies, the initial white Australia policy, and the current policy of multiculturalism. The white Australia policy comprised legislation designed to safeguard Australia as a nation reserved for white residents, whereas multiculturalism is a process that constructively integrates cultural diversity into the national identity. This essay argues that the white Australia policy has had a significant impact on Australian culture and continues to overshadow the success of multiculturalism. First, this essay explains the motivations and legislations that established the white Australia policy, and the subsequent effects on early Australian society. Next, it discusses the discarding of the white Australia policy and the implementation of multiculturalism. Finally, this essay assesses the impact of the white Australia policy on contemporary Australian culture. During the late 1800s there was public and political discussion as to Australia’s future as a white nation (Bulletin 1886). This was prompted by the frequent racial tension and sporadic violence between white settlers and Chinese immigrants. The 1901 parliamentary debates concerning immigration show that although a belief in white racial supremacy was predominant, commercial concerns and fears of invasion were also involved. For example, some members extolled the superiority of a ‘snow-white’ Australia (Commonwealth of Australia 1901 pp. 4626, 4648, 4666). Whereas, other members protested that...
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...Black Swan Event By Adam Murad 1) What was the event? The arrival of European settlement in Australia. 2) What were the consequences? The consequences of European settlement in Australia during 1788 thousands of Aborigines died from diseases that the colonists have spread. At first contact there were over 250,000 Aboriginals in Australia. 3) What period of time did it effect? European settlement effected Australia from 1770 till today. 4) How global was the consequence? European settlement/colonisation has not only happened in Australia but all over the world stretching out from the Americas to Asia, Africa New Zealand and the Pacific islands. 5) How has Hindsight history explained the event? Australian history is not taught properly, kids at schools learn more about the European colonisation side of Australia and how they developed the country rather than the Aboriginal side. Australian history should be taught about the ancestors and the original custodians of this land the dream time stories, the stolen generation and the wars they had also the culture and language. If kids at school learn about the ancestors of Australia they will understand what ‘Australia day’ really means, 6) Has History repeated itself? History has not repeated itself European colonisation has stopped to this day and era, but the opposite is happening immigrants from other countries that have had a past of invasion from European settlement are now doing the same...
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...groups dominating many parts of the world for a variety of reasons. Many conquest to other countries were to discover natural resources like, spices, gold and other trade-able material unique to its region. Some expedition set out to explore for other reasons like proving a theory or to follow up on stories told by their fellow explorers. Once reaching their destination, other factors made them stay such as the discovery of monetary gain, religious freedom and political powers. While some countries like China, were unable to become colonized, others were dominated to the extent of their people eventually becoming a minority in their own land. Imperialistic ambition was a major element in the colonization of many third world countries. As immigrants settled on foreign soil, they believed they were legitimately entitled to occupy the land. They eventually impose their economic, religion, and social systems onto an existing societies. No country or island was particularly excluded from such invasions. Some countries managed to fight off European settlers while others lacked the sophistication needed to protect their land. Third world countries were the easiest to invade due to their undeveloped societies and lack of economic intelligence. Countries that were once made up of communities lacking...
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...The mining sector has expanded significantly since the 1970s, with major discoveries of iron ore, petroleum, coal, and natural gas. When Australia was colonized by Europeans in the late 18th century, it was home to approximately 250 indigenous Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages ( Dixion, 1980; Walsh, 1997; Angelo etal., 1994; Austin, 1996), many of which are now either extinct, moribund, or endangered. Today, only 12 indigenous languages continue to be learned by children. There has been growing awareness of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages among general Australian population, and Aboriginal language courses are now taught in secondary schools in Victoria, South Australia ( Nathan, 1996) , and soon to be introduced...
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...Using a scaffold for extended writing to compare texts A scaffold is a framework or structure from which you can build something. If you prepare a scaffold before you write, you have a solid base to begin further planning of your response. This scaffold shows the stages and organisation of a typical comparison response. Each box represents a paragraph. What new insights about a sense of belonging are shown in The China Coin and one other text? How has the composer conveyed these new insights to the responder? Put some ideas in each box to help you plan. The notes on the right are not complete. They provide some examples for you to see how to present your argument. The words in bold are linking words. |Introduction |A sense of belonging can emerge from relationships with people and places. When | |Mention aspect(s) of belonging |people experience a strong cultural connection to a place, their sense of | |Make a statement about how this aspect is |belonging is strengthened. This can change over time. The novel The China Coin | |represented in the set text and one other |and poem ‘We are going’ both have strong cultural images and personal statements.| | |These are revealed through the composers’ use of flashback, narrative voice and | | |descriptive language. ...
