...management control system case analysis solution and analysis Analog Devices, Incorporated: Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) From a conference room on the top floor of the four-story semiconductor manufacturing facility, Ray Stata briefly took in the view of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) campus. In particular, he noticed the building under construction that would soon bear his name. Asked how this particular honor felt, Mr. Stata responded with a humble shrug. However, when asked about the Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) business, Mr. Stata was willing to show considerable pride. Mr. Stata was Chairman of Analog Devices, Incorporated (ADI), a company which he co-founded in 1965. MEMS was one division. He had invested a tremendous amount of personal attention and energy to the success of MEMS – and risked his reputation. In fact, without his vision and dedicated leadership, this ambitious, entrepreneurial effort would have collapsed under mounting losses several years earlier. During one three-year stretch, from 1997 to 2000, Mr. Stata had decided to simultaneously serve as Chairman of ADI and General Manager of the MEMS division in order to keep the venture alive. In 2002, Mr. Stata regarded the MEMS business as a jewel. With worldwide technical supremacy that had been built over fifteen years, the business was profitable, and the long-term growth prospects appeared tremendous. Still, he readily acknowledged that many...
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...| Analog and Digital Comparison | NTC/362 Fundamentals in Networking | EDWARD BROWN | Jose Giralt | 3/18/2013 | | A signal is simply the transmission of data from one place to another place. In our day to day life we deal with various signals constantly like signals from music, power lines, telephones, and cellular devices. Analog and digital are two kinds of signals which are used for the transmission of information from source to destination. Usually the information to be transmitted from one place to another is either audio or video. This information signal is then transformed into those signals which can be transmitted via different channels. For the analog format, the data is transformed into electrical pulses with varying amplitude while for the digital format; the data is transformed into binary format representing two amplitudes. We have various such equipment like analog or digital phones, fax machines, modems, clocks, watches etc. Analog technology is the older one and has been used for decades. It is cheap too but the problem with analog signals is that there is a limitation on the size of the data that can be transmitted at any given point of time. With the advent of digital technology many improvements and new techniques have been introduced. Now days almost every appliance or equipment is based on digital technology. In this, the transmitter translate the data into binary form and the receiver re assemble and produces the...
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...concerned with the transmission of information by electrical means using digital communication techniques. Information may be transmitted from one point to another using either digital or analog communication systems. In a digital communication system, the information is processed so that it can be represented by a sequence of discrete messages as shown in Figure 1–1. The digital source in Figure 1–1 may be the result of sampling and quantizing an analog source such as speech, or it may represent a naturally digital source such as an electronic mail file. In either case, each message is one of a finite set containing q messages. If q = 2, the source is referred to as a binary source, and the two possible digit values are called bits, a contraction for binary digits. Note also that source outputs, whether discrete or analog, are inherently random. If they were not, there would be no need for a communication system. For example, expanding on the case where the digital information results from an analog source, consider a sensor whose output voltage at any given time instant may assume a continuum of values. This waveform may be processed by sampling at appropriately spaced time instants, quantizing these samples, and converting each quantized sample to a binary number (i.e., an analog-to-digital converter). Each sample value is therefore represented by a sequence of 1s and 0s, and the communication system associates the message 1 with a transmitted signal s1(t) and the message 0...
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...a) Vacuum Tube b) Chip c) Binary device d) Transistor CET3116 Assignment 1 – Spring 2015 2 Question 4 (1 point) The power of a modern computer is essentially governed by the number of ____. Question 4 options: a) Vacuum tubes b) Keyboards c) Interconnections d) Transistors Question 5 (1 point) Who was the co-founder of Intel? a) Michael Dell b) John Fleming c) Bill Gates d) Gordon Moore Question 6 (1 point) Which type of signal varies smoothly and continuously over time? a) b) c) Digital signal Analog signal All of the above d) None of the above CET3116 Assignment 1 – Spring 2015 3 Question 7 (1 point) There are a(n) _______Infinite____ number of signal values within an analog signal. Infinite Question 8 (1 point) Which of the following is a term that refers to a countable number of measurements? a) b) c) Analog Discrete All of the above d) None of the above Question 9 (1 point) Which of the following are examples of analog devices? a) b) c) Mercury thermometer Traditional photograph camera (film camera) Videocassette (VHS or Betamax) d) All of the above CET3116 Assignment 1 – Spring 2015 4 Question 10 (1 point) Which of the following are examples of digital devices? a) b) c) d) Mercury thermometer Traditional photograph camera Computer Both...
