...Reactivity or the Hawthorn Effect: 1. If you know someone is watching you, you will always act differently. Sociological Imagination: By C. Wright Mills 1. We as researchers need to use our imagination to come up with creative ways to study human behavior. Institution: 1. An excepted way of doing things 5 Major Social Institutions: 1. Family 2. Religion 3. Healthcare 4. Economics 5. Education Founders of Sociology: 1. August Comte- Positive thinker - Comedern Sociology - Social Force - Social Statics- The force of cooperation and cohesion (Togetherness) - Social Dynamics- The forces of conflict and change Karl Marx: - Negative thinker father of communism Communism- There is no rich and no poor everyone is equal 1. 1800’s Germany 2. Industrial Revolution 3. Father of Communism 4. Wrote the communist manifesto along with Frederick Engles 5. Father of conflict theory - Rich get richer at the expense of the poor. A. Bourgeoisies- Rich factory owners B. Proletarian- Poor Workers Max Weber (v) 1. Conflict Theory 2. Alienation- We become reduced to a number 3. Rationalization- We no longer hiring family we are now hiring the best person for the job. Emile Durkheim: - Very positive thinker 1. Functionalist theory 2. Studies what is the glue that holds...
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...To understand why people use suicide bombing as a strategy for violence, you must first know what a suicide attack is. A suicide attack "a violent attack in which the attacker expects to die in the process". Suicide bombings have occurred numerous times in history, dating back to the first suicide bombings in the 1800's. Some wonder if Suicide attacks are because of religious beliefs and/or mental disorders. But most studies and interviews have shown that that is not the case. But the question that has been asked countless times is; what provokes people to carry out such a tragic action? Looking at the statistics, studies show that many suicide bombers are not the stereotypical extremists that have nothing to live for. According to one article, while recruited bombers are mentally ill, there are many recruits who come from more normal sides of life (brittanica.com). This is...
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...performed. What is euthanasia? When a person decides that they no longer want to live and want to end their lives medically it is known as assisted suicide which is known as euthanasia. (Pereira) Euthanasia is when a medically trained professional lethally injects a medicine that will cause the patient to face a non...
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...After the Reconstruction era, African American gains voting rights and full citizenship. Many former slaves saw the opportunity of freedom and equality. On the contrary, African Americans lost many of the rights gained from the Reconstruction era. The Jim Crow law was a system of government racial oppression and segregation in the United States (The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow). Jim Crow was a series of strict anti-black laws, preventing blacks the right to vote, separation in public transit as well as facilities. For example, in 1905, Georgia established separate parks for blacks and whites (Pilgrim, Dr. David). Blacks were denied the right to vote by grandfather clauses, poll taxes, and literacy test. “In 1896, Louisiana had 130,334 registered...
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...The slaves were tired and sick of being controlled by white men that they started to runaway. African Americans wanted to be free, so in doing so they began to rebel (De Mederio, 2009). Slave found way to sabotage the system they were living in. They slowed down their pace, murdered the owners, destroyed crops, burned down buildings/forests, and commited suicide (Africans America, n.d.). Most slaves who tried to runaway to freedom got caught and were whipped and branded (Rothbard, 2013). To control runaways, they were put in chains and shackles (Digital History, 2016). Slaves that were even caught planning for rebellion would be executed (De Medeiro, 2009). Doubling the term of indenture was common for slaves who started to leave (Rothbard,...
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...opinions. It talks about all the myths about gun control, one myth is that gun control is a losing battle for Democrats. But, that is false because many democrats have voiced their opinion on the topic. Another myth is that guns are deadliest as murder weapons which has been also proven false because statistics show that gun suicide is more common than gun homocide. Another myth is that American schools have become shooting galleries. Horrible incidents like Sandy Hook and Columbine have happened but schools are still a safe place. Schools are starting to take a lot of precautions like lock down drills, metal detectors, and the presense of a resource officer. “…the odds of a child dying from a violent attack at school are about one in a million.”which may be very comforting to you but unfortunetely not to the families in connecticut and elsewhere. Another myth Robert talks about in this article is that gun regulations are incompatible with America’s gun heritage, but today four states have completely elimintated permits for handgun ownership and carrying. The last myth that Robert talks about is that the Second Amendment was intended to protect the right of Americans to raise up against a tyrannical government. If that was true it would defeat the whole purpose of the Bill of Rights. Robert writes, “When we think of settlers of colonial America and the 19th-century Wild West, we often picture fearless frontiersmen defending hearth and home from predators. But while gun possession is...
