...Bio ethicsI wish my baby had not been born essay Bio-ethics examines the relationships between the life sciences and philosophy and contemplates moral arguments. Moral arguments such as abortion, euthanasia, and organ donation effect lives and have an impact on society. These issues are emotional in nature and do not have solid biological answers. In the case of abortion there are many variables with the pregnancy such as rape, incest, and malady in the infant. The essay by Emily Rapp, Rick Santorum, Meet my Son, discusses her painful journey through parenting a child with a degenerative genetic disease. She discusses utilizing modern technology tests that are available to the parent but that did not give her the information she needed. She herself underwent genetic testing. But these tests did not catch the fact that her son had Tay Sachs disease, considered one of the most serious of all birth defects, Tay Sachs is always fatal. Tay Sachs causes seizures and blindness and is very painful. Rapp describes in detail how agonizing her son’s life is. Ironically, the senator to whom she targets her issue has also faced a similar issue. Rick Santorum’s youngest daughter, Bella, was born with a genetic disease called Trisomy 18. This disease can also be fatal but is not considered as serious as Tay Sachs. Santorum is a very conservative politician who believes abortion should be illegal. Santorum campaigns on a platform that all life is precious including children with severe disabilities...
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...theories and texts presenting ethics and feminist ethics contextualized within a variety of issues. While modern philosophers such as Mill and Kant have taken an approach to ethical questions that is more rule-based, their ancient counterparts (namely, Plato and Aristotle) have taken an approach to ethics that relies more on character and ethical way of being (Landes, 2013). The former attempts to create a set of rules which we can apply to our actions whereas the latter argues that rather than creating a system of ethics, we ought to focus on the very character of people; adopting good habits of character will lead us to doing was is right and what is essential for us to be a fully happy...
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...AS Philosophy & Ethics Course Handbook 2013 to 2014 [pic] OCR AS Level Religious Studies (H172) http://www.ocr.org.uk/qualifications/type/gce/hss/rs/index.aspx OCR AS Level Religious Studies (H172) You are studying Philosophy of Religion and Religious Ethics and will be awarded an OCR AS Level in Religious Studies. The modules and their weightings are: |AS: |Unit Code |Unit Title |% of AS |(% of A Level) | | |G571 |AS Philosophy of Religion |50% |(25%) | | |G572 |AS Religious Ethics |50% |(25%) | If you decide to study for the full A Level you will have to study the following modules at A2: |A2: |Unit Code |Unit Title |(% of A Level) | | |G581 |A2 Philosophy of Religion |(25%) | | |G582 |A2 Religious Ethics |(25%) | Grading | ...
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...Maxwell Husband St. Joseph’s University Moral Foundations T/TR 8:30-9:45 “Pro-Life vs. Pro-Choice” Abortion is and forever will be a very controversial topic of discussion. It has been debated for years whether it is morally right or wrong. Abortion is a unique subject in that it involves not only morality but also a large amount of theology, emotion, and law. It is also unique because it forces people to choose one side or the other, there is a very small gray area when it comes to this debate, and the side that I will fall on in this essay is the pro-choice side. In this essay I will attempt prove that abortion is not murdering an innocent fetus and that the arguments for pro-choice are stronger than the ones for pro-life. The main point of disagreement between the two sides is what constitutes life, when does human life actually begin? I believe to construct a sound argument this issue must be examined first. I will then go on to cover other various pro-choice points such as a women’s right to choose, the quality of life for the potential child, and the extreme circumstances that will disprove the notion that abortion is morally wrong. As stated in my opening paragraph, the key issue in the case of abortion is determining the status of the fetus in the sense of its humanity. It is my belief that a fetus does not qualify as a human. I agree with Warren when she states that “human being” is a term that is not often distinguished, she suggests that there are two...
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...In writing this essay, I had a really tough time figuring out which system of ethics my own ideas lined up with. I knew I didn’t agree with Immanuel Kant’s deontological approach for the most part (with the exception of not using people as a means to an end), but beyond that I was a little lost. Because of that, I decided to work through this essay backwards, figuring out my stance on the topics that needed to be addressed and then finding which system of ethics aligned with them the most. For starters, I have always been pro-choice. I don’t think a woman’s reproductive rights and right to choose should be regulated or restricted by politicians. If a woman wants or needs birth control or an abortion, she should be able to access them safely and legally. I think a woman should be able to get an abortion for whatever reason and that she shouldn’t need to provide a justification to anyone. I don’t know if I necessarily agree with the idea of aborting a fetus for some reasons like gender or the baby having brown eyes or other aesthetic-related reasons but I do think that it is...
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...The essay by Cornelia Dayes Hughton; “Taking the Trade” discussed the real case of a botched abortion in 17th century New England. This case is one of the only accounts of mechanical abortion discovered in colonial North America and gives historians a unique opportunity to view how abortion was viewed legally and religiously during this era. This case involved a woman who was coerced by her lover and physician into “taking the trade”, medicine used to abort a fetus that they had conceived out of wedlock and later into having it aborted surgically. The woman, Sarah Grosvenor, was reluctant to abort her fetus and was essentially forced to. The actions of these men succeeded in causing her to miscarry, but also resulted in her death. The way...
