...Harjinder Kaur USSO 10100 Prof. Gillooly 03/06/2015 The Significance of the Federalist Papers The Federalist Papers, is a compilation of 85 articles, advocating the ratification of the proposed Constitution of the United States. These series of articles were published by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay between October 1787 and May 1788. The overall intention of the Federalist Papers was to explain the advantages of the proposed Constitution over the prevailing Articles of Confederation. The Federalist Papers impacted the ratification of the Constitution by making some of their most important objections, including the significance of having a Constitution, acknowledging to the disagreements made by the Antifederalists, and defending conflicting arguments made against the attributes of the executive and judicial branch as specified in the proposed Constitution. Before the ratification of the Constitution, the central government under the Articles of Confederations was very weak and in jeopardy of falling apart. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, who were Federalists believed as well that the Articles of Confederation was too weak to maintain a powerful central government and needed to be restored by the U.S Constitution. The fundamental goal of the U.S constitution was to secure the rights of the U.S citizens and for the federal government to strive for the common good of the individuals. The Federalist Papers illustrates how ...
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...Alexander Hamilton “Men give me credit for some genius. All the genius I have lies in this; when I have a subject in hand, I study it profoundly. Day and night it is before me. My mind becomes pervaded with it. Then the effort that I have made is what people are pleased to call the fruit of genius. It is the fruit of labor and thought” (Hamilton). This quote shows Alexander Hamilton's task commitment and how he was devoted to everything he did. He had made and overcame many mistakes during his life, building him stronger and leading him on his path to eminence. Alexander Hamilton created America’s current financial system, used Thinking and Communicating with Clarity and Precision to innovate ways to overcome challenges, and illuminated the...
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...Duel: Alexander Hamilton, Aaron Burr and the Future of America, is a story about how politics can turn the most intelligent men into beings they may not actually be. Throughout the story it becomes clear that the author, Thomas Fleming is blatantly biased. It becomes obvious that Fleming not only nurtures a hatred for Alexander Hamilton but the late president Thomas Jefferson. While one could argue that facts are facts the evidence shows that this champion of this so called argument between burr and Hamilton was nothing short premeditated. Fleming seemed intent on blasting his opinion throughout the story without referring to possible explanations for the opposing side and creates an illogical mess. Even I struggled to tolerate the unfairness that came out of Fleming’s mouth thus making it difficult to complete the book. If facts are solely used to present information, instead of manipulated to persuade others, a true...
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...Ferling’s most recent publication, Jefferson and Hamilton: The Rivalry That Forged a Nation, he proves once more why he is a leading historian in the American Revolutionary Period. The retired history professor from The University of West Georgia has gone through extensive research, proven by 50-pages of endnotes documented at the end of the book, to compose an easy-to-read non-fiction about the impact Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton during the early days of our country. Ferling has organized his book to take the reader through the lives of these two powerhouses from early childhood to death. Beginning with a 3-page chronology, he gives a timeline the reader can refer to throughout the book. He carries this chronological approach throughout the book in four sections, describing their “unhappy youths” to their trials in shaping the newly born America and “tragic ends”....
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...continued that way until Thomas Jefferson was in Washington's cabinet. It was until Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton bumped heads with differences of opinions when Thomas Jefferson was infuriated by the fact that the President took side with Hamilton instead of his own ideas. And although this description was written a while after Washington's death he still held high respects for the first president of the United States. Thomas Jefferson’s tone is very high praised for Washington’s character. Throughout the letter he holds Washington with parts of exaggerations to emphasize Washington’s character. The few hyperboles expressed in the letter is to accentuate his heart and apprehensiveness, and nobleness of his stature. Jefferson describes Washington to have a powerful mind, the ability to be incapable of fear, and his heart valuing everyman's value. “...the best horseman of his age, and the most graceful figure that could be seen on...
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...Preface: The Generation In the preface, Joseph Ellis takes his time in explaining the importance of the American Revolution. He starts off by stating that during the 1780’s everyone thought that it was only natural that America verge away from British rule. They all figured that it would be a gradual change; not a full blown revolution. Throughout the chapter, Ellis puts great emphasis on the many things that could have gone wrong during the revolution. He points all these negative events and set backs that he felt could easily have brought the developing America down to show just how great of an accomplishment the revolution was. The Founding Fathers were not completely oblivious to the severity of breaking away from Great Britain. Tom Pain states that, “it is only common sense that an island can not rule a continent (pg.3).” Many assumed that it was only natural that the thirteen colonies govern themselves. They figured that it would be a peaceful break such as the gaining of independence for Ghana or Canada. It was not until later on that the colonies realized that Britain would not easily hand over the land. What I find interesting is that only the Founding Fathers seemed to realize the great events taking place during their time. John Adams even instructed his wife to file and keep all of his records. It is as if he knew that hundreds of years from then, we the future Americans would look back at his notes and recognize his greatness. This makes me wonder why they...