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...ANALOG AND DIGITAL SIGNAL 1.1 Analog signal An analog or analogue signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature (variable) of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e., analog to another time varying signal. For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous voltage of the signal varies continuously with the pressure of the sound waves. It differs from a digital signal, in which a continuous quantity is represented by a discrete function which can only take on one of a finite number of values. The term analog signal usually refers to electrical signals; however, mechanical, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey analog signals. An analog signal uses some property of the medium to convey the signal's information. For example, an aneroid barometer uses rotary position as the signal to convey pressure information. In an electrical signal, the voltage, current, or frequency of the signal may be varied to represent the information. Any information may be conveyed by an analog signal; often such a signal is a measured response to changes in physical phenomena, such as sound, light, temperature, position, or pressure. The physical variable is converted to an analog signal by a transducer. For example, in sound recording, fluctuations in air pressure (that is to say, sound) strike the diaphragm of a microphone which induces corresponding fluctuations in the current produced by a coil in an electromagnetic...
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...personal computer or some type of device. Computers offer businesses many options to organize data, personal information and other essential information. Information technology though it may seem new it's not, it has been around for a while now. It has been around so long that information technology can be broken down into 4 main ages. There is the premechanical age, the mechanical age, the electromechanical age, and the electronic age. The premechanical age is around the time of 3000 B.C and 1450 A.D. Yes we're talking caveman. Some of man's first communications were performed by drawings and carvings on rocks. This technology was called petroglyths. The along came the alphabet and we as people began writing information down. We were writing so much that libraries had to be developed to store and keep what was being written. The mechanical age was the time between 1450 and 1840 a lot of new things were developed in this time frame. The analog computer and slide rule considered to big inventions during this age. The electromechanical age takes place during 1840 and 1940 with the beginnings of...
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...Resonant Pulse Converters Chapter 11 (or 8) Prepared by Dr. Mohammad Abdul Mannan Assistant P f A i t t Professor, Department of EEE D t t f American International University - Bangladesh Disadvantages of PWM Controlled Switching Devices in Converters The disadvantages of PWM controlled switching devices in converters are as follows: 1. The devices are turned “on” or “off” at the load current with a high di/dt value, 2. The it h 2 Th switches are subjected t a hi h lt bj t d to high-voltage stress, t 3. The switching power loss of a device increases linearly with the switching frequency. 4. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) is produce due to high di/dt and dv/dt in the converter wave forms. The above mentioned disadvantages can be eliminated or minimized if the switching devices are turned “on” and “off” when th voltage across a d i and/or it current b h the lt device d/ its t becomes zero. The inverter in which the voltage and current are forced to pass through zero crossing by using an LC-resonant circuit is circuit, called calling a resonant pulse inverter. Classification of Resonant Pulse Inverters The resonant converters can be classified into eight types: 1. Series-resonant inverters, 2. Parallel-resonant inverters, 3. Class E resonant converters, 3 Cl t t 4. Class E resonant rectifiers, 5. Zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) resonant inverters, 6. Zero-current-switching (ZCS) resonant inverters, 7. Two-quadrant zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) resonant inverters...
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...1. Why did Google make this move? What do they hope to accomplish? Congress had mandated the airwaves in the 700MHz band be vacated in February 2009, forcing analog TV broadcasters off those channels as part of a long-anticipated switch to all-digital television. The bid done four years ago offered free wireless broadband access using that spectrum with inherent physical properties, which allow signals to travel farther and more easily penetrate walls, and Comcast and Verizon claiming that it was “unfair competition” and that cities would be violating their commitments to offer local monopolies to these companies opposed it. While Google's entrance was likely to turn the wireless world upside-down, market disruption is not its motivation. Google's priority as a public company is to make a profit; having a Google-branded wireless service would attract a good deal more eyeballs to its ad-based services. And mobile, in some ways, is particularly fruitful for advertising. Owning the spectrum would gave Google an advantage in local advertising, which is tailor-made for mobile use as people look for nearby restaurants, gas stations, or copy shops, and would also gave Google a boost in international markets. Google has managed to turn Web search into a billionaire business on PCs by selling simple text ads that appear with search results. Imagine how lucrative that market will be when the ads, including local advertising, can get to the far reaches of the world where there aren't...
