...language and its laws. We presupposed private property, the separation of labor, capital and land, and of wages, profit of capital and rent of land – likewise division of labor, competition, the concept of exchange value, etc. On the basis of political economy itself, in its own words, we have shown that the worker sinks to the level of a commodity and becomes indeed the most wretched of commodities; that the wretchedness of the worker is in inverse proportion to the power and magnitude of his production; that the necessary result of competition is the accumulation of capital in a few hands, and thus the restoration of monopoly in a more terrible form; and that finally the distinction between capitalist and land rentier, like that between the tiller of the soil and the factory worker, disappears and that the whole of society must fall apart into the two classes – property owners and propertyless workers. Political economy starts with the fact of private property; it does not explain it to us. It expresses in general, abstract formulas the material process through which private property actually passes, and these formulas it then takes for laws. It does not comprehend these laws – i.e., it does not demonstrate how they arise from the very nature of private property. Political economy throws no light on the cause of the division between labor and capital, and between capital and land. When, for example, it defines the relationship of wages to profit, it takes the interest of...
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...Jennifer Doncan Senior Inquiry Per.1/2 Movies Analysis #1 due November 8, 2010 Avatar Written/Directed by James Cameron Director, screenwriter, and producer - James Cameron – has created another blockbuster movie, Avatar, to add to his incredible list of phenomenal top-grossing films. Avatar is in the company of movies such as Terminator, Titanic, Aliens, and Spider-Man: all crowd-pleasing, award-winning, top-selling films written, produced, or directed by James Cameron. Avatar is based on a script Cameron first wrote in 1994 and is the first big budget action film to be shot in 3D, using revolutionary camera technology Cameron developed. This film earned over $1 billion in its first three weekends. The story-line is simple and timely. In the year 2154, the fictional RDA Corporation (from earth) attempts to move the Na’vi, an alien race on the distant planet Pandora, off of their land to mine for a valuable mineral called unobtanium. RDA Corporation partners with earth mercenaries. These mercenaries are a back-up, in case the RDA Corporation science project - using avatars (Na’vi-human hybrids developed and managed by Grace Augustine/Sigourney Weaver) - fails to accomplish the task peacefully. Na’vi are colorful blue-skinned humanoids, who live in harmony with nature and worship their mother earth goddess Eywa, embodied in huge, luscious trees. This action/science fiction/thriller narrative features Jake sully/Sam Worthington and Neytiri/Zoe Saldana. Jake...
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...Extra Credit: Law of the Land As we are taught all through our lives what we can and can’t do our enforced by someone. As children when we make a mistake the law is our parents for example if we steal our parents will punish us whether it be a spanking, standing in the corner, or some other type of punishment. As we become older and gather more liable for our actions our parents may still enforce some punishment and type of law but so will the state we live in. The state that you live also faces something higher and that is the federal government. Overall from the time we take our first step until we die, the ultimate decision maker of the land is the United States Constitution. The United States Constitution is the supreme power of the land. The document which contains some of the oldest laws of the United States was written on September 17, 1787. In the Constitution it contains the rights that each and every citizen of the United States of America are given. In the constitution it also stipulates how the federal and state government is run. In the document there are seven articles that each limits and keeps the government in check. In article one there are ten sections. The article states that congress shall contain a senate and a house of representatives. It also specifies the age, and requirements to become a senator and a representative. The article also stipulates how the bills may start in house but if about raising money must start in the House of Representatives...
