...is a practice that most businesses follow, although ethical and moral issue is a debated issue. Ethical and moral issues extend far beyond on treating others in a certain way. It begins with a belief system and faith in God. Once a person develops a relationship with God, they usually change for the better. In addition, the words ethics and morality in religion and theology may have been the cause for academia in the field of finance and economics which stray’s away from identifying ethical and moral considerations in the practice of finance and economics (Gupta, Rakesh, & Sukumaran, 2013). Unfortunately, if you are a Christian in the business world then the possibility of compromising your faith increases from even the smallest decisions such as prayer in the workplace. Whatever the case, there are numerous opportunities to compromise faith when it comes to business ethics. Christians need to be aware of this weakness and fight becomes hard to stand firm. According to authors Gupta, Rakesh, Sukumaran, and Aswini (2013), Ethics and morality in finance, discusses the issue of ethics and morality in finance that extends to accounting in the area of marketing. Regardless if you work for yourself or someone else Christians will face the time when they have to make decisions that can affect the way their walk in Christian faith at work. Mark 7:20-22 (ESV) And he said, “What comes out of a person is what defiles him. For from within, out of the heart of man, come...
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...Running Head: ETHICAL AND MORAL ISSUES IN BUSINESS Ethical and Moral Issues in Business MGT 261 University of Phoenix Ethical and Moral Issues in Business Business will always have ethical and moral issues to face. It is how the business solves or addresses the issues that will define a business’s level of morality and values. Businesses want to be known for their ethical traits for many good reasons. Revenues will be greater, improved brand recognition, greater employee motivation and retention, and better financial resources. These good reasons come with a price. Increased costs related to purchasing fair trade products, increased overhead related to training and communication, and a risk of building false expectations. Differences in ethical and moral issues The differences in ethical and moral issues are slim, because what is considered ethical is based from what is considered moral. Moral issues are based on beliefs, judgments, and feelings of an individual or group (Trevino, 2007). The set of moral principles or values are used to evaluate people and business’s actions, like a set of rules. The rules of human behavior assist in defining what is right and wrong. Ethics are defined as “the principles, norms, and standards of conduct governing an individual or group” (Trevino, 2007). Ethics are considered a set of moral principles or values extremely personal and relative to people or groups. In a business, the ethical guidelines...
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...and motives support of undermine carol Gilligan’s views? What would you say is unique about her or what she did? Carol said that there are male and female approaches to the morality. The morality of women is primarily a matter of caring and responsibility, their moral development is progress toward better ways of caring and being responsible. Women move from a preconventional stage of caring for oneself to another conventional one of caring for others to neglect of oneself, to a postconventional stage achieving a balance of caring of oneself and others also. On June 20, 2002 The Cynthia cooper courageously met with the audit committee of WorldCom’s board of directors and she told them what had been done by the Scott Sullivan, David Myers and Arthur Andersen. The first two who were arrested and second shut down for shredding evidence of other accounting frauds at other firms. What I find very unique about her is her honesty and putting all the pressure on the side, basically putting herself aside just to do what is right for others and report her facts without worrying about what the consequences will be because she knew it was the right thing to do. 3- How does William Damon’s theory of moral identity apply to Cynthia cooper? Cythia has who has reached middle adolescence, her self-interest and morality were beginning to integrate...
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...Instructions 1. Construct a template that will be the guide throughout the writing process. This will improve how the document looks, feels and reads. Consistency in these three items is key to a good case study. 2. Draw your reader in with a unique title. It should attract the reader and make them want to read more. 3. Begin writing the paper. Start by identifying the problem that is being explored in the case study. 4. Explore the problem, including cause, effect and theory. Give as much background as possible. 5. Discuss the possible solution, and/or how this issue was specifically resolved. Tell what methods were used in the process. 6. Describe benefits of the study. Tell how the benefits overall affect the group to which your case study is aimed. 7. Utilize the general-to-specific-to-general approach. This is the approach to use because it draws the reader in, demonstrates a specific example, and then shows how it applies to the group as a whole. It also shows the reader how they can address their own problem this way. Tips & Warnings • Use facts and numbers where possible. This is specifically aimed at the benefits portion of the case study. Potential readers will be compelled with the numbers and how they are affected by them and remain interested. • Use photos if necessary. If photos are used, be sure they are professionally done so as to not sully the quality of the case study. • Have an executive sign off...