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...of Australia was federated on the 1st of January 1901 after continuous efforts to make ends meet between the six British colonies. Federation is "the greatest political achievement in Australian history" as stated by John Hirst, however, some flaws cannot be overlooked and remains a weakness in the history of Australia. The type of government that was chosen was one that was extremely thorough which has helped strengthen Australia's stability. Sir Henry Parkes first established benefits from federating Australia which developed a shift in those in favour of a Federation. However, during the process of uniting Australia many were disregarded which caused a major flaw in the Federation that should have been dealt with at the...
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...Jackie Keyes Discover Australia 25/8/14 Re-Branding a Multicultural Australia The Opening Ceremonies of the Olympic Game’s are intended to be a way for the hosting country to present them selves to the rest of the world, along with welcoming them to their country. Such ceremonies are planned to be visually pleasing and exploding with dramatic representations of the host countries past and present culture, lifestyle, and rituals. Sydney used 2000 Opening Ceremony for the Olympic games as a way to demonstrate the important roll the British had in colonizing Australia while easing up previous racism accusations, as well as portraying Australia to be home to a vibrant unified multicultural society, offering world-class destinations.- All throughout the Opening Ceremony an evolution of stories were played out for viewers; certain stories were more centralized narratively then others in particular. A sugarcoated version of the Aboriginals history, British Colonies exploration and the evolution of a young Australia, are considered the primary tales narrated. Starting out with a large horse and man scene which spoke strongly to the tourist market specifically Americans, this was perceived as a stunt to attract viewers to Australia along with scenes involving Australia’s beaches, outback territory and high ratio of animals throughout the ceremony. The connection and reconciliation between the white girl who represents a young Australia and the aboriginal man spoke to the multicultural...
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...Chapter One Canadian Constitution * THE MOST IMPORTANT DOCUMENT IN CANADA!!!!!!!!!!! * Has the roles of ALL levels of the government and describes how they work together * Governor General * Executive * Legislative * Judicial * Also has things like ooooh, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms British Monarch * The governor general is the Queen’s representative here in Canada * They are the formal head of state * So no real power… * Considered part of the executive and legislative branch The Executive Branch * Prime Minister and the Cabinet are part of the executive * To become PM, you have to lead a political party and win the most seats in the HofC * The cabinet is chosen by the PM and they come from his political party * Makes most laws and goes through the process to enact them * Basically runs the government through the days * Cabinet ministers are given portfolios that they are responsible for * They research issues and help to propose laws from their portfolio * Ex. Agriculture, justice, foreign affairs are types of portfolios * Each cabinet runs their own affairs which is the day to day activity of the government. * Each cabinet minister has their own staff to help them Political Parties * Whoever has the most seats leads the government * Candidates run for election, party with most votes form government * Are considered organizations...
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...Land and Climate Area (sq. mi.): 2,988,902 Area (sq. km.): 7,741,220 Australia is the sixth largest country in the world. It is just smaller than Brazil and about four-and-a-half times the size of the U.S. state of Alaska. Australia is the only country that occupies a complete continent. It is also the driest inhabited continent in the world. About one-third of its land is desert and another third is composed of poor-quality land. A long chain of mountains, the Great Dividing Range, runs along the Pacific coast. Fertile farmland lies east of the Great Dividing Range, in the southwestern corner of Western Australia, and in the island state of Tasmania. Cattle stations (ranches) reach the edge of the barren interior desert. The famed Australian Outback is an undefined region that encompasses all remote, undeveloped areas. The Outback is seen as a mystical heartland or frontier—a symbol of Australia's strength and independence—where the climate is hot, life is hard, and people are tough, independent, and few. CultureGramsTMWorld Edition 2015 | Commonwealth of Australia | BACKGROUND include the emu, cockatoo, and kookaburra. Australia's snakes are among the most venomous in the world. BACKGROUND include the emu, cockatoo, and kookaburra. Australia's snakes are among the most venomous in the world. Among Australia's natural wonders is the Great Barrier Reef, a system of coral reefs that extends more than 1,250 miles (2,000 kilometers) near Australia's northeast coast...
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...More specifically, Australia's bush music drew its inspiration in Irish music. The Wild Colonial Boy sets a classic example of this influence. In addition to becoming popular in Australia, it also became popular in Ireland. Along the Irish tradition, Australian musicians have been influenced by Aboriginal traditonal music. Waltzing Matilda provides a good illustrationn of the Aboriginal influence on Australian bush music. Waltzing Matilda sings about a tramp sitting under the shade of a coolabah tree aside a pond and then swipes a sheep. In the Irish tradition, the tramp commits suicide rather than be taken alive by the soldiers. Traces of the common past can be seen through the similar political engagement of modern Irish and Australian artists. Irish rock bands such as the Cranberries have been organising protest concerts against religious conflict or world poverty. Similarly, Australian bands such as Midnigtht Oil have shown their support to environment protection and the defense of Aboriginal rights. 10 A questioned...
