...I am Hmong and, a girl. And because of those two things I had always felt like I was limited to a lot of things in my household, school and community. Growing up in the ethnicity and culture I was raised upon, there were many things that had shaped my life, and has affected my life positively and negatively. In my hmong culture growing up with a lot of siblings and being the oldest daughter and second oldest, there were many things that i had huge responsibility over. My responsibility would have to be this girl who was able to cook and clean, and be able to nurture my family almost like a mom, but not really. And that is a stereotypical thing for girls/women too. That has shaped my life negatively by making me feel as if i was limited to things, like sports, being outspoken and being expressive with my emotions. And not only had it just limit things, i think its something that i struggle with even today. But on that note, positively it has made me even more passionate about women’s empowerment. It also shaped my life by giving me first hand experience to be a learner and responsible for the actions I take. Its definitely made me more thoughtful and caring for others. My culture has also definitely affected the way I spoke and talk. Growing up I was not taught to articulate my words and convey my thoughts to words. And that is something that, in...
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...Critical Analysis of a Literary Work By Debbie Cresta Submitted to, Brian Foxworth, in partial fulfillment of HCE604 Ethics for Nurse Leaders Regis University December 5, 2013 Critical Analysis of a Literary Work When looking over the topics of choice, one book stood out among the rest. The ethical dilemma was clearly spelled out for anyone to see. Things are not always what they seem to be, they are not often black and white and at times require that we take our time to really examine our choices and how we come to reach them. Although there are many ethical dilemmas within the content of the story and some may be very hard to pin down, finding just one specific health care ethical issue to talk about can be considered a daunting task. First we must understand that the word ethics means different things to different people and that in reality its very definition can describe their own version of moral philosophy. It is conceivably much harder to understand the issues between what is right and what is wrong, the problems that may exist between ethics and morality, one’s integrity and the many existing belief systems. It is not as simple as black or white or what constitutes good behavior as oppose to bad. We must remember that one man’s poison may be another’s choice of practicing healing methods. We must remember that we live in world that has vast cultural belief systems, ethical values, and religious beliefs, therefore we must practice our western medicine without...
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...THE STATE OF HMONG-AMERICAN STUDIES (A BIBLIOGRAPHIC ESSAY) By Mark E. Pfeifer, PhD Director, Hmong Resource Center, Saint Paul Editor, Hmong Studies Journal Introduction In the newly published volume Hmong/Miao in Asia, Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books, co-editor Nicholas Tapp provides an insightful essay “The State of Hmong Studies: An Essay on Bibliography” which traces the temporal development of research on the Hmong and assesses some of the key works within the interdisciplinary realm of Hmong Studies. Tapp’s essay is very valuable as an overview of the growth of Hmong Studies research based in Asia. Unfortunately, the sections of his piece pertaining to Hmong-American Studies, are, as he himself acknowledges, dated as they are heavily focused on publications from the 1980s and early 1990s. It is the purpose of the present short essay to provide the reader with an assessment of recent developments in Hmong-American Studies and some insights about certain research areas that need further development in the field. Health and Medicine Hmong-American Studies research has grown dramatically since the early 1990s. The Hmong Resource Center library in Saint Paul now possesses more than 150 dissertations/theses and 450 journal articles pertaining to HmongAmericans (as opposed to Hmong in Asia and other countries). The vast majority 1 of these works have been published since 1994. There are certain fields within Hmong-American Studies that have seen very important...
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...For Hmong who maintain their traditional beliefs in America, the scientific worldview and Western medicine, have challenged their entire means of understanding the world. Likewise, Hmong beliefs have done the same to Western medical practice. The coexistence of sacred space and medical space has created a need for mutual understanding of worldviews. Through stories drawn from Symonds and Fadiman, it is possible to see how Hmong practice has created a therapeutic myth that closely resembles American medical practice of sickness and health. Through analysis of these two worldviews, I will demonstrate how Hmong cosmology and American medical practice are closely related in the story of Lia Lee. For the Hmong, the shaman plays a crucial role in...
