...Metaphor Analysis The Sea and Dry Land In his Preface to the play, Bolt informs the reader his main metaphors are the sea and dry land, to suggest the supernatural order vs. the human order. The sea is formless, vast, and unpredictable. The land is security, home, order, what is known. Thomas More paradoxically clings to the safety of law and land but finds himself swept by his religious faith out to sea. Bolt did not want a purely naturalistic play, he says, and the metaphors are a way to add scope and philosophic depth, as in a poem. Thomas More is a home-loving man with his house and family in Chelsea and their well-ordered ways. In addition, he is a lawyer who believes in the law as the safeguard of the citizens: “The law is a causeway upon which, so long as he keeps to it, a citizen may walk safely” (Act Two, p. 153). At his trial, More says to the Court which has condemned him through a perjury, “God help the people whose Statesmen walk your road” (Act Two, p. 157). The government should create and safeguard well-kept roads for the people. There should be landmarks, agreement about the best way to go and how to get there. This is what makes a civilization, and More fervently believes in and lives according to the letter of the law. He believes himself safe, because he knows the law so well that he is sure his silence cannot be interpreted as treason. The Common Man, who provides narration and commentary, remarks in an early scene, “The great thing’s not to get...
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...Laza Smith Prof Johnson Eng 200 April 22 2012 Formal Essay #2. The poems “metaphors” by Sylvia Plath and “the mother” by Gwendolyn Brooks both have the same theme of pregnancy. Alongside “hills like white elephants” by Ernest Hemingway, they talk about the trials and tribulation that comes with having being pregnant. Sylvia Plath begins the poem with a riddle which gives us a clue to the structure of the poem and its theme, she says, “I’m a riddle in nine syllables” (Plath line 1). A woman carries a baby for 9 months. The writer also uses the first 9 lines for the 9 month s of pregnancy, by describing herself as nine syllables. She also uses metaphors to describe the pregnant woman in the second and third line. She says she’s “An elephant, a ponderous house” (Plath 2), here she describes how a pregnant woman might see herself. It could have other meaning; since elephants have very long gestation periods, the pregnancy may feel like an eternity to the woman. In line 3, Plath says, “A melon, strolling on two tendrils” meaning (in a funny way) the baby has totally taken over her life. The fifth line describes the unborn child. The writer says, “O red fruit, ivory, fine timbers!”(Plath 6) She uses the “O” expression which is old English(mostly used n the bible) to address a god/goddess or king The melon is red internally (as common for new-born babies) ; the elephant’s body will be plundered for the only thing that it has of value; which is its ivory. The house is nothing...
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...Conceptual analysis and specification of Morgan’s metaphors using the CAST method Taken from: Gazendam, Henk W.M. (1993). Variety Controls Variety: On the Use of Organization Theories in Information Management. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff. 400 pp. ISBN 90-01-32950-0. 4.2. An overview of Morgan's metaphors Morgan (1986) distinguishes eight metaphors for organizations: machine, organism, brain, culture, political system, psychic prison, flux and transformation, and instrument of domination. Each metaphor highlights other aspects of organizational life (see Figure 4.1.). For further analysis, the metaphors can be grouped into three groups: the machine group, the organism group, and the mind group. The machine group only contains the machine metaphor (Paragraph 4.3.). The organism group focuses on the dynamic relationship of organization and environment and contains the organism metaphor and the flux and transformation metaphor (Paragraph 4.4.). The mind group (Paragraph 4.5.) contains two subgroups. The first mind subgroup concentrates on the relationship between the minds of persons and the organization as a social construct; it contains the brain metaphor, the culture metaphor, and the psychic prison metaphor. The second mind subgroup focuses on coordination mechanisms and power plays, and encompasses the political system metaphor and the instrument of domination metaphor. metaphor machine highlights efficiency, quality, and timeliness of production processes in a machine...
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...bringing additional imagery into verse, making the abstract concrete, making literary works more sensuous. The third, figurative is a way of adding emotional intensity to otherwise merely informative statements and conveying attitudes along with information. And the last, it is a way of saying much in brief compass. She divides figurative language into seven types, namely metaphor, simile, personification, metonymy, paradox, overstatement, understatement, irony and illusion. 2 Keraf (1998: 129) divided majas (figures of speech) into two classifications, namely majas retoris (rhetoric) and majas kiasan (analogy). The first classification covers illiteracy, assonances, anastrophe, apophasis, apostrophe, asyndeton, polycyndenton, chiasmus, ellipsis, euphemism, litotes, paradox, hyperbole and oxymoron. Meanwhile the later covers simile, metaphor, allegory, personification, allusion, metonymy, irony and synecdoche. Another Indonesian linguist, Muliono (1989) divided majas or gaya bahasa into three categories. They are majas kiasan or perumpamaan/perbandingan (analogy/comparison) which consists of simile, metaphor and personification,...
