... SAMPLE ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES MANUAL Adopted May 20XX TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.00 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 1.01 Tax Status and Purpose 1 1.02 Service Area 1 2.00 CHART OF ACCOUNTS 2.01 Assets 2 2.02 Liabilities 2 2.03 Net Assets (Fund Balance) 2 2.04 Revenues 2 2.05 Expenses 2 2.06 Cost Centers 2 3.00 ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES AND PROCEDURES 3.10 Policies 3 3.20 Procedures 3.21 Revenue Recognition 3 3.22 Matching of Revenues and Expenses 3 3.23 Fixed Assets and Depreciation 3 3.24 Donated Materials and Services 4 3.25 Data Cutoff 4 4.00 CASH DISBURSEMENTS 4.10 Policies 5 4.20 Procedures 4.21 Capital Acquisitions 5 4.22 Supplies, Services, and Other Invoices 5 4.23 Invoice Payment Procedures 6 4.24 Payroll 6 5.00 CASH RECEIPTS 5.10 Policies 7 5.20 Procedures 7 6.00 BANK RECONCILIATION 6.10 Policies 8 6.20 Procedures 8 7.00 END OF MONTH ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES 7.10 Policies 9 7.20 Procedures 9 8.00 END OF YEAR ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES 8.10 Policies 10 8.20 Procedures 10 8.21 Financial Audit 10 9.00 COST ALLOCATIONS 9.10 Policies 12 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) 10.00 INVESTMENTS 10.10 Policies 13 10.20 Procedures 13 11.00 DEBT 11.10 Policies 14 11.20 Procedures 14 12.00 RESERVES AND DESIGNATED FUNDS 12.10 Policies 15 12.20 Procedures 15 13...
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...How to Manage Cash Account and Transactions in NGOs – NGO Financial Management Policy Cash payments need to be documented firmly by NGOs in their financial management policy. Since small sums of cash payments are common on a day-to-day basis, a certain procedure needs to be developed and mentioned in the policy manual. An example is given below: “3. Cash Handling 3.1 Cash Account and Transactions Cash transactions are to be resorted only for petty expenses and when /where banking facilities are not available. As per Income Tax Rules, no claim exceeding $______ should be settled through cash payments. These should invariably be by account payee checks only. As a matter of procedure and control, the attempt should be to minimize the number of cash transactions. 3.2 Daily Cash Balance The denomination of the closing balance of the cash should be entered below this and signed by the Accountant. This register has to be maintained from the beginning of the financial year. A fresh register has to be started at the beginning of every financial year. Maximum and minimum cash limits have been fixed as: maximum $______ and minimum $______. 3.3 Withdrawal of Cash from Bank a) The Cash Withdrawal Form/Money Indent to be filled up and signed by the staff handling cash. b) The cash balance available and the estimated expenses would need to be computed. c) The authorized persons must verify the requirement before signing the check for withdrawal of cash. d) The signature of the person presenting...
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...requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Topics | Possible Action Items for Banks | Public Company Accounting Oversight Board | Establishment and operation | Prior to audit work done by an external auditor, confirm that the audit firm plans to register with the Public Oversight Board.Once rules for registering are in place, confirm that the audit firm is registered and is in compliance and good standing with the Public Oversight Board rules. | Auditor Independence | Segregation of audit and other services | Request that the bank’s accounting department determine what payments have been made and/or agreements signed with accounting firms for services other than financial statement audits. Determine whether those functions need to be performed on an ongoing basis and, if so, prioritize such services to evaluate whether the services should be performed by a different firm.Discuss with the audit committee any non-audit services that need to be continued by the external audit firm and request approval.Establish procedures for a single member of the audit committee to approve of non-audit services that may need to be performed by external audit firm. | | Rotation | Inform the audit committee that the external audit partner and reviewing partner will rotate every 5 years. | Corporate Governance | Board of directors | Amend the audit committee charter or description to acknowledge that the public accounting firm reports directly to the audit committee and that the audit committee...