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...Hmong Culture vs Western Medicine: A Social Constructionist Analysis Throughout Lia Lee’s medical journey, both her doctors and her family struggled to understand one another’s behavior resulting in misunderstandings, alienation, and distrust between the two parties. The social constructionist perspective and related theories on human behavior, such as symbolic interactionism, can be used to analyze the complicated and confusing relationship between the Lee family and the Merced County Medical Center doctors. The social constructionist perspective, as defined in the book Human Behavior and the Social Environment, states that “people construct meaning, sense of self, and a social world through their interactions with each other,” Hustchison, 2019, p 52....
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...Promoting Cultural Sensitivity A Practical Guide for Tuberculosis Programs That Provide Services to Hmong Persons from Laos U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Hla dej yuav hle khau; Tsiv teb tsaws chaw yuav hle hau. “When you cross a river, take off your sandals; when you emigrate from one country to another, take off your hat.” –Hmong Proverb Promoting Cultural Sensitivity A Practical Guide for Tuberculosis Programs That Provide Services to Hmong Persons from Laos Female elder. © Frank Carter. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2008 For Additional Information For more information or for a list of available guides, please contact: Division of Tuberculosis Elimination National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Mailstop E-10 Atlanta, GA 30333 Phone: (404) 639-8120 Web site: http://www.cdc.gov/tb Suggested Citation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2008). Promoting Cultural Sensitivity: A Practical Guide for Tuberculosis Programs That Provide Services to Hmong Persons from Laos. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2 Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intended Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...Praise for The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down “Fadiman describes with extraordinary skill the colliding worlds of Western medicine and Hmong culture.” —The New Yorker “This fine book recounts a poignant tragedy…It has no heroes or villains, but it has an abundance of innocent suffering, and it most certainly does have a moral…[A] sad, excellent book.” —Melvin Konner, The New York Times Book Review “An intriguing, spirit-lifting, extraordinary exploration of two cultures in uneasy coexistence…A wonderful aspect of Fadiman’s book is her even-handed, detailed presentation of these disparate cultures and divergent views—not with cool, dispassionate fairness but rather with a warm, involved interest that sees and embraces both sides of each issue…Superb, informal cultural anthropology—eye-opening, readable, utterly engaging.” —Carole Horn, The Washington Post Book World “This is a book that should be deeply disturbing to anyone who has given so much as a moment’s thought to the state of American medicine. But it is much more…People are presented as [Fadiman] saw them, in their humility and their frailty—and their nobility.” —Sherwin B. Nuland, The New Republic 3/462 “Anne Fadiman’s phenomenal first book, The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down, brings to life the enduring power of parental love in an impoverished refugee family struggling to protect their seriously ill infant daughter and ancient spiritual traditions from the tyranny of welfare bureaucrats and intolerant...
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...Hmong World View and Social Structure According to Durkheim (1961), the source of what we regard as sacred or religious lies within our own image. The deities and spirits we pay respect to are but "society transfigured" for in the final analysis we only worship our society. It is society which is both the cause and the expression of religious sentiments through regular ritual representations (Aron, 1967: 53) These rights constitute beliefs enacted for the purpose of preserving a sense of belonging for the participants and maintaining them together as a group. They not only tie the members of the group to each other "but also to the past and the future generations" (Cohen, 1871: 180). Religious ideas, in the words of Bachofen (Leaf, 1979: 118), define fundamental relations in society, showing internal structures similar to the actual behaviour or the believers. The supernatural order is in general based on the social relationships of the group. It validates and regulates these relationships, thereby conserving the social orders. In this paper, I will discuss the social organisation of the Hmong of Laos and Thailand in relation to their religious beliefs in order to see if the two spheres mutually interact to maintain the broader social system. It has been said that ancestral spirits are no more than "a projection of the authority system of the living - the lineage elders elevated to a supernatural plane" (Keesing and Keesing 1971: 309). How true is this of the Hmong? I will...