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...Running head: ACCOUNTING ETHICS: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DEONTOLOGY AND UTILITARIANISM Accounting Ethics: Differences between Deontology and Utilitarianism Yaa Mendez Liberty University Outline: Introduction with thesis Deontology: definition, concepts Utilitarianism: definition, concepts Similarities between deontology and utilitarianism Difference between deontology and utilitarianism Conclusion In 2013, the movie, The Wolf of Wall Street portrayed the dishonest dealings of people involved in securities exchange and trades of foreign and public companies. The actor, Leonardo DiCaprio, had an sensational thirst for wealth and learned of greed from his superior. This movie portrays the idea that greed, an unethical behavior, is an acceptable behavior that business individuals must cultivate to increase their wealth. So what is ethics? According to Spiceland, Sepe, and Tomassini (2007), ethics is “a code or moral system that provides a criteria for evaluating what is right and wrong” (Spiceland, Sepe, and Tomassni, 2007). Deontological theories base morality on certain duties or obligations and claim that certain actions are right or wrong regardless of the consequences that may follow from the actions. Deontology is a moral theory that depends on scriptures that are governed by rules, moral laws, and intuition. The word deontology is derived from the Greek term “deon” and “logos” which means the “study of duty” (Moreland, 2009). Moreland (2009)...
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...Journal of Accounting, Ethics & Public Policy Volume 3, Number 1 (Winter 2003), pp. 1‐26 Ayn Rand and Contemporary Business Ethics Stephen R. C. Hicks Introduction: business and the free society Advocates of the free society think of business as an integral part of the dynamic, progressive society they advocate. In the West, the rise of a culture hospitable to business has unleashed incalculable productive energies. Business professionals have taken the products of science and revolutionized the fields of agriculture, transportation, and medicine. Business professionals have taken the products of art and dramatically increased our access to them. We have more food, we are more mobile, we have more health care, we have more access to works of fiction, theater, and music than anyone could reasonably have predicted a few centuries ago. The result of business in the West, and more recently in parts of the East, has been an enormous rise in the standard of human living. We have gone, in the space of a few centuries, from a time in which perhaps 10% of the population lived comfortably while 90% lived near subsistence to a time in which 90% live better than comfortably and 10% live near subsistence. And we haven’t given up on the remaining 10%. Intellectuals who study the free society have, in the fields of economics and politics, a good understanding of what makes this possible: individualism. In economics there exists a well worked out understanding of ...
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...Case #1: Triple H Film Productions Part 2: MANAGEMENT ISSUES A. i. What is a company? A voluntary association formed and organized to carry on a business. Types of companies include sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability, corporation, and public limited company. Implication of Limited Liability: Limited Liability Companies, much like corporation, provide protection for their owners. If the organization has debts that it cannot pay, the individual owners will not be held responsible for those debts. If the organization has to file bankruptcy the individual owners are still not personally responsible for any of the liabilities that the organization has. Owners can choose to have profits distributed anyway they would like. This means, whatever percentage of profits they want to give to each member, they have the flexibility to do so. Reduction in paperwork. The tedious meetings and note-taking that are required by corporate entities are not required by an LLC. There are no board meetings or quarterly meetings required. There are no quarterly or semi-annual reports that are necessary for the IRS. There is no double taxation. You do not have to pay taxes on your corporate profits, as well as on profits that pass through to your members. You only pay taxes once, and that is on those profits that are given to individual members Longevity of the company is based on the life of the members. The company will dissolve if a member goes bankrupt or passes...