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...How Computer Fraud and Abuse Evolved Before 1984 there was little that could be done about computer fraud. In 1984 the Counterfeit Access Device and Computer Fraud and Abuse Act was the first legislation on computer fraud. The act made it a misdemeanor to illegally retrieve financial and credit information by computer. Also, the act made it illegal to cause harm to other computer systems. Around this time, what constitutes computer crime was still an ongoing discussion. As a Federal Act, only half of the states passed similar statues. (History of Computer Crime) The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act can be violated in two ways, either by an outsider trespasses into a computer or by someone on the inside who exceed their given authorization and go beyond their standard expectation. The first person who was charged for violating the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act was Robert T. Morris Jr. He caused harm to many universities and government computers by releasing a worm and was the creator of the first computer virus. He argued that he had only just exceeded his authorized access and not accessed the computers without authorization. To exceed authorization defined by the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act as “to access a computer with authorization and to use such access to obtain or alter information in the computer that the accesser is not entitled so to obtain or alter." The court found Morris guilty of acting without authorization. (Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA)) As the internet...
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...) Future Work-------------------------------------------------------------(7) References----------------------------------------------------------------(8) Appendix A--------------------------------------------------------------(9) Appendix B--------------------------------------------------------------(10) Abstract We introduce one method of addressing the problem of finding the Revolutions per minute of a DC motor without the use of a commercial tachometer, through the use of Dragon Board-12 embedded system. The method we chose to use involved setting up a low pass filter circuit to reduce noise and voltage to a level that the safe for use with the Dragon Board-12. The output from the low-pass filter was then passed through an analog to digital converter which was coded using C code, to convert the signal into a machine readable input. The input was then converted into revolutions per minute and then stored for 15ms, at which time an average was taken (to reduce noise) and then sent to the LCD screen as the tachometer output in revolutions per minute. Introduction In modern days, with the increased usage of Dragon 12-plus USB trainer in universities, more and more applications have been created on the board. The Dragon 12-plus USB trainer is a low cost, featured-packed training board for the new Freescale HCS12 microcontroller family. The board is compatible with the Freescale 9S12DP256EVB board and other similar development boards on the market today, but it also...
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...As I twist my mind thinking about the topic that has given to me. I fist thought that this topic is very easy. In connection to easy, it is very short. Now the problem comes up, how I will balance my thoughts into wording in a ten pages essay? It is hard for us to expand the issue of these laconic ideas that build my theme. On the day that this essay project introduced to us, professor said that he asked other seminarian especially the higher year, and they said that the ten pages essay is not enough for them. Yes, for them, but for us, a beginner in the turf of philosophy, it is very difficult to us to do this work and just say 'job well done'. This article of essay project will measure are transcendental ability, to go beyond our limit. Moreover, I think this is lessons that I will learn from this work. We are learning our subject and in the same time, we are exceeding our potentials and widening our mind in the society or community we belong. While I am thinking on how to set up my theme into organized details, brain storming and concept mapping pop in the lead. In addition, I found out that my topic was full of vast ideas. Thinking that my topic was so easy, yes it is so easy but full of thoughts. For me enable to swim this wide ocean of ideas, I need to configure my thoughts and get the pearl of the orient of each subject matter that are included here. The title of my essay is technology and morality. It has a two parts; first, the part one, “the effect of computer...
