...Can acceptance and alienation both exist simultaneously? In the novel “The Book Thief” by Markus Zusak, there are multiple events that demonstrate acceptance and alienation to show how they are responsive to each other. Acceptance and alienation both play hand in hand, characters in the novel receive acceptance through alienation and a vice versa. Acceptance is commonly shown when a character first faces alienation. The first example is :Possibly the only good to come out of these nightmares was that it brought Hans Hubermann, her new papa,into the room, to soothe her, to love her”(36). Liesel felt alienated by her mother because she gave her to a foster family and Hans wanted to let LIesel know that she is not alone, se he stays with her...
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...Alienation and Dehumanization within The Road The novel The Road is about the United States being in a dystopian setting in which the main character, Man, has to pass through desolate land with his son, Boy, and learning through the trials of survival on a path to the coast. Man and Boy are living on bare supplies as they travel across different places to reach a safer place fighting for food and shelter which brings Man and Boy having to see and be lowered within the standards of humans being alienated. Man and Boy try their hardest to bring light in the situation as there is no way to run from the world. Throughout the novel humans are cornered into dehumanization for survival and also by choice. The isolation in the novel symbolically...
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...Karl Marx was influenced to establish his theory on alienation by his observations of the social, economic and political developments of the industrial revolution during the middle to late nineteenth century. His assertion was that newly founded industrial processes’, which were much different from imperial and feudal societies, isolated workers from their labor under the confines of the capitalism system. Because of the industrial revolution, many workers had to endure low wages, long hours and a substandard working environment under the exacting observation of profit driven owners. Alienation from Marx can be summarized into four different aspects: 1) the alienation of the worker from the product of his labor; 2) the alienation of the worker in the process of production; 3) the alienation of the worker from his creative self; and 4) the alienation of the worker from society (Hodsen & Sullivan, 2007). The worker no longer carries any connection to the product that they produce. Work is carried out in a monotonous and routine process where the worker is focused on a specialization of labor and they have little to no control over the disposition of the product. When a product is produced, he does not own it and only provides tangible goods for the capitalist to sell and make a profit. Products are not a conceived out of desire but rather as a means to an existence and consequently becomes a slave to the object. For Marx, the monotonous redundancy of this labor is highly...
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...Middle East as key source of feuds. Behind the world’s entire source of problems is a universal vice the whole world subjects itself to and that is money. The money has become the root of all evils. Disease, famine, political infighting human rights abuses are all products as a result of lack of money, control of money, and the hoarding of money. In this paper, the extent to which money has corrupt human beings is analyzed. The paper will look at the reasons as to why the evils due to money issue arise and how they are related to alienation as expressed by Karl Marx in his paper-alienated labor. Marx became revolutionary figure because he came to sure that capitalism could not be reformed. At the end, capitalism could only create estrangement and alienation. As Marx describes, there is important connections between greed, private property, the separation of labor, monopoly, exchange and competition, capital and landed property, value and devaluation of man and competition. There is connection between the entire systems of estrangement and that of the money system. Karl Marx perspective Karl points to the common connection between money and the evil. He demonstrates in the consumerism, greed, and profiteering characteristic of capitalism. “Money, and all it symbolizes, is the root of all evils in a deeper”. Money if viewed from outside the system may be seen to do something insidious. It eliminates the very concepts of evil. On the other hand, it makes it impossible to discriminate...
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...Alienation in my understanding is seen as the withdrawal or separation of people from each other or from what is important or meaningful to them. This can be expressed through a range of representations such as novels - Kite Runner, a poem – Polynesian old man and a film – The help. These certain depictions have enriched my understandings of how alienation can emerge from disconnections made through cultural and family matters Kite Runner by Khalid Hosseini expresses several different concepts; one significantly represented though is cultural alienation. In this text it highlights the contrast between two races that are present in Afghanistan, the Hazaras a lower class race that society looks down upon and treats as servants and the Pashtuns a higher class race that society has approved of. This is exposed by quotes reflecting the way the Pashtuns refer to the Hazaras, “You! The Hazara, look at me when I talk to you, you mice eating flat nosed donkey.” Throughout the novel these two races are continually compared and contrasted against one another, showing us they can become disconnected by stereotypes formed in certain societies. Throughout the novel the composer really exaggerates the disconnection by using certain techniques such as motifs and symbolism. The Hazaras lived in mud huts that were partially destroyed, broken down, with no living space. Whilst the Pashtuns lived in stable buildings with working facilities and were significantly larger, so by this it could...