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...An Internship Report On Audit Procedure of UHY Syful Shamsul Alam & Co. and A Comparative Analysis on IFRS (IAS) and AAOIFI on Financial Reporting Issues Department of Finance Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka An Internship Report On Audit Procedure of UHY Syful Shamsul Alam & Co. and A Comparative Analysis on IFRS (IAS) and AAOIFI on Financial Reporting Issues (As partial fulfillment of BBA Program) Submitted To Department of Finance University of Dhaka Supervised By Taher Jamil Lecturer Department of Finance University of Dhaka Submitted By Md. Rased Mosarraf ID: 16-062 Department of Finance University of Dhaka Date of Submission: May 22, 2014. Letter of Transmittal May 22, 2014. Taher Jamil Lecturer Department of Finance University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of internship report. Dear Sir, I have the pleasure to submit an Internship Report after completing a successful three month Internship attachment at a CA firm named “UHY Syful Shamsul Alam & Co.” on “Audit Procedure of UHY Syful Shamsul Alam& Co. and A Comparative Analysis on IFRS (IAS) and AAOIFI on Financial Reporting Issues”. I have concentrated my best effort to achieve the objectives of the report and hope that my endeavor will serve the purpose. The practical knowledge and experience gathered during report preparation will immeasurably help in my future professional life. I will be obliged if you kindly approved this endeavor...
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...categories: 1) Internal Control and 2) Substantive Audit Procedures. This information is to be used to complete the exercises for this assignment. Relevant Information Internal Control Peach Blossom Cologne Company’s general disbursement checking account (account number 101) is with the Big City National Bank, Main at Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. It is used for all cash receipts and disbursements transactions. The following internal control questionnaire pertaining to cash receipts, cash disbursements, and cash balances was completed by Jasper Parsons on December 15, 2009. Review this questionnaire carefully along with the Permanent File material describing the control environment, as well as the accounting and control procedures related to the various cash subsystems. Your firm has found that personnel involved in this area are generally competent. As you read this material and analyze the internal control questionnaire, keep in mind the six control procedure categories: (1) segregation of duties, (2) access, (3) authorization, (4) input controls, (5) processing controls, and (6) output controls. Then consider possible errors or irregularities that could occur in the accounting system related to cash transactions and balances. Typical errors or irregularities involving cash receipts, disbursements, and balances include: Cash Receipts 1. Cash receipts may have been deposited in the bank but not recorded in the cash receipts journal. 2. Cash receipts...
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...customer’s order, checking and approving the customer credit and checking inventory control. The second basic activity in the revenue cycle is by filling the customer orders and shipping the desired merchandise. It is entail two step that is picking and packing the order also shipping the order. The third basic activity in the revenue cycle involves billing customers and updating the account receivables. The last step in revenue cycle is cash collections in which involve handling the customer remittance and depositing remittance in the bank. Basically, this case is about an audit process made to our client in term of its process of sales and cash receipts document as well as in shipping and billing system. Based on this case, we had made an audit process on the sales order entry, cash receipt, shipping and billing of the client transaction of business. We had discovered the weaknesses of its internal control system revealed from the client’s procedures on documenting of sales and cash receipt also omission from shipping and billing system. PART I: SALES AND CASH RECEIPT SYSTEM SALE DEPARMENT | Mail Clerk | Sales...
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...Chapter 7 – Internal Controls • Key topics: • Know the broad definition of internal control and its purposes, including the objective that is particularly relevant to an audit (i.e. reliability of financial reporting) A process, effected by the entity's board of directors, management, and other personnel, designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of objectives relating to operations (effective and efficient operations), reporting (accurate financial reporting) and compliance (compliance with laws and regulations) • Describe the 5 components of internal control, related examples of each, and how each contributes to the overall control system within an entity (CRIME) 1. Control Environment: The foundation for the other internal control components; it is defined by the standards, processes, and structures that guide individuals in carrying out their duties. Basic principles include: Commitment to integrity and ethical values, Board of directors demonstrates independence from management and exercises effective oversight of internal control, Establishment of effective structure, including reporting lines, and appropriate authorities and responsibilities, Commitment to attract, develop, and retain competent employees, and Holding employees accountable for internal control responsibilities. 2. Risk Assessment: Risk assessment is management's process for identifying, analyzing, and responding to risks from internal and external sources that threaten...
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...ACCT 212 Final Exam (DEVRY) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com Tutorial Purchased: 4 Times, Rating: A+ At the end of the period it is necessary to close all temporary accounts. (1) Explain why this process is required (10 points) and (2) provide an example of the closing of an expense account, Supplies Expense in the form of a journal entry 2. (TCO 2) As required to complete Course Project 1, one must follow the cycle that includes 10 steps to complete the accounting cycle. (1) Explain how to construct an Unadjusted Trial Balance (10 points) and (2) provide an example of the application of the debit/credit rules in the development of the trial balance (TCO 5) Internal Control Procedures are required to safeguard company assets and to ensure ethical operation of the business. (1) Explain how limited access can satisfy the purpose of internal control (10 points) and (2) provide an example of how this control could be implemented 4. (TCO 4) Inventory valuation methods determine the cost of goods sold and the inventory balance. (1) Explain how the Last in First out (LIFO) method is applied (10 points) and (2) provide an example of the impact that this method of inventory valuation will have on Gross Profit 5. (TCO 1) To evaluate the financial operation and health of a business ratio analysis is used. (1) Provide the formula for the Acid-test (or Quick) Ratio and explain how it is computed (10 points) and (2) provide an example of how this ratio can be used...
