...carbonyl’s electrophilic carbon atom perpendicular to the orbital demonstration sp2 hybridization of the carbonyl carbon structure. However, on the attack of the nucleophile, the hybridization of the carbon atom changes from sp2 hybridization of sp3 hybridization thereby forming tetrahedral alkoxide intermediate complex. This intermediate complex will take a proton from reaction medium to produce an electrically neutral compound. Hence, the reaction results in the addition of nucleophile and hydrogen in the carbon-oxygen double bond. Aldehyde and ketones demonstrate polar nature. Moreover, these compounds have a higher boiling point in comparison to hydrocarbons. However, aldehydes and ketones have lower boiling points in comparison to alcohols. The many reactions involving aldehydes and ketones are sufficient for different synthesis reactions. However, the majority of characteristics reactions of aldehydes and ketones involve a nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group. The general equation of the aldehyde and ketone are Reactivity of Aldehydes and Ketones Aldehydes are more reactive and readily undergo nucleophilic addition reactions in comparison to ketones. Aldehydes demonstrate more favorable equilibrium constants for addition reactions than ketones because of electronic and steric effect. In the case of ketones, two large substituents are present in the structure of ketones which causes steric hindrance when the nucleophile approaches the carbonyl carbon. However, aldehydes...
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...Journal of Behavioral Studies in Business Marketing to the Generations, Page 1 Marketing to the Generations Kaylene C. Williams California State University, Stanislaus Robert A. Page Southern Connecticut State University ABSTRACT Each generation has unique expectations, experiences, generational history, lifestyles, values, and demographics that influence their buying behaviors. Accordingly, many companies are reaching out to multi-generational consumers and trying to understand and gain the attention of these diverse buyers. Multi-generational marketing is the practice of appealing to the unique needs and behaviors of individuals within more than one specific generational group, with a generation being a group of individuals born and living about the same time [1]. This means that marketers need to understand the six U.S. generations: Pre-Depression Generation, Depression Generation, Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z. When a marketer factors in the different characteristics and behaviors of the generations, it should be easier to build relationships, gain trust, and close business. [2, 3] As such, an understanding of multigenerational marketing is very important to the marketer. The purpose of this paper is to describe briefly the U.S. generations in terms of the times in which they grew up as well as the characteristics, lifestyles, and attitudes of the group. However, the primary focus of the paper is to describe various marketing...
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...and young adults pay close attention to. The music industry, for instance, is one of the most prominent influential forms of mass media in our world today. Mainstream artists like Rihanna, Beyoncé, Taylor Swift, Britney Spears, the Jonas Brothers, T.I., Jason Derulo, Bow Wow, and Chris Brown are some of the most popular public figures to young adults in the Y Generation. They set examples for many teen girls and boys around the world, but the ladies’ curvy and petite figures and the rock hard abs, clear complexion, and nice hair of these male heartthrobs are not much help to the young teenage boys and girls who are constantly trying to be comfortable with their own physical features. These artists do serve as role models to many teenagers, so they are looked up to not only because of the decisions they make in life but primarily because of the way they look. However, not only do the artists themselves have an effect on adolescent minds; lyrics to songs we hear on the radio send messages out to young listeners about physical traits and life choices. Artists like Eminem, Jay Z, Lil’ Wayne, and Drake write about drugs and alcohol, ladies “giving head,” and describe the perfect woman’s body in some of their songs. It sets the bar for young ladies wanting to look a certain way and young men wanting their girlfriends to look a certain way and to do certain, inappropriate things for them. Yet, music is not the only mass media influence on fragile adolescent minds. ...
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...Gun Control in America Peter Z Bliss ENG/215 February 2, 2012 Kim Holloway Gun Control in America Gun control is a debate topic that comes up every election and when a major event happens that involving guns. Pro-gun lobbyists say “Guns don’t kill people, people kill people” [ (Hagan, 2007) ] the anti-gun advocates want to take away the right to bear arms. This topic has no right or wrong answer it is a preference of the individual. This is why gun control is such a fiercely debated topic. Implementing gun control Gun control cannot determine an accurate measurement according to research as there are two key components to the research lacking. What is the crime rate with no gun control? There is no documented research showing what the baseline is without gun control. Different government parties have each placed their own gun controls as a universal solution. These controls are mandatory locks sold with every gun purchase, and limitations on different classification of guns a citizen may own (Moorhouse & Wanner, 2006). Part two of measuring gun control is making sure the gun control laws are in place along with proper enforcement of the law. An example of this could have a blanket gun control law for a state. Each county within that state will potentially have a different outcome of this law. With the effort their law enforcement offices and judicial system place on enforcing that law. Gun control law enforcement is a large part of the accurate measurement...