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...APUSH Study Guide Chapter 10 * There was no Bill of Rights. * Freedom, religion, speech, press, assembly and petition. * It said that powers not held by the feds were held by the states. * The rich were favored, Hamilton created the National Bank which made it easier to start a business and for the rich to have more control over the government. * Eliminate the debt and bolster the country’s credit. * Eliminate debt, make a bank for future debts or troubles we might have and make us trustworthy so we can borrow money when needed. * Jefferson’s strict construction directly took the constitution for what it said exactly, Hamilton’s loose construction said that what the constitution didn’t forbid, it allowed. * Whiskey tax was made, low class whiskey farmers got angry and started to rebel, Washington came in and “smashed a fly with a sledgehammer” * At the time, the founding fathers believed that anyone against the government was disloyal. * Hamiltonians and Jeffersonians were the beginning of these political parties. One side supporting strong central government and the other supporting a weak government. * At first, we were flattered that the French would follow our precedent of revolution but after heads rolled, Hamiltonians feared that the same would happen in the U.S. * This was an alliance made because the French helped us win our revolution, we were then held to our alliance but couldn’t due to the imminent danger that the...
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...documents was the contrast between the Hamiltonian Federalism and the Jeffersonian republicanism. Many of the men who decided against signing both documents did so because of their acceptance of the Articles of Confederation. If we had noticed that the same men had signed both documents were the same, it would have seemed that the Jeffersonian republicanism had more of a significant role in the Constitution, which could have made it seem that the government was established on principles of the Declaration rather than creating a liberal capitalist monolith. The philosophy of the Declaration was that of a revolutionary outlook on government concentrated on the rights of citizens and detaching from the repression and tyranny. Alexander Hamilton outlined the Constitutions philosophy in the Federalist Papers; the Constitutions philosophy was the notion of Federalism. The Declaration was a long list of complaints made by the colonists against King George III, and was partly the reason the Bill of Rights was drawn up. King George III denied citizens the right to a trial by jury; the Constitution gave this right to all citizens, as well as the right to a speedy trial. The Bill of Rights also addressed the issue of King George III transporting colonists overseas to be tried on charges that were made...
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...In this case, a defamation suit arose after NY Post journalist Larry Brooks wrote a column about a hockey fight in Vancouver containing allegations about manager Brian Burke which he claimed to be untrue. The column was published in the paper and also appeared in its website. What’s interesting about this case is that a British Columbia court faced a defamation action against a U.S. publisher. The court held that it could properly exercise jurisdiction and apply local law because it was foreseeable that Burke would bring suit in the forum. This foreseeability determination rested on two findings. First, Burke had an established reputation in British Columbia. Second, it was foreseeable that a British Columbian audience would be interested in plaintiff's online newspaper column, regardless of whether the foreign publisher intended to address that audience. When combined with the strong cross-border reputation of the defendant's newspaper (the New York Post) and its sports columnist (Larry Brooks), these facts, the court held, made it foreseeable that the online posting of the story would be read in British Columbia by both ordinary readers and the by British Columbia media -- even if no paper editions were sold in British Columbia. This case helped re-frame the "here, there (and everywhere)" narrative as an engagement in legally inscribing wider borders around the relevant online community regardless of geographic territory -- that is, to be defining the relevant public as...
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...Springtime meeting – ½ of all trade takes place at that time, concerned about losing revenue James Madison – drafted tariff and tonnage bills Tariff – import tax – Tonnage – licensing fee Generate revenue to kick start the economy 2. Bill of Rights Originally their were 12 – but gutted down to 10 2nd amendment right – right to bear arms AND maintain a well-regulated militia Reaction to Boston Massacre, Quartering Act, etc. All amendments reactions to the revolution Passed and ratified by 1791 3. Pay for the President and Congress 4. unilateral removal of individuals – the cabinet members serve at the pleasure of the President 5. Establish a Cabinet 1st sec of state – Thomas Jefferson 1st sec of Treasury – Alexander Hamilton 5. Creation of the Judiciary - Judiciary Act of 1789 – 1. deemed that a trial court should be established in every state – called district courts – 13 2. appeals levels courts – circuit courts 3. establish the number of Supremes at that 6 – groups of 2 – travel around and works the circuit courts Lifetime Appointments 1st Chief Justice – John Jay, hated the job, so John Marshall will take over Hamilton’s Financial Program - *** 1st congress asked...