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...An analysis of William Cullen Bryant and His Use of Metaphor Introduction William Cullen Bryant, American romantic poet, wrote numerous poems that are still read to date. Bryant’s works have received various criticisms from different renowned authors and scholars. Among the works that William did is “Thanatopsis," “To a Waterfowl Meaning," “The Prairies”, and others. These works depict the use of various literary genres such as romance and drama. The works also show the use of various figures of speech like the metaphor, personification, and anaphora. William skillfully uses metaphors in the poem to bring out the theme of death that is evident throughout the poem. Therefore, the paper focuses on the analysis of the William’s use of metaphors...
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...A Comparative Study of Metaphor in British and United States of America (US) Political Discourse Student’s Name University Affiliation Comparative Study of Metaphor in British and United States of America (US) Political Discourse Abstract This study offers a research on the application of metaphor in the discourse of cultural and political aspects between these two countries; The United States of America and Great Britain. As a result, this is an analysis of the various factors related to the perspective in terms of the cultural and socio-political phenomenon, in which a lot of attention is placed on the elements ascertaining the pragmatic, variable, and cognitive details of the British and US's political discourses: The inaugural speeches of four US presidents and party political manifestos of two British political parties during the period between 1974 and 1997 are analysed. The main purpose of undertaking this kind of comparative study of the British and the American political discourses is quite evident, these discourses symbolize intriguing and complex methods of cultural values and political differences as depicted in the respective linguistic contexts. The key findings are that metaphors from the domains of conflict, journey and buildings are general across the divide. However, the British corpus contain metaphors that draw on the source domain of plants whereas the American corpus hugely draws on source domains like fire and light and the physical environments that are...
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...WEEK 8 FINAL PAPER: DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS Purpose The purpose of this diagnostic analysis is to create an opportunity to use the ideas and concepts discussed in the course in the analysis of a real organizational situation. The situation may be drawn from your experiences, or if you are not working or do not have a frame of reference, then research an organization through the online library (www.greatplacetowork.com/). Your choice of the situation is important and will take considerable judgment and discretion in deciding whether it is feasible to use it for the purposes of the papers. Discretion and confidentiality are of utmost importance in this analysis. So, disguise the source of the case study (unless it is drawn from public record) through use of appropriate pseudonyms. Learning objectives of the Final Paper: 1. Identify an organizational situation for the purpose of analysis (the situation must be sufficiently complex to generate enough material to satisfy the requirements as outlined below) 2. Analyze how the images, concepts and theoretical frameworks help to make sense of the situation 3. Construct a case study that relates evidence to theory and provide an appropriate analysis and explanation of the situation described Organizational Analysis in a Nutshell Organizational analysis is the ability to examine an organization/organizational situation so that its fundamental characteristics are made clear. It is not simply spotting problems...
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...Black by asserting a radical view on metaphor: “Our ordinary conceptual system, in terms of which we both think and act, is fundamentally metaphorical in nature.”48 In this discussion of interaction views, there are some insightful notions with respect to metaphor. First, metaphor highlights certain features while hiding others.49 Second, metaphorical coherence between ostensibly inconsistent metaphors serves to share common entailments.50 In other words, each different metaphor interacts together coherently to highlight multiple aspects of the concept. For Richards, Black, Lakoff and Johnson, commonplaces are culturally determined and culturally specific, attention must be given to the associated commonplaces of...
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...extracting, aesthetic and meaningful, emotional information from the literary text. The second chapter is concerned with the semantic and stylistic analysis of the epithet. In the work the epithet is determined as a stylistic device based on the interplay of emotive and logical meaning in a attributive word, phrase or even sentence used to characterize an object and pointing out to the reader. The epithet always has the emotional meaning or emotional color due to peculiarities of semantic structure of adjectives. For the purpose of study of linguistic nature of epithet we dwell on the problem of lexical and stylistic meaning of adjectives. The use of adjectives as epithet as preconditioned by the contact and functional characteristics that is predicativeness, stylistic churdge and liability for stylistic actualization in the context. Next undertake the study the types of epithet and its informational meaning in the text. We suggested the following classification of the epithet: conventional or standing; explanatory, metaphorical, mixed and syntactical types of epithet (invertational and phrase). Under the conventional epithet we understand the firm combinations, which point out the property of the subject. The explanatory epithet points out the main feature of the word. The metaphorical epithet is treated as a sort of explicit metaphor. Conclusion In the conclusion section we’d like to write brief in formations about lexical stylistic...