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...Policy Analysis I CJA 464 October 7th, 2013 Policy Analysis I The constant battle of illegal immigration is a major issue in the United States that has been a constant issue for many years. The issues of illegal immigration are described as the migration of foreign citizens into the United States of America. This is done through illegal routes, such as hiding on boats porting in the United States, crossing through miles of treacherous terrain illegally to jump the borders of Mexico, and violating the agreement of a tourist visa as well as illegally boarding planes bound for the United States. It is a known fact that the men and women who enter this country do not meet the legal requirements to enter the United States from foreign countries. The research conducted will describe the issues of illegal immigration, whether the current policy is a regulatory or legislative-initiated policy, and the issue with the policy. A review of the possible constitutional violations will be described as well as if this issue or policy will affect the community, the accused, and the victims of any crimes committed by the illegal immigrants. The Issue The policy makers of the American government typically will take multiple routes in taking care of these issues before needing to develop a policy that will assist in combatting the concerns of the government. The existing immigration policies have been active for many years and for that same amount of time the policies have been questioned...
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...evidence to support your analysis. Thomas Jefferson took Oath of Office as the third president on March 4th, 1801. Jefferson had a marvelous imagination, and many ideas about Westward Expansion. He used individuals and resources along the way for the expansion. Without the expansion, we would not have our roadways, faster travel, or shipping like we do now. An author Stephen Ambrose, reveals his purpose of informing through language, choice of individuals, and his choice of events included in “Thomas Jefferson’s America, 1801.” Ambrose talks about how Jefferson used individuals to expand the West. Jefferson sent two men named Lewis and Clark to discover the U.S. territory. As they were traveling, they came into contact with Indians. Jefferson was fond of the...
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...Chapter One – Individual Rights Under the United States Constitution I. History of Criminal Procedure a. The Magna Carta i. 1215 agreement between King John of England and English nobility creating certain civil rights. ii. Due process is referred to as "law of the land" and "legal judgment of peers." Some state constitutions continue to use these phrases. iii. A legal principle which states that no one should be deprived of life, liberty, or property except by proper legal proceeding. The principle is enshrined in the 39th clause of Magna Carta (1215) which provides that ‘no freeman shall be arrested or imprisoned or deprived of his freehold or outlawed or banished or in any way ruined, nor will we (ie the monarch) take or order action against him, except by the lawful judgment of his equals and according to the law of the land’. b. The United States Constitution iv. 1789 v. Bill of Rights – proposed in 1789 and ratified (became law) in 1791. vi. Chapter 1, Page 14 – Provisions of Bill of Rights – Table 1.2 vii. The notion of due process is also embodied in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments of the US Constitution, and in Articles 5 and 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. viii. The reference in the 5th Amendment applies only to the federal government and its courts and agencies. The reference in the 14th Amendment extends protection of due process to all state governments...
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...ground-rentier 3 and the capitalist 4 as well as the difference between the farmer-renter and the factory laborer disappears and the entire society must fall into two classes: those with property and those propertyless souls who labor. Political economy begins with the fact of private property. It does not explain this fact to us. It describes the material process of private property--by which it actually passes from hand to hand--in general, abstract formulas, which it then raises to the status of laws . It does notunderstand these laws, that is, it does not show how the existence of private property comes about. Political economy gives no explanation concerning the foundation of the division between labor and capital and between capital and land. When, for instance, it describes the relationship between wage-labor and the profit of capital, its fundamental point of departure is the interest of the capitalist, that is, it accepts as given what it should be explaining. In the same way, competition is used to explain everything. It is explained using external circumstances. How far these external, seemingly magical circumstances originate in a necessary process, political economy teaches us nothing. We have seen, that exchange itself appears to be some magical occurrence. The only wheels which political economy sets in motion and...
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...California’s Illegal Immigration Almost all American’s are immigrants to this country, at some point illegal. After so many years of this country being taken over and developed, the history of where the people came from remains in textbooks and with the history majors. Now many states of this nation are again being captivated with illegal immigrants. The state of California is getting hit hard with the pouring of immigrants legal and illegal. “The best estimates suggest that California was home to about 2.8 million illegal immigrants in 2006”. California also has the highest population of immigrants in the nation (Johnson par.1). “Historically, immigrants have moved into the state to become major elements of the labor force, often taking jobs that others found undesirable. Agricultural work, piecemeal garment production, and day construction are among areas of the economy that have been filled by immigrants” (Gerston 2). The flow of illegal immigrates to California started since the states birth in 1850, with an on flow of people from Asia and Mexico. It wasn’t till the end of World War II that the on flow of illegal immigrants would start to take labor and benefits from the state (Gerston 3). Then from the mid 1960’s to mid 80’s an illegal immigration boom accorded. A program called the Bracero Program was made to supply steady cheap labor to agricultural growers in California (Nadadur 1040). This boom set a course to a population explosion of undocumented workers and...