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...1. George Washington- Served 8 years as president. He was a neutral party. Foreign Policies - was to remain neutral, and form as little alliances and deals with other countries as possible to avoid being dragged into a war, Jay Treaty helping with trade with Great Britian. Domestic Policies – Signed in the Residence Act of 1790, invoked the Militia Act of 1792 One positive aspect that Washington created was imposing an excise tax on distilled spirits, which led to protests in frontier districts when this happened the military was not big enough in just Pennsylvania so he had to invoke the Militia Act. 2. John Adams – Served 4 years as president, was part of the Federalist Party. Domestic Policy- Alien and Sedition Acts in 1798, the Direct Tax of 1798 Foreign Policy - The XYZ Affairs, Treaty of Mortefontaine When Adams signed and instated the Direct Tax act which was taxing on land to pay for our country to rebuild the navy was a positive thought but the negative consequences was the Fries’s Rebellion it created. 3. Thomas Jefferson – Served 8 Years as president. His party was the Democratic- Republican. Foreign Policies- Louisiana Purchase and the Embargo Tax Act Domestic Policies – He drastically cut the federal government reducing spending in his administration as well as the armed forces, he voluntarily stepped down after two terms and declared that no president should serve more than two terms. One positive Jefferson had while in office is he reduced the national...
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...John Adams, a New Englander from Massachusetts and Thomas Jefferson, a Southerner from Virginia were revolutionary period colleagues and friends during the founding of the Republic even though they could not have been more different in personalities, temperament, and politics. It was perhaps inevitable they would have a falling out. Jefferson was the Vice-President of the United States when Adams was President from 1797-1801 on the basis of Jefferson receiving the second most electoral votes even though they belong to different political parties. When Jefferson challenged Adams for the presidency and won in 1801 not only was the rupture in their friendship complete, they became bitter enemies. During the last days of Adams’s one presidential term the majority Federalist Party in congress passed legislation greatly expanding the number of federal judges including justices-of-the-peace. Adams proceeded to name people of his political persuasion to these positions. A few weeks before Adams had named his Secretary of State and 2nd cousin of Thomas Jefferson, Virginian John Marshall as Chief Justice of the then six-man US Supreme Court (the court was increased to the present number of nine in 1869). Marshall thus became the 4th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, replacing President Washington appointed Oliver Ellsworth (John Jay of course was the 1st). Adams was literally still writing out the names of the people he appointed as judges on his last day in office. As Secretary...
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...A book by Gary L. Gregg and Mark David Hall, is a book biographies of important founders who contributed to the signing of the Declaration of Independence but were forgotten in history. James Wilson was born in 1742, Wilson was born to a Presbyterian farming family he received a solid education that allowed him to receive a scholarship to the university of St. Andrews. James Wilson studied at St. Andrews for four years before entering the university's divinity school St. Mary's in 1761. In 1762 he was forced to leave school because the death of his father to support his family financial he served as a tutor. When his siblings were old enough to support their mother, he left to America in search for better opportunities. In 1765 James Wilson arrived in Pennsylvania, where he taught Latin and Greek at the college of Philadelphia for a year before studying law under John Dickinson. After becoming a lawyer before the upcoming revolution, Wilson was drawn into politics. In 1774 Wilson gained national attention with his essay on the "considerations on the nature and extent of the legislative authority of the British Parliament". In this essay, Wilson argued that the Parliament had no authority to pass laws for the American colonies because the colonies had no representation in Parliament. In 1776 he was appointed to The second continental Congress where he actively participated in the proceedings and eventually cast a important vote in favor of independence. In the late 1770's...
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...In the 1800s new money was printed this time with the portraits of presidents on them so that the people of America would never forget them. But Alexander Hamilton proceeded to be one of the only non-presidential portraits on the newly printed bills. Although no presidency was served, Hamilton served America for most of his career life whether it be as a commander or working as the secretary of treasury. Early on Hamilton fought in the American Revolution helping to command along side George Washington and Lafayette. He then went on to become the secretary of treasury endlessly striving to improve the United States debt problem and unite the colonies. Never did he stop believing in the American form of government and stop striving to improve it. His work as a federalist and on the federalist papers led to the United States constitution being drafted much of its public success attributed to his contributions. In conclusion, Alexander Hamilton well deserved to be on the ten dollar bill just as much as any other...
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...Thomas Jefferson had strong political convictions, as seen through his formation of the Jeffersonian political party. However, throughout his presidency he often exercised principles of the opposing Federalist party. Jefferson effectively became a moderate during his presidency, both adhering to and straying from his earlier philosophies. National government was a dangerous necessity meant benefit and protect the citizens, however it must be closely watched. Jeffersonian ideology stated that a weak central government and strong state and local government were necessary to uphold the Union. While downsizing the standing navy should have hindered the nation, the existing fleet was able to suppress the threat in the First Barbary War. (Doc D)...
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