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...values abroad. While two different cultures coincide, a lot of problems are revealed. Alienation and feminism are two prominent themes during the colonial period. Both problems are revealed through novels Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea and Bronte’s Jane Eyre with Rhys’s focus on the cultural and racial difference whereas Bronte’s focus on economic power and moral strength of female. Fanon in the “Wretched of the Earth” says that the only solution for the colonized people is through violence. This radical idea underlies premises which draws from the social norms during the time period. Fanon says “The colonial world is a world cut in two” (38, Fanon). When colonizers come to the colony, they deem their culture better than the indigenous one and their goal is to put their values above the local ones. Hence it draws a clear line between the colonizer and colonized people. Because of the stark dichotomy, there is always tension in the colonies. It is only through the eyes of characters who stand in between the dichotomy and the through the different reaction as they maneuver between different classes that shows the problem during colonization. In Wide Sargasso Sea, Ryes rewrites Bertha Mason in Jane Eyre. Instead of describing her through other people’s eyes, she gives Bertha her own voice; she has a history and goes through different emotions. It is a text which represents the issue of alienation, feminism and the representation on the European supremacy during the time period. Berta...
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...arts but does not really look at the true meaning behind all of this. The hidden theme. Alienation. “It is used to refer both to a personal psychological state and to a type of social relationship” (Kalekin, 1) Many may have heard of Marx theory. Karl Marx, a well known philosopher in the twentieth century went and pursued his calling. “[His] works inspired the foundation of many communist regimes” (“Karl”, 1). Istvan Meszaros clearly states Marx theory on the origination of alienation in a way that no man can ever forget. “It must be made equally clear, however, that such influences are exercised in the dialectical sense of ‘“continuity in discontinuity”’ (Meszaros, 1). There is very much “continuity in discontinuity” in literature, media, and the arts of today. In Mary Shelley’s book, Frankenstein, the hideous ‘monster’ that was created by Victor Frankenstein was frowned upon, fled from, and even abandoned by his own creator. This shows the inhumanity that society shows towards those who are different. “There was none among the myriads of men that existed who would pity or assist me; and should I feel kindness towards my enemies?” (Shelley, 115) The creature had merely a different look, but his emotions and desires were no different than any other human: love, companionship, and a sense of belonging. Many cast him away because his looks rang out evil. "I am alone and miserable; man will not associate with me; but one as deformed and horrible as myself would not deny herself...
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...April 5th, 2017 Isolation and Alienation The idea of alienation and isolation is the sense of not belonging to a community of to oneself. Throughout the novel Frankenstein, both Victor and Frankenstein experience isolation and alienation through society, family, and work to a point where it leads to being violent and antisocial. Throughout the story Shelley so different examples of isolation but the one we notice the most is the isolation and alienation of the monster, Frankenstein. He was created through isolation and alienation, being so different and not like the rest of society, Frankenstein kept to himself and hide away to be isolated. In the story Frankenstein and Victors paths...
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...Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. Karl Marx Estranged Labour ||XXII| We have proceeded from the premises of political economy. We have accepted its language and its laws. We presupposed private property, the separation of labor, capital and land, and of wages, profit of capital and rent of land – likewise division of labor, competition, the concept of exchange value, etc. On the basis of political economy itself, in its own words, we have shown that the worker sinks to the level of a commodity and becomes indeed the most wretched of commodities; that the wretchedness of the worker is in inverse proportion to the power and magnitude of his production; that the necessary result of competition is the accumulation of capital in a few hands, and thus the restoration of monopoly in a more terrible form; and that finally the distinction between capitalist and land rentier, like that between the tiller of the soil and the factory worker, disappears and that the whole of society must fall apart into the two classes – property owners and propertyless workers. Political economy starts with the fact of private property; it does not explain it to us. It expresses in general, abstract formulas the material process through which private property actually passes, and these formulas it then takes for laws. It does not comprehend these laws – i.e., it does not demonstrate how they arise from the very nature of private property. Political economy throws no light on the cause...
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...“What is a Precis” In his article, Karl Marx who is well known as a German philosopher, criticizes the position of alienation from the article “ Estranged Labor.” In a capitalist nation, Karl Marx discusses that when doing labor, alienation is a basic component which is required to control a physical presence. Evidently, Marx is different from other philosophers as he embraces to view man as a human being, as well as individual which is demonstrated in his article. Throughout Karl Marx’s text, the idea of alienation is consistently used and in his article, Karl introduces the four distinctive types of alienation. In his article, Karl Marx characterizes private property in which the capitalist society owns all resulting products, that are done by the laborers. When laborers are alienated from the products of their employment, this is known to be the first type of alienation, signifying that more the laborer yields, the fewer the laborer will have. The second type of alienation is when the workers are forced to do work and these workers are not satisfied. This means the workers are technically slaves to their owner. The third type of alienation that occurs in a capitalist society is when laborers are forced to work and are alienated from their bodies and human ability. Lastly, the fourth type of alienation is when the workers are alienated from having social contact with other workers in their work field. The importance of this article written by Karl Marx was to the show the basic...