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...DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND IT’S EFFECTS ON THE AMERICAN FAMILY Neh Awundaga Elyse Pinkie Liberty University 9/24/2013 ABSTRACT This analytical paper takes a look at family violence and the psychological problems faced by the victims. Furthermore the paper examines the contrast which exists between gender role indifference and accepted violent behaviors. In addition, using an ecological stand point external factors within the victim’s environment will be looked into. The leading factor, which brings about serious health and psychological problems for all individuals involved in such an environment is family violence. Research have shown and proven that damaging acts inflicted by perpetuators upon their victims have a long damaging effects on their victim’s self-esteem. There are several reasons, which brings about family violence and which Social Welfare Services in the United States need to examine. This include understanding the nature of unemployment, poverty and standard of living. Domestic Violence is a growing concern within most families and this social problem has been on the minds of several societal bodies, the media not excluded. Across the world, thousands of families are being pledge with the devastating effects of violence, which occurs within their families. Some researchers state, violence occurs because of the role women play in their families, which this is still imminent nowadays. The woman’s role in the family is seen as being of a lesser value and lesser significance...
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...sponse Response Paper Stephanie Brockman PHIL 201 McCloskey Responses Introduction H. J. McCloskey gets most of his strong statements against the belief by asking the atheist to provide sufficient proof that God exists. However, McCloskey is not the only person who is unsure and asks questions God’s existence based on personal beliefs or influence. From the beginning many people have had questions about God and his existence. He wrote numerous books on atheism between 1960 and 1980 including the famous book, God and Evil. This paper evaluates the credibility of McCloskey’s article “On being an Atheist”. One of the McCloskey’s core arguments against theism is his demand for any proof that ascertains theists’ beliefs on God’s existence. He believed that atheism is more comforting than theism because most Christians do not believe in God because of proof but because of certain reasons and factors, he is looking for more solid evidence in God’s existence. However, there are several reasons why a person should believe in the existence of God. Firstly, theists believe that God is the creator of all things and of nature. Therefore, God is the creator of all things in existence and that affect both the atheists and theists are affected by this. The Bible also states, that Koran and other religious literatures all communicate the existence of a high power with some similar characteristics. These writings have been in existence for several years without any alteration of which...
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...Motivation for Refraining from Drugs Cindy Torres Psy/355 Monday, June 4, 2012 Julie Fenyk Motivation for Refraining from Drugs There are several things that influence brain structures and functions associated with the motivation to refrain from the use of drugs. Important factors are intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, heredity and the environment. Motivation can be challenging. In order for a person to change their behavior, an individual’s internal point of view and external forces must be considered. Environmental and biological factors play a role in a person’s desire to refrain from the use of drugs. However, brain structures and functions of the brain related to motivation play a bigger role in the ability to do so. Brain Structures and Functions The Merriam-Webster’s dictionary defines addictions as a “compulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance characterized by tolerance and by well-defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal; persistence compulsive use of a substance known by the user to be harmful.” The human brain releases chemicals called neurotransmitters when we feel pain or pleasure. For example, a person touches a hot stove and immediately our brain registers the pain and tells us to remove our hand. This is a survival mechanism. Not only does pain cause us to react, but the neurotransmitters released also serve to reinforce this behavior whenever we react by avoiding it (painful stimulus). Our brain forms a neural pathway connecting...
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...Affirmative Case Stella Ladeinde, Caroline Njagi, Twila Shocknesse, SasheetaVinesh NUR/542 April 17, 2012 Lousie Rittmiller Teaching Values in Schools Prescribed by the State or Federal Government Who should assume the burden of teaching values? While acknowledging the role of parents as natural caretakers and guardians, an evolving American society has made the vital task of mentoring children increasingly difficult. There has been an apparent decrease in character and moral reasoning among today's youth. In light of this dilemma, the state government should introduce moral and character building content into the education code and standards as a beneficial alternative to the guidance provided by parents and guardians. Tay and Yildirim (2009) assert that schools have two important goals in the effort to develop morality within educational parameters: To teach the current values in the society and to cultivate positive, beneficial habits through this education. In addition, schools create opportunities for students to discuss these values and to help develop their own. The proposition states that a set of values must be prescribed by the state or federal government and taught in schools. Before determining whether a set of values formulated by government can have a positive impact in school as opposed to those instilled at home by the family, understanding the general framework of values is essential. According to Family Values International Encyclopedia of Marriage...