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...AUSTRALIA Top of Form * About Facts about Australia * Explore Things to see and do * Plan Make it happen * Facebook * Delicious * Twitter * Google Plus * Youtube International English Cities, States and Territories * Homepage > * About > * Cities, States and Territories Melbourne, Victoria. © Tourism Australia Cities, States and Territories Print Page Geography Covering a total area of 7.69 million square kilometres, mainland Australia is the world’s largest island - but smallest continent. In distance, the continent stretches about 3700 kilometres from north to south and 4000 kilometres from east to west, making it the sixth-largest nation after Russia, Canada, China, the United States and Brazil. Australia is also the only continent that is governed as a single country. It is sometimes informally referred to as an 'island' continent, surrounded by oceans. Our ocean territory is also the third-largest in the world, spanning three oceans and covering around 12 million square kilometres. We also have one of the most urbanised and coast-dwelling populations in the world, with more than 80 per cent of residents living within 100 kilometres of the coastline. Australia currently has a population of almost 23 million people. Australian Government Australia has three levels of government – the federal Australian Government, the governments of the six states and two territories, and around 700 local government...
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...States and territories. This was evident with the Wik case that followed in the years after Mabo. In order to determine the effect that the Mabo case has had on Australian Law and subsequent cases we need to look into the details of the case, what judgement was made, and how that judgement came about. Then the details of the judgement can be used to look at other decisions like Wik, and how the legislations and proceeding acts have been introduced. Discussed also will be the potential effect that the Mabo case had, not only with land rights and native title issues, but also to help with the reconciliation of the displaced aboriginal people upon British settlement. As you will read later there was a lot of potential for the governments of the day to use these decisions, but there was great reluctance to protect themselves and other members Australia. We can begin by having a look in further details of firstly the Mabo vs. The State of Queensland case, then the Wik vs. The State of Queensland case. You will note that although the cases have many similarities, there were also some very obvious differences. It was these differences which made the government introduce the Native Title Act 1993, then the Native Title Amendment Act 1998. In order to understand the Mabo case, you need to know that it involved the people from the Murray and Torres Strait Islands claiming native title to their islands. Part of...
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...lot - the major stereotype that Aboriginals get involved with criminal activity and drugs. Walter tells the boys at the pool table ‘bad things happen to people who piss me off’, (p.76) suggesting he had experienced prejudice thoughts before and hopes that would scare the...
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...freedom of speech justified in Australia? While there are laws that restrict Freedom of Speech in Australia in order to protect fundamental rights and to limit discrimination which emerged from multiculturalism, the same laws can also clash with the liberty of the citizens and with the right of Freedom of Speech itself. Introduction To establish the boundaries between the defense of Freedom of Expression and of minorities has become a challenge for modern states. The consolidation of different groups (ethnocultural , sexual diversity , immigrants, religious) within the base community has generated the need to redefine and strengthen the defense of the human rights. As Will Kymlicka explains, cultural mix requires an inclusive process, which involves the establishment of a group of rights that recognizes and protects the minorities. Conversely, the ongoing struggle of the minorities has a major difficulty: the delicate border between the defense of their rights and the violation of the rights of the community. Firstly, this essay aims to explain the current conception of Freedom of Speech, since it is a controversial issue, focusing on the importance of that right for the Australian society and for the world. Secondly, we will analyze whether Freedom of Speech needs limits and the role of harm speech and offense speech in that topic in Australia. Finally, the third paragraph will focus on the restrictions of Freedom of Speech in Australia and its aftermaths. Dot...
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...INTRODUCTION The title of this work is “Australian English” The work which is presented deals with the study of the Australian English Language, about its pronunciation, regional variations, vocabulary. The Australian English is a language with its own peculiarities and it differs a lot from Standard English and the other variants because it has its own history and development. There appeared a large number of new words in each variety of the English language because of historical, political, different socio- economic events and of course it has affected to the Australian English. I wanted to learn more about the appearance, development and using nowadays of the Australian English language. The aims of this work are: -To study the difficulties of using and understanding the words in AusE -To define cultural peculiarities of AusE speakers The topicality of this work is explained by the interest to the difference of Australian English between the other English variants and to the practical usage of the vocabulary. The theoretical value of this work is determined by necessity of the comprehensive analysis of Australian English because every language allows different kinds of variations: geographical or territorial, stylistic and others. It is very important to use up- to –date information of the western scientists who are concerned nearly to the English linguistics. The practical value is seen in rising interest to the English...
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