...Sexism in American Commerce: Past and Present Representations Sexism has become an integral commodity in the U.S. marketplace. Marketing experts and large corporations resort to this trait to bolster sales, reach out to target audiences, and deliver misrepresented perceptions of the female body. Sexism in advertisements has seemingly been one-dimensional as products advertised for men usually encompass this tactic more frequently than their female product counterparts. Moreover, this is a method that is not relatively new but, instead, has been incorporated into advertisements since the boom of big business in the early 1900’s. The two advertisements that I chose to share provide insightful information about the changing landscape of sexism...
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... The farmer extends his worn hand and pulls out a ripe onion. A smile spreads across his face as he imagines the journey of this vegetable, from his field to a factory, then to a middle-age woman’s hips. Each year, one ton of food enters the bodies of Americans, according to a 2011 survey (“Americans Are Obsessed”). Taking advantage of the amount of food Americans consume, food companies are offering “natural” and “organic” alternatives, but these alternatives are not as good as they sound. Alexia, one of the newest “all-natural” companies, sprouted up and has been causing damage since early 2015. But little to the Americans’ knowledge, Alexia is abusing the power of advertising to sell products that...
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...The Onset of Consumerism on our Youth through Massive Advertising By June 16, 2014 ENGL 101 – B17 LUO Professor Sholes Associates of Arts – Religion Turabian Format Philippians 4:19 reads “but my God shall supply all your need according to his riches in glory by Christ Jesus”. Twenty different translations of this text and not once does it mention God supplying wants. Yet, advertisements teach the youth of America today that they should have all of their wants, not just needs. Advertising agencies, through massive and expensive efforts, have infused the idea of ultra-consumerism into the lives of American youth as evidenced by the priorities and ideals exemplified by children at young ages and as adults. Companies have recognized the deep influence of advertising on young Americans as evidenced by their massive amounts of money and effort spent on targeting children. It is not hard to imagine that companies would see children as a true market for their products. In fact, children under eighteen years old being considered consumers is a widely accepted viewpoint. Even as far back as 1958, an American youth, a teenager in particular, was being referred to as a “merchandising frontier.” In 1998, advertising agencies spent $2 billion specifically towards children in order to promote their products. This formidable amount of funding translates to a significant amount of influential ad time. The astounding 40,000 commercials a child views in a year make up approximately...
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...Report Global Trust in Advertising and Brand Messages April 2012 CONSUMER TRUST IN “EARNED” ADVERTISING GROWS IN IMPORTANCE Trust in traditional paid advertising messages declines Earned media sources remain most credible Confidence in online and mobile advertising increases Regional variances offer global marketers opportunities Improved relevance in advertising has room to grow The voice of fellow consumers continues to be strongly heard when it comes to the most trusted forms of advertising. Ninetytwo percent of consumers around the world say they trust earned media, such as word-of-mouth or recommendations from friends and family, above all other forms of advertising—an increase of 18 percent since 2007, according to a new study from Nielsen, a leading global provider of information and insights into what consumers watch and buy. Online consumer reviews are the second most trusted source of brand information and messaging, with 70 percent of global consumers surveyed online indicating they trust messages on this platform, an increase of 15 percent in four years. Nielsen’s Global Trust in Advertising Survey of more than 28,000 Internet respondents in 56 countries shows that while nearly half of consumers around the world say they trust television (47%), magazine (47%) and newspaper ads (46%), confidence declined by 24 percent, 20 percent and 25 percent, respectively, between 2009 and 2011. Still, the majority of advertising dollars are spent on traditional...
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...Marketers in Overseas Advertising Campaigns There are many challenges to marketers in an overseas advertising campaign, but with those challenges, come many opportunities for marketers to take advantage of. Marketing around the world can be much different than the type that we are accustomed to in the United States, many countries do not have the same technological advances. www.marketing find.com concisely states “International marketing is no longer an option, but a strategic imperative. Businesses that focus primarily on their domestic markets will be left behind as their competition gains ‘first mover advantage’ “.A marketer has to change their strategy in other countries depending on laws, culture, and technology. Marketers face many challenges across the world and have to tailor their campaigns accordingly. The first thing that marketers should consider is what message they are trying to convey to consumers and why consumers should want or need their products/services. Customers place importance on various things around the world that Americans do not, such as “in China you cannot sell the same lines of cosmetics or shampoos nationwide”, as quoted from Cateora. American wants and needs do not always match the wants and needs of different countries, marketers have to find a way to justify that consumers need or want their products and/or services. Laws carry great importance, as they should, globally, influencing a marketers course of action in an advertising campaign. Marketing...