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...ACCT 212 Final Exam (DEVRY) For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com Tutorial Purchased: 4 Times, Rating: A+ At the end of the period it is necessary to close all temporary accounts. (1) Explain why this process is required (10 points) and (2) provide an example of the closing of an expense account, Supplies Expense in the form of a journal entry 2. (TCO 2) As required to complete Course Project 1, one must follow the cycle that includes 10 steps to complete the accounting cycle. (1) Explain how to construct an Unadjusted Trial Balance (10 points) and (2) provide an example of the application of the debit/credit rules in the development of the trial balance (TCO 5) Internal Control Procedures are required to safeguard company assets and to ensure ethical operation of the business. (1) Explain how limited access can satisfy the purpose of internal control (10 points) and (2) provide an example of how this control could be implemented 4. (TCO 4) Inventory valuation methods determine the cost of goods sold and the inventory balance. (1) Explain how the Last in First out (LIFO) method is applied (10 points) and (2) provide an example of the impact that this method of inventory valuation will have on Gross Profit 5. (TCO 1) To evaluate the financial operation and health of a business ratio analysis is used. (1) Provide the formula for the Acid-test (or Quick) Ratio and explain how it is computed (10 points) and (2) provide an example of how this ratio can be used...
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...evidence by examining the processing of related transactions through the accounting system from their origin to their ultimate disposition in the accounting journals and ledgers. Thus, the auditor can examine an accounting transaction from the time it is initiated by the entity until its final recording in the financial statement accounts. 4-2 The financial statements contain management's assertions about the various financial statement components. The auditor tests management’s assertions by conducting audit procedures that provide evidence on whether each relevant assertion is supported. The results from applying audit procedures provide the evidence that supports the fair presentation of management’s assertions and the auditor's report (see Figure 4-1). 4-3 Assertions about classes of transactions and events for the period under audit: Assertion Definition Occurrence Transactions and events that have been recorded have occurred and pertain to the entity (sometime referred to as validity). Completeness All transactions and events that should have been recorded have been recorded. Authorization All transactions and events have been properly authorized. Accuracy Amounts and other data relating to recorded transactions and events have been recorded appropriately and properly accumulated from journals and ledgers. Cutoff Transactions and events have been recorded in the correct accounting period. Classification Transactions and events have been recorded in the...
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...E. AUDIT EVIDENCE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. The Use of Assertions by Auditor Audit Procedures The Audit of Specific Items Audit Sampling and Other means of Testing Computer-Assisted Audit Techniques Not-for-Profit Organisations The Use of Assertions by Auditor What are substantive procedures? Substantive procedures are tests to obtain audit evidence to detect material misstatements in the financial statements. Substantive procedures generally include analytical procedures and test of detail of transactions, account balances and disclosures. What are the assertions used by auditors? Hint: PROVE Presentation and disclosures (or Classification and understandability) Records completeness, accuracy, cut-off (correct accounting period) Obligation (or rights and obligation) Valuation and allocation Existence Audit Procedures What are some of the typical audit tests? Confirming compliance with law and accounting standards Reviewing notes for understandability Reviewing of post year-end items Cut-off testing Analytical review Confirmations Reconciliations to control accounts Recalculation of correct amounts Third party confirmation Reviewing invoices for proof that item belongs to the company Matching amounts to invoices Confirming accounting policy consistent and reasonable Reviewing post year-end payments and invoices Expert valuation Physical verification Inspection...