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...Ethics Essay Ethics play a huge role in the lives and actions of people. When considering the ethics of a situation importance should be put on the understanding of how a person will react to the event. Understanding the different theories will assist the decision maker in determining the necessary outcome of the situation and will make the outcome as favorable as possible. The three theories compared in this essay are virtue ethics, utilitarianism, and deontological theories. How a person reacts to a situation will be based on a particular ethical theory. Virtue ethics places less focus on the act, but on the agent. If a person subscribes to the virtue ethics theory, they will be acting in a good and moral manner like being honest. Virtue ethic oriented people also believe that not only should a person act morally in their dealings, but actively correct negative behaviors like greed. Morally, virtue ethics instructs that motives are the driving force behind the decisions that people make, therefore, if those people are morally correct, then the decisions made will be moral. The drawback to this theory is that there is no win-win situation and the conclusion may not be what is right for the entire group. This theory cannot deal with complicated, ethical decisions because not all outcomes can be ethically or morally correct for everyone involved. For example, a close friend had an abortion and at the time wanted me to go to the appointment with her. This was a...
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...The issue of abortion is one that has been at the recent forefront of many political discussions in the United States and around the world. There are people spread across both sides of the argument whose opinions vary in intensity and depend on different sources of information to back up their points of view. For the purpose of this paper, abortion will be defined as the deliberate termination of human pregnancy. It is my opinion that abortion, completed early enough in a pregnancy, is not an unethical act and should not be considered to be a decision that is immoral. My argument is based on ideas that are rooted in both utilitarian and deontological ethics as I will show throughout the essay. One of the few religions to condone acts of abortion is Hinduism. This is not to say, however, that Hinduism is blindly accepting of all kinds of abortion. In Hinduism, the belief is that one should make a decision based on what kind of effect it will have on all those involved. This is a very utilitarian way of looking at abortion because it looks at the decision and determines which choice will cause the least amount of harm to the mother, father, fetus, and society (BBC, 2013). Traditionally in Hindu culture, when considering circumstances where abortion is a possible solution to a problem, it is usually found that the procedure is not the appropriate response to the situation and aborting the baby would have negative social and spiritual consequences. I believe this is important because...
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...Course Title 19 December 2012 Abortion: Why it should be not be banned In the United States and most part of the world, the issue of abortion has sparked a heavy controversy, creating a strong debate over the rights and wrongs of deliberately ending a pregnancy before normal childbirth. There is no denying the fact that, most people today are caught in between the moral dilemma of whether or not to terminate a pregnancy. It is one of the issues in our society today creating not just a political divide, but equally a public and moral one. For example, the Telegraph of December 18, 2012 published its story which reads in part: A Polish Catholic organisation has sparked furore after it compared legal abortion to the Newtown school massacre. On its website the conservative organisation Fronda asked what the difference was between "children killed by doctors and children killed by a madman?" It also questioned whether killing children with parental consent is better than killing children against their will? ( para. 1-3). The above news lead reminds us once again of the opposing views held by different members of the society concerning abortion. Before delving into the argument arena, it is imperative that the term abortion be defined; its historical background briefly discussed, and some arguments in support of ban be examined. This will serve as foundation upon which this work will rest. The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary defines the term abortion as ‘‘the deliberate ending...
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...progenies in the world terminate in induced abortion. More precisely, the number of induced abortion is nearly 50 million every year（Berer, M., 2000 ）. Induced abortion means “abortion brought on deliberately by drugs or mechanical means” (Stedman, T. L.，2008). It can be defined as an abortion that is preceded initiatively, which is opposite to spontaneous abortion. According to World HeaWHO (1993), every year the number of woman who chooses abortion is about 1.5 million in United States. Almost half of American women get unplanned pregnancy, and 54% of these end in abortion (Finer LB &ump; Zolna MR, 2011). Nearly one fifth of pregnancies end in abortion (Jones RK &ump; Kooistra, K, 2011). The laws on abortion have developed varied in countries since there are different social and moral perceptions due to the different cultures. In Great Britain, only medical professionals are able to provide abortion（rethinking of abortion p13）. While it comes to Northern Ireland and the Irish republic , the law only allow women to get information of abortion and have abortion outside of their states (rethinking of abortion p19).Abortion is always a sensitive topic when it is regarded as killing a person surrounding with social and political discussion. It seems that the debate between anti-abortion and the opponents is increasing heated (BEYOND CHOICE P19).Woman tend to choose illegal abortion when it is unavailable for legal abortion, even it is unsafe with poor conditions and...
