...Based on the findings, correlation between addiction to computer games and physical complains, anxiety and sleep disorder, disorder in social functioning and depression were significant in level. Therefore, there was a direct relationship between addiction to computer games and physical disorders such as anxiety, sleep disorder and depression. But, there was a positive correlation between addiction to computer games and social dysfunction. In other words, based on coefficient of determination, 4% variance of addiction to computer games is common with physical disorder, 12% with anxiety and sleep disorder, 1% with disorder of social functioning and 6% with depression. Correlation coefficient between addiction to computer games and health dimensions Based on the findings, correlation between addiction to computer games and physical complains, anxiety and sleep disorder, social dysfunction and depression were significant in level. Therefore, there was a direct relationship between addiction to computer games and physical disorder, anxiety, sleep disorder and depression. But, the relationship between addiction to computer games and social dysfunction is reverse. In other words, based on coefficient of determination, 5% variance of addiction to computer games is common with physical disorder, 19% with anxiety and sleep disorder, 2% with disorder of social functioning and 10% with depression. Correlation coefficient between addiction to computer games and health dimensions in male...
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...Internet Addiction and Depression, Anxiety and Stress ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between internet addiction and depression, anxiety, and stress. Participants were 300 university students who were enrolled in mid-size state University, in Turkey. In this study, the Online Cognition Scale and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale were used. In correlation analysis, internet addiction was found positively related to depression, anxiety, and stress. According to path analysis results, depression, anxiety, and stress were predicted positively by internet addiction. This research shows that internet addiction has a direct impact on depression, anxiety, and stress. INTRODUCTION Cyber space is a virtual space in which we communicate with other people on the network due to the wide distribution of computers. Cyber space has appeared as a new environment basically different from the physical space in which we live. However, the advancement of Internet technology not only brings benefits, but also negative results. Of these negative aspects, excessive Internet use is increasing dramatically. Typical Internet behaviors included revolving around the PC rooms, participating in chat rooms, checking e-mailbox too many times, playing online games, and surfing pornographic contents. Internet addiction is described as an impulse control disorder that does not involve use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to pathological gambling (Young, 1996)...
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...BETWEEN INTERNET ADDICTION AND ANXIETY IN THE UNIVERSITIES STUDENTS Jalalinejad Razieh M.A in Clinical psychology School of Educational Sciences and Ppsychology, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran . Ghasempoor, Ali .(Corresponding Author) Faculty Member,Departmnet of Education, Payame Noor University, PO Box: 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran. Ajdari, Zaman Master of Science of Educational Administration, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Sadeghigooghari,Narjesskhatoon Faculty member, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Abstract The present study was conducted in order to investigate not only the prevalence of internet addiction among the girls and boys students in the universities students, but also the relationship between internet addictions with anxiety. Participants were 330 students who randomly selected from universities students. The Questionnaires of internet addiction and anxiety scale were used as instruments for data collection in this study. The data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, T-test and regression analysis. The results of this study demonstrated that prevalence of internet addiction among boys' students in student universities was more than girls and in science and engineering students was more than art and humanity students. There was a significant difference in four groups in anxieties .The result of regression analysis showed that anxiety, sex and could significantly predict internet addiction. Keywords: Internet...
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...Phobias and Addiction Rachael Thomas PSY/300 January 26, 2014 Professor Chung Phobias and Addiction Webster Dictionary defines phobia as “a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that leads to compelling desire to avoid it” ("PHOBIA," n.d) Whereas Addiction is defined as “the state of being enslaved to a habit or practice or something that is psychologically or physical habit-forming, as narcotics, to such extent its cessation causes severe trauma” ("addiciton," n.d). So can a phobia be classical condition or an addiction be operant conditioned into existence? Some scientists believe that it can, but then the question is what is operant and classical conditioning? Also what is extinction mean and how is it achieved in both conditions? These are the topics I will be answer and I will also be giving examples to each phobia and addiction that can happen through classical and operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning “Classical conditioning is when an environmental stimulus leads to a learned response through pairing of an unconditioned stimulus” (Kowalski & Westen, 2009). For example Ivan Pavlov experiment with dogs. He did a study based on dogs and conditioning them to salivate by hearing a bell or a fork being pinged. Basically he would give dogs food after the bell rang. So after a couple tries he would then noticed that the dogs would salivate even without food present if they heard the bell. Another example of classical...
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...journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/soscij Addiction to mobile text messaging applications is nothing to “lol” aboutଝ Abdullah J. Sultan ∗ Department of Management and Marketing, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5486, Safat 13055, Kuwait a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 3 December 2012 Received in revised form 5 September 2013 Accepted 5 September 2013 Available online 2 October 2013 Keywords: Text messaging Social communication Social phobia and anxiety Addiction Extraversion a b s t r a c t The recent use of mobile text messaging applications, such as Blackberry Messenger (BBM) and WhatsApp, has increased greatly throughout the world. Unfortunately, this advanced technology is not without problems. In this study, the researcher argues that BBM and WhatsApp may generate noticeable improvements in consumer’s lives but may simultaneously cause serious social and personal problems, including addiction to these applications. Amazingly, this topic has received little if any attention from consumer behaviorists, who need to understand the psychological factors that affect BBM and WhatsApp consumers. Hence, the current research examines two personality traits—extraversion and social anxiety—that influence consumer attitudes toward these applications. The results of a survey from 552 BBM and WhatsApp consumers in Kuwait indicate that the interaction effect of extraversion and social anxiety is significantly related to consumer attitudes ...