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...the aforementioned phrases. However, what are they classified as? Do these expressions deal with morality, ethics, or both? Although these terms are often confused, morality and ethics are very distinct. On the surface this terminology may seem analogous, but their definitions are quite dissimilar. Morality and ethics are major components when examining the decision making of corporations. Despite having different meanings, morality and ethics are interrelated words that play a major part in business organizations. Morality The term morality deals with an individual or groups interpretation of what is right and wrong. In fact, it can be defined as the standards that a group or individual has about what is good and evil or right and wrong (Velasquez, 2006). Morals for the most part, are fairly unwavering within a group. The vast majority of people would agree that it is wrong or immoral to murder, steal, lie, or cheat. These are examples of moral standards. Moral standards are described as the types of behaviors or actions believed to be morally good or bad (Velasquez, 2006). There is also what is known as nonmoral standards. These principles judge what is good or bad in a nonmoral way such as good grammar or proper etiquette (Velasquez, 2006). In addition to understanding the meaning of morality, it is important to understand where these standards come from. Morality comes from many different influences in a person’s life. These standards are usually absorbed as...
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...22/03/2014 Lecture outline Teaching and Learning in COMM101 What is a Corporation? The Business of Business Sources of Morality The Importance of Moral Principles Past Cohort Performances HD Autumn 2013 (607) Spring 2012 (440) Autumn 2012 (674) Spring 2011 (528) 15% 6% 13% 13% D 31% 25% 28% 22% C 32% 34% 29% 25% P 12% 19% 18% 25% F 8% 10% 7% 9% TF 2% 5% 3% 6% Avg. 69.75 65.36 69.02 65.88 Autumn 2011 (701) 10% 24% 26% 25% 7% 6% 65.38 1 22/03/2014 Critical elements in a teaching episode people learning processes context learning outcomes Adapted from Biggs and Tang, 2007 T & L Challenges in COMM101 Interdisciplinary subject Based on ethics Subjective Multiple perspectives A feeder subject for other faculty subjects Questions for teachers... 1. How do we know whether learning is occurring in the subject? 2. What is my (implicit) theory of learning? 2 22/03/2014 Students’ developmental journey Developmental Level Reliance on external [Foundations] Student traits Knowledge viewed as certain references Reliance on authorities (e.g. professors, parents) as source of knowledge Externally defined value system and identity Act in relationships to acquire approval At the crossroads Evolving awareness of multiple perspectives [Intermediate Learning] and uncertainty Evolving awareness of own values and identity and of limitations of dependent relationships Self-authorship [Capstone] Awareness of knowledge...
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...Cynthia Crawford MGT 216 January 6, 2011 Frederick Pringle Today’s business world is experiencing changes concerning ethics. This paper will give an overview of the differences between moral and ethical issues pertaining to the business world and review differences between personal and business ethics. Finally, I will give real-world examples of common ethical problems past and present in the business world. According to DeGeorge, “Morality consists of rules of human behavior and specifies that certain actions are wrong or immoral and that others are right or moral” (p. 6). Issues of morality are often linked to religion. Moral issues can have serious or immediate effects. Moral issues deal with personal values established by individuals’ upbringing and background. Moral issues are also dependent upon ones social background. Moral views are on a broader level than ethics. According to Shaw and Barry, “Business ethics are mainly concerned with morality in the narrow sense.” Etiquette can have an interaction with morality depending upon the situation. Ethics is refers to a philosophy dealing with values relating to human conduct, with respect to the rightness and wrongness of certain actions and to the goodness a badness of the motives and ends of such actions (Gale, par 1). Ethical issues generally deal with the breaking of laws and rules established by a governing board for an organization. Ethical issues have become more complex because of global business...
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...some act of rebellion in order to achieve a state of extra-morality. According to Nietzsche, the way in which the rational man invests reason was by creating illusions to deceive society. The rational man may not have been powerful, but the illusion created by him portrayed strength. The only way in which the rational man would gain power would be to get people to believe these illusions as truth. Nietzsche states: What then is truth? A moveable host of metaphors, metonymies, and anthropomorphisms: in short, a sum of human relations which have been poetically and rhetorically intensified, transferred and embellished, and which, after long usage, seem to a people to be fixed, canonical, and binding. (67) This is the thesis statement of Nietzsche’s essay. Essentially, Nietzsche is arguing that all human language and concepts are metaphors that do not convey reality. Although man has created these concepts to facilitate communication amongst the people, they have forgotten the fact that all words are just metaphors which do not represent truth. Nietzsche points out that truths are just illusion that we have forgotten are illusions (67). An example of this would be the introduction of the concepts surrounding science or accounting. Science was created using a language that only scientist understood. The same goes for accounting, which was created to keep track of a business financially. Both science and accounting have been around for so long that that they have been accepted...