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...Throughout history marketing and advertising has been played an important role in the growth of American consumer culture. Marketing and advertising both have impact in the American culture. This is because producers use advertise and marketing technique to sell a particular product and service. Gender also played an important role in advertising and marketing. So the marketing and advertising role is the key in the growth of American consumer culture. According to the article “Airline advertising and the stewardess in America”, the American airline advertising mainly focuses on the female cabin staff in the 1950s and 1960s. The company was using a basic gender theory and marketing to increase their sales and to earn money. In the 1930s the...
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...building vehicles that were strong, fast, and beautifully. Chevrolet, Ford, and Dodge were vying for the number one muscle car. Out of this battle eventually came the Charger, Challenger, Mustang, and Camaro (just to name a few). However, even these vehicles could not compete with the Chevrolet Corvette. The Vette came out in 1953, the first of its kind. This car had it all: power, beauty, speed, and the price tag. The first 300 were actually hand-made, and made a splash to the American public and their new found wealth (Vettemasters.com, 2014). Along with the car, came one of the most illustrious advertising campaigns ever utilizing paper ads, radio, and even commercials. The ladder companies took years to come out with a comparable, but even those never made it to the stage the Vette has owned for the next four decades. Today, the Vette is still ahead of the American automotive curve; however, is beginning to fall behind its newest rivals from Europe and Asia. This car has the entire American history in its rearview mirror, and needs to decide where to go from here. Currently, it is still the fastest, strongest, and most agile production car for its price....
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...American Cultural Values that are Promoted in Advertisement Advertising is the most influential institution of socialization in the modern society. It is all around us that we cannot run away from it. From the article, “Beauty…and the Beast of Advertising” stated that advertising is an over 100 billion dollar a year industry and affects all of us throughout our lives. We are exposed to over 2000 ads a day, aiming to persuade consumers to buy a certain product. American values are culturally defined standards that people use to decide what is desirable, good, and beautiful that serve as broad guidelines for social living. In order to sell products, advertising has to appeal to people’s needs and prove how it can play a role in their lives. There are three American cultural values that are promoted in advertisement and those are beauty, work ethic and diversity. One of the American cultural values that is promoted in advertisement is beauty. Many woman are also obsessed living up to the beauty standard that advertisers set in place. In our society we grow up with perfection around us. We watch advertisement in the TV and look at ads,which have been photo-shopped into perfection. They can trick you into thinking the flawless model could be you if you buy their product, but in reality the model themselves are not even that perfect. The value they promotes sometime in advertising physically talks about the perfection of skin. Advertisement use the value of beauty to attract or...
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...Media Influences on American Culture Copyright © 2013, 2012, 2011, 2009 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description The course provides an introduction to the most prominent forms of media that influence and impact social, business, political, and popular culture in contemporary America. It explores the unique aspects of each medium as well as interactions across various media that combine to create rich environments for information sharing, entertainment, business, and social interaction in the United States and around the world. Policies Faculty and students will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Lule, J. (2012). Exploring media and culture. Irvington, NY: Flat World Knowledge, Inc. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: The Formative Influence of Mass Media on American Culture Details Objectives 1.1. Identify the effects of mass media on American culture. 1.2. Summarize...
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...Legendary Advertisers William Bernbach "I warn you against believing that advertising is a science." said William Bernbach, who is one of the legends in the field of advertising. He was worn in August 1911, New York. Ho got a degree from New York University in English. His career started with a job running Schenley Distillers mailroom. Al though it was during the time of depression, Bernbach managed to get to the advertising department after writing an ad for one of the company’s products ("The advertising century," n.d.). Bernbach moved on to several advertising agencies till he had met Ned Doyle and Mac Dane and found DDB. At DDB, Bernbach focused on creating ads for businesses. Dane and Doyle, experts in business, combined their efforts with Bernbach's creativity to push DDb to be the 11th biggest advertising agency in America in 1976. Bernbach passed away in October 1982, only a few years after setting DDB ("The advertising century," n.d.). Bernbach had received many awards during his reputable career. He was nominated into "The Copywriters Hall of Fame" in 1964 and selected as "Man of the Year Advertising Award" in 1963, 1965 and 1966. He got recognized as "The Top Advertising Agency President" in 1967. Among his many successful most famous ad campaigns are Volkswagen's "Think small" and Levy's Bakery's "Real Jewish Rye" ("Ad man of," n.d.). George Lois George Lois was born 1931 in New York City to parents of Greek origins. Lois went to High School of Music and...
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...Advertising Suggestions on Fitbit, Inc Advertising is an important part of marketing, it helps to sell goods, the good advertising can improve the visibility and the sales of product. The types of advertisements are varied, they are above-the-line advertising, below-the-line advertising and audio-visual advertising, etc. Improve the quality and creativity of advertising and attract the consumers’ attention, now is the main research of many brands. The first advertisement may have been a sign painted on a wall of a building. The early outdoor-advertising competitors were town criers employed by merchants to praise their goods. It was Gutenberg's invention of the moveable-type printing press in 1450 that resulted in the mass production of posters...