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...United Church of Christ: The Church affirms individual freedom and responsibility. It has not asserted that hastened dying is the Christian position, but the right to choose is a legitimate Christian decision. Mainline and Liberal Christian denominations: Pro-choice statements have been made by the United Church of Christ, and the Methodist Church on the US West coast. The 'Episcopalian (Anglican) Unitarian, Methodist, Presbyterian and Quaker movements are amongst the most liberal, allowing at least individual decision making in cases of active euthanasia The BBC wrote in an Aug. 3, 2009 online article titled "Religion & Ethics - Christianity: Euthanasia - the Christian View" on www.bbc.co.uk: "Christians are mostly against euthanasia. The arguments are usually based on the beliefs that life is given by God, and that human beings are made in God's image. Some churches also emphasise the importance of not interfering with the natural process of death... Christians believe that the intrinsic dignity and value of human lives means that the value of each human life is identical. They don't think that human dignity and value are measured by mobility, intelligence, or any achievements in life. Valuing human beings as equal just because they are human beings has clear implications for thinking about euthanasia: • patients in a persistent vegetative state, although seriously damaged, remain living human beings, and so their intrinsic value remains the same as anyone...
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...Native American The history of the Native American goes as far back as 1492 when Christopher Columbus first came in contact with Native Americans in Bahamas. “The name “indian” was given to them from Christopher Columbus who mistakenly thought he had landed in the “Indies”. (History.com Staff, 2009) How the attitude and image of the Native American people would change with the induction of the early settlers in Virginia in 1607. With the increase in immigration of settlers and the greed of the “white man” to lay claim to Indian lands, violence erupted in their conquest. After the American Revolution, Britain released all of its North American holdings to the United States. The claims of Native Americans were completely eradicated by this action. For a short time, United States regulated under the presumption that the Indians were overthrown, and therefore, had no rights or claims to the land. On May 28, 1830 Congress passes the Indian Removal Act, allowing the president to pursue ownership of all Indian lands east of the Mississippi River. Under this act, the Indians would be paid back with new lands drawn from the public land west of the Mississippi River. President Andrew Jackson was relentless during the 1830s, despite Supreme Court rulings in favor of the Indian Nation, to remove all eastern Indians to land west of the Mississippi River. During Andrew Jackson’s presidency he scheduled to remove over 90,000 Native Americans. President...
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...Residential schooling and Indian Boarding schooling have both been used throughout Canada and America. It was said to be a solution for the “Indian problem”. For many others who attended, it was a time of abuse and desecration of culture. The first residential school opened in the 1800’s. Under the Indian Act, it became mandatory for every Indian child between the ages of 4 and 16 to attend a residential school or boarding school and it is illegal for them to attend any other educational institution. There are two objective views that the government wanted to establish with these schooling systems. The first one is to isolate the children from their families, so they can be converted and educated into the “white” culture. The second view is...
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...CONTRIBUTORS IN SOCIOLOGY Auguste Comte-(1898-1857) He is considered as father of sociology. Comte was born at Montpellier, in France. He founded the philosophy of positivism, and originated a concept of social science known as sociology. Comte sought to discover the laws that he believed governed the evolution of the mind. In his six-volume work, The Course of Positive Philosophy (1830-1842), he framed his "law of the three states." This law advanced the idea that people try to understand phenomena in three ways. Comte believed that people first seek a theological (supernatural) explanation; then a metaphysical (abstract) explanation; and finally a positive explanation. The positive explanation is derived from an objective examination of the phenomena. Comte believed that students should concern themselves only with phenomena that have an objective, "positive," existence. This belief forms a basis of positivism. He also has given importance to "social static and social Mobility" and cleared that changes of society can be understood on these basis. His contribution in field of Social reconstruction is related to social welfare of human beings, which should be studied with social methods. Comte regarded all social thought as an interrelated whole, the laws of which can be found by assembling what he considered the facts. His ideas have influenced students of historical and social theory, and of criminology, and such authors as Herbert Spencer and John Stuart...