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...Gran Torino Film Analysis Norma J Morehead Intercultural/International Communication 10 June 2012 Cultural conflict and popular culture are two experiences in life that assist in defining intercultural communication and how its influence affects our daily intercommunication. Cultural conflict is inevitable as we live out our daily lives in the identities we have selected for ourselves, the identities relating to our ethnicity and in those identities others have selected for us. These identities are bound to conflict with another individual’s identities which is why there is a need for understanding what intercultural communication is and how it can be enhanced becomes vital to peaceful living around the world. Popular culture is a reference point for information used to determine who we want to be, who we are, and what we want in life. Popular culture has its good attributes and its bad attributes, both shape our society. Popular culture as it relates to television, video games, music videos and print media has a negative reputation because it is driven by money. There are characteristics of popular culture that are positive and enrich the lives of individuals such as the fine arts; the symphony, theatre, and museums. In a free society we are fortunate to have a choice. We are a free society and we want to remain a free society which makes the need for successful intercultural communication that much more important to achieve. Released in 2008, the film Gran Torino...
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...Online Business Expansion Plan for Clovis Transit A1. Online Business Viability Clovis Transit is a public transportation agency located in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California. Clovis Transit provides two types of transportation – fixed route and paratransit. The fixed route service is called Stageline and runs regular routes throughout the city of Clovis proper and into some portions of the neighboring town, Fresno. The paratransit service is called RoundUp and provides service to disabled residents of the city. Clovis Transit is considered a mid-sized transit agency and provides approximately 300,000 trips per year. The city brands itself in the western motif with the goal of maintaining a small-town feel and personality while still serving a population of just short of 100,000 citizens. Passengers who use Clovis Transit fall into three main categories: low income, student, and disabled riders. These riders are considered “transit dependent” which means they have no other choice for transportation beyond the bus and therefore marketing has remained a low priority. The City of Clovis maintains a website that provides access to all its departments including Transit. The Transit department’s website currently contains basic information about the services offered and various forms and documents that can be downloaded by the user. Because the department serves two distinct customer groups, regular fixed-route transit riders and disabled citizens, there is an opportunity...
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...Immigrants A familiar story of the American narrative and a great theme in psychology of second generation is that the children of immigrants believe that they are the main reason for immigration of their parents who in most cases stake their hopes for future on the success of their children. Perceiving the sacrifices that are made by parents, seemingly on their behalf, not any amount of guilt toward their parents touches the children and drives their motivation to obtain a dynamic which in turn can offer the immigrant parents some level of psychological control over their offspring. Growing up in the immigrant families is usually marked by discordant acculturation, when the children’s learning of new ways and simultaneous loss of immigrant culture outstrips that of parents. When this occurs, linguistic and cultural gaps among them can exacerbate the intergenerational conflicts; make the children feel ashamed of their parents as they attempt to blend with the native friends, and lead to reversal roles, as the children take up adult roles earlier by dint of situations. All families of immigrants must contend with “stress and storm†adolescence and “generation gapsâ€, and the acculturation to new society. This is often a conflictive and complex process that is full of fault lines that are non-reducible to simplistic elaborations of parental pressure or peer pressure. Nevertheless, at the heart of the matter is the relation between children and their immigrant parents, and contradictions...