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...their needs. We also honor quality work and try to be understanding and take time to make each of our customers feel like they are special because they are special without them we would not have a business. I am not sure what specific benefits that I hope to receive from this class but I do believe that it will help me learn more about how to be a successful business owner. 1(B) Based upon what you have read so far, how do you think the study of ethics might be different from other courses you have taken? How does that modify your approach to the course? My Answer: I believe that it is going to be different because we are learning about ethics and conduct where with other classes we learned about what to do in a business such as accounting and such. With this class we get the chance to learn how to act and treat others in a business way. I believe that everyone who is a business owner should take this class to learn about how to suceed with a positive conduct and morals. It makes me want to pay closer attention and learn everything that I can because even tho I consider myself to be a very likable person I know that there is always something new to learn and in business things are a little different then it is with friends. 1(C) The Syllabus says that an objective for this week is to be able to describe...
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...Jennifer Cooper The Reflections of Life’s Existence PHIL201 –Introduction to Philosophy July 31, 2014 Abstract The discussion of life’s questions is not easy. Philosophers use many points to prove their arguments. The debates of how and why we make our decisions will go on as long as we are around to research ourselves. Philosophers use metaphysics to study the world around us using science and knowledge. Epistemology is the study of how we gather knowledge and how it is trusted. Ethics is the framework by which people make decisions of right and wrong. Ethics also deals with individual, social, and cultural moralities. The Reflections of Life’s Existence Introduction Why do we care about the meaning of life? Do we need to ponder questions about our existence in order to be happy? Scientists and philosophers have pondered these questions and tried to find answers to concerns about free will and do we have a soul. They also have deliberated about how reason effects our decisions and if ethics plays a role in how humans interact. Do people with higher morals make for happier people? Metaphysics: What is real and how do we know the correct reality? Metaphysics is the study of reality and how we understand the world around us explained using science and reason. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP) explains (n.d.) Aristotle believed that we perceive our world around us with our eyes. We are visual creatures. That is why sight is so important and...
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...1. What does the term ethics mean to you? Do you see a difference between ethics and morality? Explain your answer. When it comes to ethics in business, many companies are famous for their downfall due to poor ethics. A recent example of this is Enron and the accounting fraud that took place. The term ethics can have multiple meanings, and can often be thought of as morality. To me, the definition of ethics is the ability to judge what is right or wrong concerning human behavior. Human behavior includes individuals, and also groups of people or organizations. As described in the textbook, the term ethics and morals can be used interchangeably. However, the definition of morality at least to me, is culturally acceptable practices that have been passed down through the generations. Being that scholars are using the two terms interchangeably as time passes, it is completely understandable as to why this is happening, as the two definitions are very similar in character. Ethics being the judgment of right and wrong versus a passed down culturally acceptable practice is how the two definitions are different. Because of this reason, I feel that the two are not exactly the same and should not be used interchangeably. There are five approaches to ethics and how they are viewed in the world. The first of these approaches is Utilitarianism. This approach is based upon the basis that something should be done with the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Kant’s Categorical...
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...have been much debate on the ethics and morality of capitalism and some insistence on changing the rules (Miliband) through more government intervention. This is based on the argument that the system depends on the ethical behaviours of executive ceo’s honesty and integrity, most of which is responsible for the financial crisis of 2007. An example, the unethical conducts of giving mortgages to unqualified borrowers to earn large fees and accounting frauds in the 2000s by large companies such as Enron, Health south and WorldCom. Also moral issues on the fairness in terms of profit making, freedom in terms of individual’s choice between starvation and the acceptance of whatever wage offered and the effects of competition between large companies have been questioned. These incidents have drawn heavily the disadvantages of the free market system, as companies cannot be trusted to allocate resources on the best interest of society. Milton Friedman asserts capitalism to be based on greed and does not reward virtue. What the system lacks is ethical decision making as Okri (2008) states, “individualism has risen almost to a religion and appearance made more important than substance”. However, the advantage of the free market system outweighs the disadvantages. Capitalism compared to other economic system produces more wealth and rewards individuals with wealth through hard work (conservapedia, 2012). Also the greatest benefit of capitalism is human choice. Individuals are free to...
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