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...I wanted to approach both Kantianism vs. Utilitarianism for those who are not students of ethics words like utilitarianism and Kantianism may sound little foreign but for those are trying to tackle the world of ethics then these two represent important viewpoints. There are many similarities between utilitarianism and Kantianism but some can confuse some people. However, there are important differences between the two philosophies that I will try to explain. In Utilitarianism this philosophy believes that consequences of action are responsible for people judging that action as morally right or wrong. Thus, a believer of utilitarianism would say that the outcomes of the actions that is deemed morally right would be good. The theory says that people choose actions that help in maximizing happiness and at the same time remove misery, pain and agony. The worth of any human action depends upon its utility or value. Now with the view on Kantianism was put forward by Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher he focused on the duty he believed his philosophy take the position that the morality of an action is dependent upon whether the individual has adhered to the rules or not. Here are some points or highlights why Kantianism vs. utilitarianism. * Attitude towards what is right or wrong is what constitutes the basic difference between utilitarianism and Kantianism. * Utilitarianism says that an act is justified if maximum numbers of people are deriving happiness out of it. This...
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...The argument that I have chosen to discuss in this essay is the extreme liberal view. My aim is to show that this argument is false by critically examining and evaluating the argument and the consequences of the extreme liberal view. I am concentrating on the extreme liberal view because I find it to have many more consequences than the other three views. I also find it to be quite a controversial view that I’m sure is not widely held in society. The extreme liberal view states that “the foetus is, in most if not all morally relevant respects, like a piece of tissue or a bit of the human body” (Hursthouse, 1987). The extreme liberal view in standard form looks like this: An unfertilised ovum has the same moral status as a piece of tissue. ------------------------------------------------- Working forward from the unfertilised ovum, there is no point until birth that the developing ovum comes to possess a different moral status. The foetus has the moral status of a piece of tissue right up until birth. The first premise appears to be uncontentious. Unfertilised ovum in large numbers are lost in a variety of ways every day. However there is no cry of outrage by society or scientists spending millions of dollars researching ways to try and save ovum lost in these ways. Unfertilised ovum are lost approximately every 28 days by most females once puberty is reached until the commencement of menopause. Unfertilised ovum are also lost through In Vitro Fertilisation...
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...Bernardo Pegas Dr. Octavio Quintanilla English 1313 21 November 2013 Abortion is more than you think To be able to understand abortion you must first understand, as Dr. Renate Jost said, the “genesis of life.” If the fetus is a person, then abortion is murder. If the fetus is not a person it doesn’t mean that he doesn’t have moral standings. Being pregnant means having a life growing inside, even if the fetus is a person or not, whether the state takes position or not. The empirical process ADI is the Direct Approach to the Unconscious and was developed by a Brazilian doctor called Renate Jost. The ADI enables the patient visualize in an intuitive level the moment of conception. The child in formation already perceives her gametes in motion to meet, diagnostic the aspects of the genetic load that will shape her and perceives others characteristics that comes from her parents and ancestry. The ADI as an empirical process don’t need to appeal to theoretical, philosophies or religious arguments. If this being already perceives his gametes and the content that is going to shape him in motion to meet, is because, somehow he is present before the zygote finish its formation. The clinical experience demonstrates, in the description of all 91 000 cases treated, that this human being is presented as person who originates not from parents, but what is perceived as a coming distant light, which is not limited by time, space or the material. The human being is already...
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...Title of paper: Name of student: Name of professor: Name of institution: Date submitted: Introduction Abortion has different definitions by the diverse communities and societal bodies. However the general definition of abortion is the “intentional termination of a pregnancy after conception.” It normally allows a woman to put to an end a pregnancy but it results to killing of the underdeveloped fetus. Abortion is a very controversial topic in the society and this state is not an exception (Adler, Filippi, Thomas, & Ronsmans, 2012). There are various methods of abortion that are well familiar. These are clinical abortion procedures and the use of pills. This paper looks into deep detail whether it is allowed or ethical if a woman decides to do it when she does not love the father to the unborn and the legal consents available for the father and the woman concerning the same. As per the medical practitioner and the groups that lobby for planned parentage, the woman has a right to give birth as and when she is very much ready to nurture the fetus up to a child. This is by the proposition that the fetus is not a person nor is it living, and there is need to prove that it has life. This therefore is under the discretion of the woman to decide whether to give birth or to abort (Sifris, 2013). However in this case, the medical practitioners do not support the move by the woman in that she should do it incase of a medical problem that poses a threat to the health...
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..."B-" Abstract This essay will talk about why abortion is immoral and should be illegal. Although abortion is legal in the state of Texas, doctors should exercise their rights to not take part in abortions. Legal and Moral Stance of Abortion Abortion is a very touchy subject, not only here in Texas, but pretty much everywhere. Some will say it is moral, some will say it is immoral. As a healthcare provider, I feel abortion is immoral all the way, and that even though it is legal here in the state of Texas, it should be illegal. If I were actually a healthcare provider, this could potentially create challenges in a healthcare setting. Although the amount of abortions has decreased during the 1990s, there are still about 1.2 million legal abortions each year (Fremgen, 2012). Here in Texas, three very significant laws have been passed since Roe vs. Wade. In the late 1980s, abortions that were done in the last trimester were outlawed, which put an end to the alternative left behind from this particular decision. Following Roe vs. Wade, in 1977, a law was passed that protected any health care provider that both refused to participate as well as those that participated in abortions. Private facilities did not have any legal obligations to do abortions except if the mother’s life was in danger (Abortion Laws in Texas, n.d.). During 1985, the Texas Abortion Facility Reporting and Licensing Act decided that every abortion facility has to record...
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