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...Immigrants A familiar story of the American narrative and a great theme in psychology of second generation is that the children of immigrants believe that they are the main reason for immigration of their parents who in most cases stake their hopes for future on the success of their children. Perceiving the sacrifices that are made by parents, seemingly on their behalf, not any amount of guilt toward their parents touches the children and drives their motivation to obtain a dynamic which in turn can offer the immigrant parents some level of psychological control over their offspring. Growing up in the immigrant families is usually marked by discordant acculturation, when the children’s learning of new ways and simultaneous loss of immigrant culture outstrips that of parents. When this occurs, linguistic and cultural gaps among them can exacerbate the intergenerational conflicts; make the children feel ashamed of their parents as they attempt to blend with the native friends, and lead to reversal roles, as the children take up adult roles earlier by dint of situations. All families of immigrants must contend with “stress and storm†adolescence and “generation gapsâ€, and the acculturation to new society. This is often a conflictive and complex process that is full of fault lines that are non-reducible to simplistic elaborations of parental pressure or peer pressure. Nevertheless, at the heart of the matter is the relation between children and their immigrant parents, and contradictions...
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...Immigrants A familiar story of the American narrative and a great theme in psychology of second generation is that the children of immigrants believe that they are the main reason for immigration of their parents who in most cases stake their hopes for future on the success of their children. Perceiving the sacrifices that are made by parents, seemingly on their behalf, not any amount of guilt toward their parents touches the children and drives their motivation to obtain a dynamic which in turn can offer the immigrant parents some level of psychological control over their offspring. Growing up in the immigrant families is usually marked by discordant acculturation, when the children’s learning of new ways and simultaneous loss of immigrant culture outstrips that of parents. When this occurs, linguistic and cultural gaps among them can exacerbate the intergenerational conflicts; make the children feel ashamed of their parents as they attempt to blend with the native friends, and lead to reversal roles, as the children take up adult roles earlier by dint of situations. All families of immigrants must contend with “stress and storm” adolescence and “generation gaps”, and the acculturation to new society. This is often a conflictive and complex process that is full of fault lines that are non-reducible to simplistic elaborations of parental pressure or peer pressure. Nevertheless, at the heart of the matter is the relation between children and their immigrant parents, and contradictions...
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...Customer Inserts His/her Name Customer Inserts Tutor’s Name Customer Inserts Grade Course (06, 07, 2012) Racism in criminal justice system Introduction Justice is a term that we hear a lot in our everyday life and also accept it although many of us might have a doubt as to what it truly means. Justice is the phenomenon through which we could achieve righteousness and equality. But unfortunately racism has been a common practice in the criminal justice system. Racism is actually discrimination against a group or individual based on color, social and financial status. It is something that occurs more than we notice. Many scholars believe that racism play a more important role in targeting and sentencing process in the criminal justice system and this is something which should not happen in any country no matter what. In order to understand the role that racism plays in the criminal justice system we must, first, look at the role that it plays before the criminal reaches the day of sentencing in the court. There are various publications that speak on profiling and actuarial methods which unwillingly get people into the system. Though these are two major components of the discriminatory acts that exist within the criminal justice system, it does not actually begin with these institutionalized methods. It is the laws and crime control policies that create discrimination in the system. It has been witnessed that in some instances these laws and policies are set in favor...
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...11 Issues Chapter of Reporting, Disclosure and Financial Analysis Questions for Review and Discussion 1. The two main adjustment are likely to be the addition of capital assets and longterm obligations. 2. The main adjustments are likely to be: the addition of depreciation expense and gains or losses from the sale of capital assets and the deletion of amounts spent to acquire capital assets and the proceeds from the sale of capital assets the deletion of long-term debt proceeds and amounts spent to repay long-term debts and the addition of any gain or loss on the retirement of debt and the amortization of any debt premium or discount. 3. The key criterion is financial accountability the primary government either appoints a voting majority of the units governing body or a majority of the units governing body is composed of primary government officials and the primary government is able to impose its will upon the potential component unit or there is the potential for the organization to provide specific financial benefits to, or impose specific financial burdens on, the primary government. 4. Discrete presentation is when one or more component units are reported in separate columns, in addition to those pertaining to the primary government. Blending is when the component units transactions and balances are reported as if they were part of the primary government that is, the component units funds are accounted for just as they were funds of the primary government. Blending is...
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