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...To: Meegan Zickus Attorney From: S S Paralegal Re: Jane Doe Asylum Case Date: April 21, 2013 CITATION Gonzalez v. Reno, 86 F. Supp. 2d 1167 (S.D. Fla. 2000) FACTS The parties of this case are Elian Gonzalez with Lazaro Gonzalez and Attorney General Janet Reno. Six-year-old Cuban national Elian Gonzalez, on November 25, 1999, was rescued by two Miami anglers who found him floating on an inner tube several miles off Fort Lauderdale. Elian was transferred to a United States Coast Guard vessel so he could be transported to a nearby hospital for treatment for dehydration and hypothermia. Elian's mother, Elisabeth Brotons, drowned during the voyage from Cuba. The INS temporarily paroled him into the care of Lazaro Gonzalez, his great uncle, in Miami. On January 19, 2000, Lazaro Gonzalez, instituted alternatively as interim temporary legal custodian, of Elian Gonzalez, a six-year-old child, against the Attorney General, the Commissioner of the Immigration and Naturalization Service ("INS"), and other federal defendants. The complaint challenged the INS's refusal to accept and adjudicate two asylum applications that Lazaro submitted with respect to Elian and an essentially identical application that bore Elian’s signature. PROCEDUAL HISTORY On January 27, 2000, the government filed a motion to dismiss or, in the alternative, for summary judgment. The district court heard oral argument on the government's motion on March 9, 2000. On March 21, 2000, the district court...
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...Erick M Hudtwalcker Illegal Immigration English 102- Katema Lee Due Date: 04/14/08 Illegal Immigration The United States of America is a country made up of millions of people. Its society has many different cultures and religions. These blends of diversity make up America. The United State’s way of life is based on how people’s ancestors grew up and by the different traditions passed down from generation to generation. America is unique from most other countries in that she was founded by immigrants from numerous other countries. From Plymouth Rock in the seventeenth century to Ellis Island in the twentieth, people from every where came to America some were fleeing religious persecution and political chaos. Most of them came for economic reasons and were part of extensive migratory systems that responded to changing demands in labor markets; others, came here by choice and all eventually were integrated into the “American society” to become a homogenous people. These immigrants had a vision, work ethic, values, fortitude, imagination, and pioneering spirit which enabled her to become the greatest nation on earth. While it took longer for some than others, they and their descendents ultimately became "One nation, under God, with liberty and justice for all." Many, but not all, modern immigrants to the United States are not much different. However, unlike the distant past, immigration now consists of two components:...
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...the case study of an international criminal network. How and why has this theory prevented a fuller understanding of the problem of organised crime? Case study- Sicilian Mafia ‘Organized crime can simply mean systematic and illegal activity for power or profit. Today, however, the term is usually used in a second sense, and has become virtually synonymous with gangsters in general or the 'Mafia' or mafia-type organisations, in particular.’ (Woodwiss 2000:1) The term ‘Mafia’ often refers to an organised criminal syndicate or association that originally developed in Sicily during the nineteenth century at the end of feudalism when institutional reforms caused the diffusion of private properties without matching state enforcement. This analysis builds on the work of Gambetta (1993) who argues that the Sicilian Mafia originally sold landowners protection from attacks when State enforcement was unavailable and in such circumstances Mafia were used as a supplement for state failure. These protectors were so successful in their role that they resort to extorting money, by making crime and forcing the wealthy to buy their protection services. As a result they became an international organised criminal network, yet while it may be that the Mafia are viewed as an organized criminal syndicate, their very provision of protection can be seen as a legitimate business service and not organised crime. It is also the case that legitimate businesses co-exist with illegal ones, so it is not always...