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...The Evolution of Music: Offensive to Women, yet Acclaimed in Society Victor Hugo, a well known French Romantic writer, once stated “Music expresses that which cannot be said and on which it is impossible to be silent.” Though this statement was made in the 19th century, it continues to stand true to this day. Through decades of evolution, music has constantly been a way for anyone to express themselves through melodies, timbre, dynamics, and lyrics. People around the world are composing, as well as listening to, all kinds of music, and this unifies nations in all countries and continents. Introduction to Literature is an anthology that consists of a variety of literary works – poems, short stories, and excerpts from novels – that discusses globalization. I believe that a chapter regarding the subject of music and its evolution should be included in the Introduction to Literature. Music has continuously been changing ever since the first beat was tapped, the first piano was struck, the first violin was plucked, and the first horn was blown; however, in the last 150 years, the meaning of lyrics and the style of music has changed drastically. From Bing Crosby to Elvis Presley, Michael Jackson and Eminem, the artists and composers have altered the way music sounds on the radio, computer, and other musical devices. Every genre has artists, who have songs, which have lyrics that contain a story. Whether the story is from a memory, a dream, or an ambition, it becomes...
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...Alzheimer's HCA/250 October 21, 2012 Tiffany Hanshaw Alzheimer's Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia that can affect a variety of ages, groups or gender. In 1906, a psychiatrist named Alois Alzheimer from Germany performed an autopsy on a female patient that had passed away ("Living with Alzheimer's", 2012). According to the "Alzheimer's Association" (2012), the most common sign and characteristics of Alzheimer’s is memory loss but also as the illness progresses, the individuals behavior starts to change. The person can start to have changes in how they feel and can become depressed, withdrawn, or anxious with themselves or family and loved. When it comes to memory loss for those with the disease, he/she starts to depend more on family or friends to help remind them of what things are in the their lives. The individual will notices small changes that will be brushed aside as just a normal part of the aging process but as time goes by, the signs are more noticeable. Speaking words at one time was an easy task but as time passes, he/she struggles with just trying to form the words they are thinking and wanting to say. Some of the other characteristics of Alzheimer’s are such as solving problems. This becomes a challenge because it is difficult to process what is being read such as a puzzle book or reading a novel. It will take longer to solve the puzzle or finish a novel due to the inability to concentrate on the task they are trying to perform. Activities...
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...1039/C2CY20235B Received 14th April 2012, Accepted 28th May 2012 DOI: 10.1039/c2cy20235b Recent approaches to furfural synthesis from hemicellulosic biomass and pentose sugars with both homogeneous and solid acidic catalysts have been summarized by addressing the associated sustainability issues. The features of deconstruction of hemicellulosic biomass by acid hydrolysis to produce pentose sugar feedstock for furfural have been discussed in brief. Several strategies including solvent extraction in a biphasic process, application of surface functionalized materials such as acidic resins, mesoporous solids and mechanistic insight in limited cases are discussed. The present status of the promising furfural platform in producing second generation biofuels (furanics and hydrocarbon) is reviewed. The performances of each catalytic system are assessed in terms of intrinsic reactivity and selectivity toward furfural production. Overall, this minireview attempts to highlight the scope of further developments for a sustainable furfural process and upgrading to fuels. 1. Introduction While the easily accessible oil fields are becoming depleted and CO2 emissions from fossil fuels are affecting the earth’s climate, the most imminent result that awaits mankind is the tremendous crisis of energy if we remain dependent on the Laboratory of Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi, India....