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...Technology * Is the purposeful application of information in the degree of production and utilization of good and services in the organization of human activities. Five Categories 1. Tangible – blue prints, prototypes, and operating manual 2. Intangible – problem solving and training methods 3. High – powerful force 4. Intermediate – medium level of force 5. Low – labor or weaker force Five Common Uses of Technologies in the Classroom 1. Social media and websites 2. Ipad and laptops 3. Teachers are using SMARTBOARDS and clickers 4. Computer based standardized test to predict the performance of the student in one year 5. Computer reading are monitored via computer based reading programs TIM BERNERS LEE * Invented the world wide web in 1989 (4th generation computer) HISTORY OF COMPUTER Early Ideas 1. Abacus – the oldest calculating machine develop by Chinese as early 2600 BC 2. Slide Rule – 17th century helps to produces multiplication an divisions result instantly 3. Adding Machine – Blaise Pascal * 1623-1662 * Machine that can be add and subtract easily 4. Leibniz Machine - developed by Godfried Leibniz in 1671 * machine that could multiply and divide as well as add and subtracted 5. Difference Engine – Charles Babbage in 1821, use in mathematical tables 6. Analytical Engine – a general purpose computer concerned by Charles Babbage Early Computers * Punched Cards * Joseph Marie Jackquard ...
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...Demo 2 Patient Monitoring System Through Internet Patient Monitoring System through Internet is system used to track off the patient’s health statue. For example some this system will inform the doctor with patient’s heart’s pumping rate, blood’s pressure rate, and many other necessary things. Each activity in the body have different signal in this system so the doctor can differentiate each activity for what it belongs for. For instance if the activity was for brain’s signals it will be (ECG), for the heart (EEG), and for muscles (EMG). These signals called biological signals and made as a form of electrical signals. Bioelectrical signals show various biological activities. This system needs electrodes to extract signals from the body. This system works by attaching devices on special places on the patient body and each part in the body represents a special kind of signals. This system has several parts and one of these parts is Isolation Amplifier. Isolation Amplifier is made to transfer signals to system but also it’s a main reason for patient’s safety because it prevents signals from going back. Imagine that these amplifiers don’t prevent signals from going back. What would happen? Simply the system will cause the patient and electric shock. The second part is called Bio-potential amplifier, which it acts on bioelectric signals. Signal from patient is gone to increase level of signal by the bio-potential amplifier. All the amplifiers are made to recommend the...
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...Lesson Plan Library * SHARE THIS PAGE: * EMAIL * FACEBOOK * TWITTER * MORE Invention: Computer Technology * Subject: Technology * | * Grade(s): 6-8 * | * Duration: One class periods Lesson Plan Sections * Objectives * | * Materials * | * Procedures * | * Adaptations * | * Discussion Questions * | * Evaluation * | * Extensions * | * Suggested Readings * | * Links * | * Vocabulary * | * Academic Standards Objectives | Students will understand the following: 1. | Inventions can change the way we live. | 2. | Many inventions start out with design flaws and are refined later by subsequent inventors and designers. | 3. | The computer, invented in 1834 by Charles Babbage and still being refined, is an example of such an invention. | | Materials | For this lesson, you will need: • | If possible, an encyclopedia dated 1980 or earlier, with an entry for computer | • | A computer with Internet access | | Procedures | 1. | Ask students if they know who invented the computer. If they don't know, inform them that, in 1884, Charles Babbage, an English mathematician, tried to build a complicated machine called the "analytical engine." It was mechanical, rather than electronic, and Babbage never completed it, but computers today are based on many of the principles he used in his design. Your students may be interested to know that, as recently as forty years ago, computers were so large...
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...Analog / Digital Conversion Casey Doolan NTC 362 April 29, 2013 Eddie Horton Analog / Digital Conversion When you start the conversion from analog to digital there are three steps that need to be done to get the ball rolling 1) everything starts with the transmission of the original data, 2) then you have the modulation and 3) then receiver receives the information and they make sure there is no reduction in the quality of the signal. When you have a binary signal, it is made up of binary digits 1 and 0 and if there is no “noise” or “distortion” during the transmission of the information then everything will stay the same. If there is a change in the signal it will be measured by the receiver, encoding will not be necessary because the information that is being transferred will be converted into a binary form. An example of this in voice communications through telephones because when a call is made it is not in any type of binary form, they are analog signals that vary is value and must be converted into digital form so that it can be used in a digital communications system. When you convert a digital signal to an analog signal you must use a converter and in this case the converter is a DAC (digital-to-analog converter). What the DAC does is it accepts the discrete binary value and it will convert them into a continuously varying value of an analog signal. If you don’t monitor the conversion, then the sound quality of the signal might be affected. Examples of...
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