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...visit www.tutorialrank.com Tutorial Purchased: 3 Times, Rating: A (TCO 1) The Accounting Equation is used to develop the organizations financial reports. (1) Describe what owners' equity values would be if Assets are $100,000 and Liabilities are $27,000 by showing the Accounting Equation (10 points) and (2) provide an explanation of what accounts could be found in owners' equity. (10 points) (TCO 1) The financial statements present a company to the public in financial terms. (1) Which financial statement identifies where cash was generated and where it was spent during the year (10 points) and (2) identify the three major parts of this statement. (10 points) (TCO 1) The accounting profession follows a set of guidelines for measurement and disclosure of financial information called the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). (1) Explain what the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are (10 points) and (2) provide an example of its application. (10 points) (TCO 2) Transaction analysis results in the development of a journal entry. Supplies are purchased on account agreeing to pay $500 within 30 days. (1) Name the accounts impacted and how using the format account name/debit or credit/dollar amount (10 points) and (2) explain how the Accounting Equation is impacted. (10 points) (TCO 3) Adjusting Entries are required at the end of the period to ensure that accrual accounting principles are applied. At the beginning of the month $1,350 of office supplies...
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...com/shop/acct-212-devry/acct-212-week-4-midterm/ Or Visit www.hwcampus.com ACCT-212 Week 4 Midterm (TCO 1) The Accounting Equation is used to develop the organizations financial reports. (1) Describe what owners’ equity values would be if Assets are $100,000 and Liabilities are $27,000 by showing the Accounting Equation (10 points) and (2) provide an explanation of what accounts could be found in owners’ equity. (10 points) (TCO 1) The financial statements present a company to the public in financial terms. (1) Which financial statement identifies where cash was generated and where it was spent during the year (10 points) and (2) identify the three major parts of this statement. (10 points) (TCO 1) The accounting profession follows a set of guidelines for measurement and disclosure of financial information called the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). (1) Explain what the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are (10 points) and (2) provide an example of its application. (10 points) (TCO 2) Transaction analysis results in the development of a journal entry. Supplies are purchased on account agreeing to pay $500 within 30 days. (1) Name the accounts impacted and how using the format account name/debit or credit/dollar amount (10 points) and (2) explain how the Accounting Equation is impacted. (10 points) (TCO 3) Adjusting Entries are required at the end of the period to ensure that accrual accounting principles are applied. At the beginning of the month $1,350 of office supplies...
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...com/shop/acct-212-devry/acct-212-week-4-midterm/ Or Visit www.hwcampus.com ACCT-212 Week 4 Midterm (TCO 1) The Accounting Equation is used to develop the organizations financial reports. (1) Describe what owners’ equity values would be if Assets are $100,000 and Liabilities are $27,000 by showing the Accounting Equation (10 points) and (2) provide an explanation of what accounts could be found in owners’ equity. (10 points) (TCO 1) The financial statements present a company to the public in financial terms. (1) Which financial statement identifies where cash was generated and where it was spent during the year (10 points) and (2) identify the three major parts of this statement. (10 points) (TCO 1) The accounting profession follows a set of guidelines for measurement and disclosure of financial information called the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). (1) Explain what the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are (10 points) and (2) provide an example of its application. (10 points) (TCO 2) Transaction analysis results in the development of a journal entry. Supplies are purchased on account agreeing to pay $500 within 30 days. (1) Name the accounts impacted and how using the format account name/debit or credit/dollar amount (10 points) and (2) explain how the Accounting Equation is impacted. (10 points) (TCO 3) Adjusting Entries are required at the end of the period to ensure that accrual accounting principles are applied. At the beginning of the month $1,350 of office supplies...
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...com/shop/acct-212-devry/acct-212-week-4-midterm/ Or Visit www.hwcampus.com ACCT-212 Week 4 Midterm (TCO 1) The Accounting Equation is used to develop the organizations financial reports. (1) Describe what owners’ equity values would be if Assets are $100,000 and Liabilities are $27,000 by showing the Accounting Equation (10 points) and (2) provide an explanation of what accounts could be found in owners’ equity. (10 points) (TCO 1) The financial statements present a company to the public in financial terms. (1) Which financial statement identifies where cash was generated and where it was spent during the year (10 points) and (2) identify the three major parts of this statement. (10 points) (TCO 1) The accounting profession follows a set of guidelines for measurement and disclosure of financial information called the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). (1) Explain what the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are (10 points) and (2) provide an example of its application. (10 points) (TCO 2) Transaction analysis results in the development of a journal entry. Supplies are purchased on account agreeing to pay $500 within 30 days. (1) Name the accounts impacted and how using the format account name/debit or credit/dollar amount (10 points) and (2) explain how the Accounting Equation is impacted. (10 points) (TCO 3) Adjusting Entries are required at the end of the period to ensure that accrual accounting principles are applied. At the beginning of the month $1,350 of office supplies...
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