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...Analyzing Psychological Disorders Introduction Many people do not realize how biology can play a role in psychological activities and disorders. Biology is a key aspect of psychology. Understanding the role of biology in behavior and cognitive abilities will create a better understanding of the disorder a person may have. Part A: Schizophrenia “Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disorder that has affected people throughout history. About one percent of Americans have this illness” (National Institute of Mental Health, 2009). This illness affects a large portion of the brain and is known to be associated with wide spread brain damage. The first studies of the brains affected by schizophrenia reported a reduced brain size. Other studies have shown widespread neuron loss and abnormalities of neuron structure and circuitry in several parts of the brain (Pinel, 2011). Schizophrenic is such a complex disorder and it has many different symptoms. Symptoms related to this disorder include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thoughts and incoherent speech, and odd behavior; these symptoms are known as positive symptoms. Negative symptoms of this disorder include a reduction or lack of emotional expression, lack of speech, lack of motivation, and the inability to experience pleasure (Pinel, 2011). Because this illness has so many symptoms that are also associated with other disorders, it has been difficult to accurately define the illness and identify the exact...
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...Computer Game Addiction Stats and Research * Personality traits like trait anxiety, sensation seeking, neuroticism, and aggression appear to be related to the development of gaming addiction. Mehroof, M et al. (2010). Online gaming addiction: The role of sensation seeking, self-control, neuroticism, aggression, state anxiety, and trait anxiety. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 13, 313-316. * Regions of the brain associated with cravings in substance abuse also appear to be activated in gaming addicts when they view images of video games. Ko, C. et al. (2009). Brain activities associated with gaming urge of online gaming addiction. Journal or Psychiatric Research, 43, 739-747. * There is a difference between "excessive gaming" and "addictive gaming". Two gamers may play for an identical number of hours each day, but their psychological motivation and the meaning that gaming has within their lives can be very different. Gaming addiction should be defined by how much the game negatively impacts others areas of life, not by how much time is spent playing. Griffiths, M et al. (2010). The role of context in online gaming excess and addiction: Some case study evidence. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 8, 119-125. * In a volunteer sample, 41% of online gamers acknowledged that they use gaming as an escape. In the same sample, 7% were viewed as "dependent". These gamers possessed several behavioral attributes that...
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...Addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences (“Drug Abuse”). It is considered a brain disease because drugs change the brain; they change its structure and how it works.Drug Addiction affects more people than you know it. It can hurt the people around you and even yourself physically, mentally, and emotionally. Many unfortunate factors cause one to fall into drug addiction, but many ways exist for recovery. One way that can cause addiction is peer pressure. It has a big impact on many people and their lives. “Saying “yes” or “no” on the spur of the moment works pretty well most of the time. But big decisions need a little more attention and...
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...Phobias and Addictions PSY/300 July 29, 2013 Abstract Week Two of PSY/300, which is the General Psychology class, has an assignment of writing a paper regarding phobias and addictions. It includes the meanings and the differences between classical conditioning and operant conditioning. The paper explains what phobias are as compared to addictions and how each of them affects behavior in individuals. It also explains what classical conditioning means to phobias as well as what operant conditioning means to addictions. Phobias and Addictions Every person is in one way or another, conditioned by either operant or classical conditioning. Phobias develop through classical conditioning, whereas addictions develop through operant conditioning. The classical conditioning theory involves learning a new behavior via the process of association, (McLeod, 2012). Operant conditioning is the other type of conditioning whereas an individual learns through a reward system. It is more or less association made between behavior and consequence of that behavior. Phobias and addictions develop through these two types of conditioning. Phobias develop through classical conditioning and addictions through operant conditioning. Through the past decades, psychologists studied these two relationships to develop a more understanding of these emotional disorders. Phobias and addictions are negative behaviors and usually come from classical conditioning or operant conditioning. Phobias happen...
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...treatment plans for anxiety disorders. There are two main paths that can be taken, either with prescription medication or the therapeutic paths. There are three types of prescription medicines when it comes to mood disorders: mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and antidepressants. The first step is for the doctor to determine the severity of the disorder. That will determine which medicine and the dosage. While this is done with all prescriptions, it is essential and different with mood disorders due to the fact that it is easy for one factor to upset the whole person. Also, this helps with determining which of the three types of medication to use. Thankfully research has expanded and “The...