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...Manuscripts (1844a) Marx explains that there are four aspects of alienated labour under capitalism. Wolff (2002, p. 29) writes: “The basic idea [of alienation] is that two things which belong together come apart” [1]. I shall be examining the four forms of alienated labour indicated by Marx in his Manuscripts and I will be using the concept of ‘unalienated labour’ as a tool to clarify what Marx meant by ‘alienated labour’. For, as Ollman puts it: “Alienation can only be grasped as the absence of unalienation, each state serving as a point of reference for the other. And for Marx, unalienation is the life man leads in communism” [2]. Marx explains that the capitalist alienates the products of labour from the workers by forcing them to produce products for both him and the buying public. But, according to Marx, since there would be no private property under communism, it is there that man would then be free to express his individuality through production (Marx, 1844b, p. 278). I will argue that although some will remain unconvinced by Marx’s theory of alienated labour because it relies on what they see as Marx’s warped conception of human nature, the theory is still useful to those struggling to understand the difficulties imposed on them by capitalist society. The first category of alienated labour analysed by Marx is: alienation from the product of labour. Under capitalism the workers produce products, but Marx argues they are alienated from the products they produce. One...
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...Author’s version of: Case, J. M. (2008). Alienation and engagement: Development of an alternative theoretical framework for understanding student learning. Higher Education, 55(3), 321 - 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10734-007-9057-5 Alienation and engagement: Development of an alternative theoretical framework for understanding student learning Jennifer M. Case Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cape Town Abstract In this paper it is suggested that the themes of alienation and engagement offer a productive alternative perspective for characterising the student experience of learning in higher education, compared to current dominant perspectives such as that offered by approaches to learning and related concepts. A conceptual and historical background of the concept of alienation is presented, followed by an overview of some contemporary perspectives. Drawing on this literature, a framework is then developed for characterising student learning. It comprises three categories, referring to the alienation resulting from 1. entering the higher education community, 2. fitting into the higher education community, and 3. staying in the higher education community. Each category has an associated set of theoretical tools that can be drawn upon in analysing this aspect of the student experience. Keywords: alienation, engagement, student learning, tertiary education, approaches to learning Address for correspondence: Dr J Case, Department of...
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...how humans adapt to various things to survive. There are many questions how people react when being alienated in the work place. Either A. The worker doesn’t accept being alienated, or B. The worker accepts alienation due to the fact they are content on meeting their living standards outside of the work place, so they suck it up and deal with the alienation. However, it is in human nature for...
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...Medieval charters of laudatio parentum were a convention whereby a member of family expressed their approval of the alienation of land. “In theory any family member could give the laudatio, but in practice, consent was most often given by immediate family, with a strong bias towards male heirs and spouses.” Although the practice was popular between the eleventh and twelfth century, it was seldom attested in charters before the eleventh century and it begun to decline in the thirteenth century. Statistical trends derived from charters raise many questions about its reliability, particularly whether charters survival in samples were accurately recorded. As the history of laudation parentum is subject to the various perspectives of authors focusing on different regions of France, how accurately charters were interpreted casts doubts on its...
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...COMBO _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Kafka wrote about the contradictions and anxieties of his time but the central theme of his works, indisputably, is the theme of alienation. Alienation is a complex subject which is linked with its vast historicity from the Judeo-Christian beginnings. To understand alienation in Kafka’s works, it is essential to understand its foundation within a socio-economic context of the modern society. In this regard, Karl Marx and his theory of alienation can help steering our way. The human society, as Marx had stressed in the Grundrisse, “does not consist of individuals; it expresses the sum of connections and relationships in which individuals find themselves”. Human beings therefore cannot exist independently of the society but are shaped by the society they live in. Human lives are dominated by natural and impersonal forces that control society to a great extent. While studying the nature and functioning of the capitalistic form of production Marx had discovered the uniqueness of human labor: “At the end of every labor-process, we get a result that already existed in the imagination of the laborer”. This physical and intellectual labor of man has resulted in the collective development of the productive forces and subsequently became capable of producing a surplus. By taking over control of the means of production, a particular minority class of people adroitly set themselves...
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