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...Thousands of undocumented aliens take this job as their first option. In United States, the agriculture is very important. Families, restaurants, and markets buy vegetables, fruits and meat from farms for human consumption. The consumption of these foods doesn’t last enough and markets or restaurants have to have everything available. Otherwise, the unavailability of products will cause the broke of some businesses and affect economy because they are not selling and not making money. Thanks to illegal, they have helped the Agriculture by dedicating long hours of job and working faster, saving the time and problems of business. Also, it is a benefit for agricultural companies to hire illegal immigrants because they are willing to take any type of job. Illegals just want...
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...In October of 2009, I placed an inexpensive trail camera at the feeding station located on the public land research area. This camera captured a video of one of these “other cryptids”. This was the first occurrence of a “non-Bigfoot” Nephilim creature being captured on video during my research. The trail camera was tripped by an unseen subject shaking it from the side, then, an arm passes in front of the camera. In my opinion, the unseen subject was investigating the trail camera. In front of the camera, in the thick vegetation, is the face of a creature that has features similar to the fictional character “Skeletor.” The video reveals a creature with a white face, dark deep eye sockets, and slim nose. When I first viewed this video, I considered that this might be a Bigfoot. A more thorough analysis of the footage convinced me that this creature was not a Bigfoot, but some unknown cryptid. (Exhibit A)...
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...violence. After seeing the film through my Christian anti-civilization (anti-civ) anarchist vegan antiracist woman of color lenses, my sense is that Avatar is more complex than many of its detractors or advocates acknowledge. Set on the planet Pandora, Avatar is a sci-fi story of a mercenary-backed corporation’s attempt to confiscate and mine the land inhabited by humanoid aliens known as the Na’vi. Enter Jake Sully, the paraplegic U.S. marine protagonist who joins the science and anthropology wing of the operation as a substitute navigator for his deceased twin brother’s avatar. Early in the film, we discover that the avatar is an expensive high-tech clone that allows its user to temporarily experience and subsequently infiltrate the Na’vi community. After a series of unexpected events during his first avatar excursion, Jake finds himself living amongst the Na’vi clan known as the Omaticaya where he becomes an apprentice to the female tribe member Neytiri. From that point, the film revolves around the internal and external conflicts that arise as Jake bonds with the Omaticaya and struggles between his mission and his allegiance to the aliens. Although Avatar’s primary focus is on Jake’s steady transition from an ambivalent supporter and participant in colonizing...
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...Extraterrestial Influence All our science, measured against reality, is primitive and childlike and yet it is the most precious thing we have. -Albert Einstein INTRODUCTION There are many things in this world that go unexplained. Not anymore, it was all aliens, everything you can’t figure out like, “Where does one sock go when I do the laundry?”, and “How do you get the caramel into the Caramilk bar?” Aliens. Earth has been profoundly impacted by extraterrestrials in its short history. Everything from supplying life-giving chemicals and wiping out the dinosaurs with meteorites to influencing human culture and evolution. The whole world is filled with evidence of extraterrestrials, though it is usually denied and ignored by governments and academics. This essay will provide a brief analysis of extraterrestrial events or evidence thereof the were especially significant. THE BEGINNING OF LIFE Evolutionary theory suggests that life on earth has been developing for millions of years into more and more complex organisms. These organisms evolved from inorganic molecules through the release of UV, heat and electrical energy in the atmosphere of early Earth. This theory was found to be valid by Stan Miller in 1953, who through a series of tests managed to create some hydrocarbons and amino acidsout of chemicals that were present on earth 3.5 billion years ago. These hydrocarbons and amino acids are very susceptible to oxidation and would not exist for very long in an...
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