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...describe them as having a dual diagnosis disorder. Many people in recovery struggle with feelings of depression and anxiety before, during and after rehab. Additionally, many people who have a dual diagnosis struggle with bipolar disorder, panic disorder, schizophrenia and other personality disorders. If you find yourself fighting behavioral health issues at any stage of your recovery process, you are not alone. Understanding Dual Diagnosis and Mental Health Problems in Recovery For many people with major behavioral health disorders, self-medication leads to addiction. Frequently, the symptoms of mental health disorders are uncomfortable and alarming, particularly for people who have bipolar disorder, schizophrenia or other personality disorders. Drinking or using drugs can be a way of coping and calming down symptoms such as voices, hallucinations or delusions. In fact, it is common for people to be diagnosed with mental health problems when they are in recovery for substance abuse. Qualified behavioral health professionals are able to help patients understand their illness and learn healthy coping mechanism that can reduce symptoms. For people with dual diagnosis, recovery can be extremely challenging. As a result, it is extremely important to remain in treatment and build a strong support group and relapse prevention plan. Depression and Anxiety Depression is one of the most common mental health problems for people, not only those in recovery. Feelings of depression...
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...Phobias and Addictions PSY300 Phobias and Addictions In today’s society, many individuals suffer from phobias and addictions. Phobias and addictions are typically paired because those with an addiction began with a phobia they were unaware of. Phobias and addictions should be fragmented into two groups of conditioning with the effects each partakes on an individual: classical and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning occurs when an individual discovers how to respond to a stimulus in their atmosphere. Operant conditioning is when one responds to a reward or penalty. The foremost difference between classical and operant conditioning is the response and a stimulus, which can lead to addictions and phobias. Addictions An addiction is a determined behavior in wanting and needing something. Most know it can have unsympathetic consequences, but the individual will continue this behavior because of the addictions. Furthermore, the majority of addictions start with a satisfying involvement with something and desires to prolong or recreate the act. The addictive individual will endure the behavior with very little, if any self-discipline, even when it can become damaging or has already taken over their body. A person who is addicted will familiarize with desires and cravings to connect with the behavior and this need will build up, until the behavior kicks in again, typically feeling relief, and ecstasy (Grant, Potenza, Weinstein, & Gorelick, 2010). Additionally...
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...Phobias and Addictions PSY300 Phobias and Addictions Phobias and addictions are usually seen together because most people with an addition already had a phobia they may not have been aware of to begin with. To understand this they need to be broken down into both classical and operant conditioning and the effect each has on both phobias and addictions. Classical conditioning occurs when people learn to react to a stimulus in the environment whereas operant conditioning occurs when people react to a reward or punishment. The major difference between classical and operant conditioning lies in the nature of the response to a given stimulus. Addictions Addiction to anything comes from a persistent behavior that despite knowing it can have adverse consequences a person will continue this behavior. Most addictions start when someone has a pleasurable experience and wishes to continue or relive this experience. They will continue the behavior with little or no self-control even when it can become destructive. A person who is addicted will experience urges or cravings to engage in the behavior, which intensify until the he or she carries out the behavior again, usually experiencing relief, and elation (Grant, Potenza, Weinstein, &Gorelick, 2010). Addiction seeks immediate gratification of drives and impulses. Operant conditioning focuses on behavior that is voluntary such as gambling where this behavior is done for a reward. Sex addiction is a behavior...
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...these, is our modern mobile communication devices. For the purpose of this research paper we will primarily be focusing on the mobile phone, or cell phone which has reshaped the way we communicate on a personal and global scale. Being able to stay connected has never been as easy as it is today, which makes it even easier to see all of the benefits on communication advances have brought to our global community. However true this might be, while modern communication technology can help keep us as a people connected better than ever before, this same technology is having a negative effect on our social communication due to overuse which brings direct connections to depression which causes withdrawal from historical social norms, social anxiety particularly in young members of our society, as well its affect on many people's feeling of loneliness. Depression is a disorder that is part of our human nature. Depression is, according to Oyama (2015) “One of the most common psychiatric disorders to occur in most lifetimes, caused by biological, psychological, social, and/or environmental factors.” Depression itself is a deep seeded issue, that is not something that simply passes with time, but rather can last for long stretches of time and in most cases needs to be treated with therapy or in severe situations, medication. There are many causes of depression. One contributing factor to the onset of depression in today's society, is the overuse of mobile communication technologies...
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...ofInternet addiction can be defined as compulsive use that interferes with the natural flow of one's daily life, relationships or work. The organization also notes that Internet addiction is not yet formally identified as a psychological disorder. The concept of Internet addiction has gained popularity due to prevailing evidence that shows compulsive use can have a detrimental effect on the lifestyle and health of the individuals who are connected to it. Signs of Addiction People who have Internet addiction tend to have mixed feelings of both joy and guilt while on the computer. They generally lose track of time and neglect responsibilities. They uncontrollably use the computer to relieve stress, cheer up or for sexual gratification. They feel anxious or irritable when away from the computer and are more likely to alienate themselves from family and friends, generally preferring to make their social connections with strangers online. Social Effect Internet addiction can be a significant threat to one's health and social well-being in that it enforces antisocial behavior. The addiction can lead to the inability to communicate in the real world by depriving the addict of the daily practices involved with interpersonal communication. The act of using facial expressions or certain gestures to relay intended emotion or emphasize meaning decline as the addict substitutes keystrokes resembling smiley faces, or avatars. Socially, subjects become more inclined to develop personality...
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