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...Molecules 2014, 19, 6524-6533; doi:10.3390/molecules19056524 OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules Communication A Simple Hydrophilic Palladium(II) Complex as a Highly Efficient Catalyst for Room Temperature Aerobic Suzuki Coupling Reactions in Aqueous Media Mengping Guo 1,2,*, Shiwen Liu 1,2, Xiuling Zhou 1, Meiyun Lv 1, Sanbao Chen 1 and Daoan Xiao 1 1 2 Institue of Coordination Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Bio-Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China; E-Mails: liushiwen320721@163.com (S.L.); 13879593114@163.com (X.Z.); lvmeiyun2005@163.com (M.L.); 333csb@163.com (S.C.); xiaodaoan2006@163.com (D.X.) Engineering Center of Jiangxi University for Lithium Energy, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: guomengping65@163.com; Tel./Fax: +86-0795-320-0535. Received: 8 April 2014; in revised form: 19 May 2014 / Accepted: 19 May 2014 / Published: 21 May 2014 Abstract: A study on room temperature Suzuki cross-coupling in an aqueous medium was carried out using a simple hydrophilic palladium (II) complex, trans-PdCl2(NH2CH2COOH)2 as catalyst in the presence of K2CO3 in air. This approach with a comparatively inexpensive and hydrophilic catalyst, mild reaction condition and aqueous media exhibits excellent catalytic activity towards the Suzuki coupling of aryl bromides and arylboronic acids, and good yields were obtained in the Suzuki coupling of activated aryl chlorides....
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...which have stringent religious views toward ingesting products such as pork. It is considered as being unclean, other religions, such as Buddhism which is practiced in China grimace at beef because they also consider it to be unclean. The ingesting of pork is forbidden by the Judaism faith in Israel thus such sacred beliefs would impede the development of a franchise in these nations. Mexico, has several ethnic issues that could increase the substantial use of American fast food such as the total rise in economic wages, varying tendencies with respects to mothers returning to the workforce as well. Also with the average being below 30, as stated by the Canadian Market gauge report of 2011, we are dealing with a younger generation, more youthful customers which is great for a fast-food business. Being that mothers are working, as a result there is no time to prepare a customary meal. The lessening of the size of the family and the increase of income within the family has them with an excess amount of cash to spend expeditiously. (Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2011). Social actions typically vary considerably in every...
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...Understanding Early Drug Use and Its Benefits on Future Drug Treatments Laura-Ryan Brooks Argosy University Abstract Drug abuse is a growing problem in the world today. Past studies have been conducted in efforts to recognize similar patterns in addicts’ lives that may have contributed to their behavior. The emerging results from this research suggested that it was due to several maltreatments occurring during the addicted individual’s adolescent years that were behind their early drug use. It is during the critical years of adolescence, when the brains of young adults are still developing, that the youth of today are most susceptible to a number of issues that can lead towards drug addiction, such as problems at home, abuse, and peer-pressure. Exploring these adversities will help shed some light on why adolescents make the decision to use drugs. This paper will address what influences drug use and how this knowledge can help treat addiction. Issues surrounding why addicts began drug use and how this information could be beneficial in treating substance abuse in the future will be explored. . Understanding Early Drug Use and Its Implications on Future Drug Abuse Treatment Addiction has been defined as a “misguided attempt at self-repair” (du Plessis, 2012 para. 53). But who is in danger of becoming addicted or may be feeling the need of some “self-repairing? During a 2013 testing of the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS), a tool to assess certain...
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...Deborah Nacimiento Enabling Connections 1 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. Background Situation Analysis Recommendations 3.1 Purpose 3.2 Ideal Target Customer 3.3 Positioning 3.4 Branding 3.5 Product 3.6 Service 3.7 Promotion 3.7a Themed Fundraising Event 3.7b Lead Generation 3.7c Lead Conversation Appendix Reference List Enabling Connections 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 34 2 Rhinegeist is a brewing company located in Over the Rhine, Ohio. Founded by Bob Bonder and Bryant Goulding in 2013, Rhinegeist embraces the heritage and culture of the Over the Rhine. Their brew house was established in an old brewing facility built in the 1890s. Rhinegeist translates to “The Ghost of Rhine”, which comes with deep heritage of Over the Rhine. Rhinegeist wants to bring the tristate area together through enabling connections with their brew house. Through this, Rhinegeist will revive the community in Over the Rhine. However, they are still trying to attract customers from the northern Kentucky region. Enabling Connections 3 Summary of SWOT Analysis Rhinegeist is a local brewing company ran by Bryant Goulding and Bob Bonder. Rhinegeist produces and sells a wide variety of unique crab beers and ciders. Their target customers consists of millennials in the local tristate area who enjoy crab beers and ciders. Rhinegeist is currently positioned as a unique flavored local crab beer with brew house heritage. The average price of a Rhinegeist...
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