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...the age of eight. His mother died at ten years old to disease, but Alexander found a man willing to take him in. When that man committed suicide, Alexander went to live on his own. When he was fourteen, a hurricane struck his town and destroyed everything he had. Undeterred, he made the most of the situation and wrote a story about the events. His writing was so good the leader of his village led an effort to raise money for him to go to college in America. He had made his way up from a child who should have never been born to the prodigy of his hometown. When he...
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...many ethnicities who are guilty of this. Also basing attractiveness solely on race is fetishizing which is common when it comes to how many males from other race think of Asian females. This suggests how institutionalized racism lives in America, often times in ways many don't even realize. It’s not a surprise anymore that people start believing in those myths especially since we reside in an environment where it continues to increase sexual stereotypes that’s out of date and harmful. If we don't learn from history, we're doomed to repeat it. It’s essential to know about the history when Asians first started immigrating to the United States since that has to do a lot with how they are treated and viewed in the media ‘till this day. Since 1800, when Asian immigrants began coming to America as cheap labor forces, Asian men have faced cold and harsh discrimination. Some laws even prevented Asian males from owning property, making them legally less than a man. Other laws prohibited them from heavy industry work which forced Asian men to work on jobs like laundry and cooking, which made them seem more effeminate. It gets worse when Chinese Exclusion Act was signed by Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all Chinese immigrants which left thousands of the Chinese men who were already in America without the possibility marrying someone. The reason behind that is because of anti-miscegenation laws which prevented from Asian male to marry another race such as White female. Also...
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...As time progressed in America during the 1800s, slavery proved to become more and more of an issue that simply could not be ignored, and incidentally, a polarizing issue which acted as a knife slowly delving into the 'United' States of America. And as it progressively crescendoed to more of a major issue, it came with its consequences of its perpetuation. One of these consequences, perhaps one of the most destructive, were slave rebellions and conspiracies. Though no rebellion or conspiracy ever came successful to achieving its goal (of course with conspiracy never achieving its goal), either being aborted or sabotaged, each left an impact that would have to be addressed at some point. One of said rebellions (in a sense, the lack thereof) which, nonetheless, left a big impact in antebellum America would be Gabriel's Conspiracy....
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...comes as no surprise that out of the 20% of poverty stricken children in America, African American, and Latino children exceed 40%. In fact, children of color are overrepresented in the foster care system and are the least likely to be reunited with their families. This overrepresentation is driven by, racial discrimination, social oppression, negative social conditions, and economic injustice. But this is not to exclude racism within the child welfare system in itself. The child welfare specialists are encouraged to respond with familiarity and compassion to individuals from a wide diversity of cultural backgrounds. “… Social welfare systems do not arise in a vacuum; they stem from the customs, statutes, and practices of the past. Therefore, one cannot understand current efforts to help the needy without first comprehending the foundations on which they were built.” --Walter I. Trattner History of African Americans Social welfare developed from both communal and secluded services in the United States and North America. Most social welfare policy experts take the place before 1932 and the formation of governmentally supported programs. Even the most exclusive services were provided under segregated policies within the society. To grasp the historic distribution of services to African Americans community, one must understand the early progressions of the social welfare system, African Americans were cared for in different historical compasses and exempted from governmental services...
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...it’s bad for one’s health, and it can be the most preventable cause of someone’s death. Tobacco is one of the most deadliest, yet legal drugs known to mankind. According to CDC (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), “Smoking causes 443,000 deaths each year in the United States. 443,000. That’s more than the population of some small cities in America. Cigarettes take more lives than automobile accidents, alcohol abuse, illegal drugs, AIDS, murder, and suicide all combined. (Edward M. Kennedy). Tobacco contains nicotine which is one of the most addictive chemicals that exist. Nicotine is actually used to kill insects, and is more addictive than the illegal drug famously known as crack cocaine. But nicotine is just one of the many deadly chemicals in cigarettes. The deadly habit of smoking tobacco has actually existed for centuries. According to an article titled “Smoking” from 2010,” The dangers of tobacco were not always well known. It was smoked by early Native Americans during religious ceremonies. European explorers to the New World took tobacco plants with them, and the use of tobacco became common in Europe by about 1600. At first, most users smoked the dried leaves in pipes or cigars, or inhaled powdered tobacco, called snuff. Not everyone embraced tobacco. Some considered its use immoral or...
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