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...used to give information to the public about and announce publicly in a newspaper, on the radio or television as well. Institutional advertising has for a century sought to build corporate reputations without appealing for sales. Political advertising solicits a vote or a contribution, not a purchase. Usually, to authors distinguish advertising from salesmanship by defining it as mediated persuasion aimed at an audience rather than one-to-one communication with a potential customer. In the 1700s, the year that advertisement began with Benjamin Franklin publishing the Pennsylvania Gazette in Philadelphia, which include pages of "new advertisements?” Then Benjamin Franklin's General Magazine prints the first American magazine ads." By 1784 The Pennsylvania Packet & Daily Advertiser, America's first successful daily newspaper starts in Philadelphia. Many publications banned advertising while others limited the space to one column width. Even though advertising was limited to one column, Benjamin Day publishes the Sun, the first successful "penny newspaper" in New York. By 1837, circulation reaches 30,000, making it the world's largest newspaper. However by 1870 there were over 5,000 newspapers in circulation which carried advertising and the demand for advertising services was rapidly growing. . A particularly disturbing form of early American advertisements was notices of slave sales or appeals for the capture of escaped slaves. Historians have used these advertisements as sources...
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...The Pros of Advertising Food on Television There are several advantages to advertising on television. One of the main ones and the most obvious is visual. You cannot do this on the radio. You can advertise anything on television simply by having an ad run continuously even on just one station. With visuals, people can actually see what they are buying which is one of the main keys to selling your product. You can add audio if you choose too or play audio from the product if that is the type of product you are advertising. It is much easier to get your point across in television add than a radio add. Within the first few seconds of a commercial, you already know if you want to buy the product or not because they will throw everything they have at you within the first 10 seconds. The rest of the commercial is just icing on the cake. Depending on what you are advertising, you have many channels at your disposal. If you are advertising something sports related, you may want to run ads on ESPN, Fox Sports, NBA TV, NFL Network and so on and so forth. If you are advertising something music related, you may want to run ads on BET, MTV, VH1, and channels like those. If you are advertising something to do with cooking, you have a myriad of cooking channels to choose from. The list goes on and on. There is probably a station or two that specializes in whatever you are advertising. If for some reason you cannot get your ad onto one of those major networks, you can go the local...
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...Advertising to children: Is it ethical? This articles primary focus is whether or not it is unethical to direct advertising towards children. The author, Rebecca A. Clay leans towards the stand point of it being unethical for companies to direct advertising towards children of a young age. It is not simply that she feels that advertising towards young children is unethical rather more so the use of psychology to manipulate the under developed minds of the young children. In the article, points against using the skill of psychology are primary collected from a single source, which she refers to multiple times, (Allen D. Kanner, PhD.) She does mention that he is a part of a group of 60 psychologists’ that sent a controversial letter to the APA, protesting involvement in advertising towards children. But fails to list any other sources demonstrating a study of impact that advertising has on children. For example, another credible source of information to assist her points of the damaging effects can have on children and their parents is from, Wilcox, professor of psychology and director of the Center on Children, Families and the Law at the University of Nebraska. Wilcox mentions, “When I talk to parents they are quite concerned about advertising effects on their children. They have to live with children making unreasonable purchasing request from the advertisement they see- toys they want, food that is not good for them. This can be difficult for parents to manage.” Offering...
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...MEDIA Advertising and Commercial Culture 345 Early Developments in American Advertising 351 The Shape of U.S. Advertising Today 359 Persuasive Techniques in Contemporary Advertising 366 Commercial Speech and Regulating Advertising 374 Advertising, Politics, and Democracy Back in 1993, the trade magazine Adweek wrote about “The Ultimate Network”— something called the Internet: “Advertisers and agencies take note: It has the potential to become the next great mass/personal medium.”1 The prediction was correct, if not understated. The Internet has become a huge medium for advertisers, targeting audiences more precisely than any medium before it. Yet, none of the venerable ad agencies at that time could have guessed that an Internet start-up—Google— would become bigger than the leading multinational advertising holding companies like Omnicom, WPP, Interpublic, and Publicis. Nearly 99 percent of Google’s $16.6 billion revenue in 2007 came from advertising. THE BUSINESS OF MASS MEDIA B 343 ‘ ADVERTISING However, Google is different from the Madison Avenue agencies. It doesn’t design witty, slick ad campaigns. Instead, it facilitates the dull but effective text-based sponsored links that appear in Google searches or on affiliated sites. “We are in the really boring part of the business…the boring big business,” Google’s CEO Eric Schmidt says.2 What Google’s ads lack in creativity, they make up in precision. Google’s AdWords advertising system has made advertising both...
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