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...the orator, the situation the crowd confronts, the topic of the speech and the using of words- the using of stylistic devices. The goal of any political speech is persuasion - you want to bring the crowd around to your point of view, whether that means convincing them to vote for you. So the frequent and wide use of stylistic devices is an important characteristic of political speeches which is an effective way to make these speeches more attractive, lively and more persuasive. A stylistic device is an example of the figurative use of words, which produces a particularly rhetorical effect when people use the language creatively in a specified context so all politicians use stylistic devices in political speeches. In the realm of discourse analysis, the typical linguistic features of political speeches have so far been the focus of attention of many linguists and researchers. However, there are not many studies of the language used in political speeches, especially stylistic devices used in political speeches of...
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...Creative metaphor in three creation myths Introduction In this essay I will analyse the creative use of metaphor in three creation myths: Japanese, Chinese and Australian aboriginal creation myths. Before going into the detailed analysis of each creation myth, I will first consider the most appropriate framework by outlining the concept of cognitive metaphor and its uses. I will also draw on historical and cultural background information of each creation myth to provide the context for my analysis. I will then employ the chosen framework to analyse the three creation myths and draw particular attention to the interplay of metaphor and language creativity. Finally, I will evaluate the effectiveness of the chosen framework by considering how far it enables me to interpret creation mythology in context. Cognitive metaphor theory Traditional approaches have regarded metaphor mainly as a rhetorical or artistic figure of speech (Johnson, 1989). Cognitive metaphor theory coming more recently has recognised metaphor as a persistent trait in human thoughts. It is based on the foundation that metaphor is not limited to literary texts but is a pervasive feature in all language uses (Jeffries and McIntyre, 2010). Lakoff, Johnson and Turner were the forerunners in establishing cognitive metaphor theory (Lakoff and Johnson, 1980; Turner, 1987; Lakoff and Turner, 1989). In the classic work Metaphor We Live By, Lakoff and Johnson (1980) argue that metaphor is not merely a matter of language...
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...Summative Rhetorical Analysis Essay Format. Intro=hook+precis 3 body paragraphs, one about each choice: 2 pieces of evidence Commentary linking choice to SOAP Final body paragraph ends with a concluding idea. Summative Rhetorical Analysis Outline Choice 1: Repetitions Choice 2: Different Perspectives Choice 3: Use of metaphors Evidence 1: The word “Breath”. Connection to SOAP: Purpose- the hardships of having to breathe and what they have to do just to breathe. Evidence 1: If you’re white, you may be thinking, “They certainly aren’t socially distant.”. Connection to SOAP: Purpose- the different lives you live depending on what color you are and how you are treated. Evidence 1: “Racism in America is like dust in the air”. It seems invisible....
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...THE CONCEPT OF ANGER IN ENGLISH AND LITHUANIAN AND ITS TRANSLATION MASTER THESIS Research Adviser: Dr. L. Stankevicien_ CONTENTS Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………3 I. The Review on the Emotion Lexis Research ……………………………………………….….6 II. Linguistic Expression of the Concept and Principles of Its Contrastive Analysis……………12 1. Concept as an Object of Cognitive Linguistics ………………………………………...12 2. Specifity of Emotion Concepts …………………………………………………………16 3. Cognitive Theory of Metaphor and Its Application in Comparative Researches……….19 III. The Levels of the Analysis of the Concept of Anger and the Peculiarities of Its Translation……………………………………………………………………………………….25 1. Lexicographical Level…………………………………………………………………...25 2. The Level of Scenario of Prototypical Situation………………………………………...33 2.1. The Cause of Anger……………………………………………………………...34 2.2. The Manifestation of Anger……………………………………………………...37 2.3. The Attempt at Controlling Anger……………………………………………….42 2.4. The Loss of Control……………………………………………………………...45 2.5. The Retribution…………………………………………………………………..49 3. The Level of Conceptual Metaphors and the Peculiarities of Translation of the Concept of Anger…………………………………………………………………………………….50 3.1. ANGER IS A HOT FLUID IN A CONTAINER ……………………………….53 3.2. ANGER IS HEAT……………………………………………………………….58 3.3. ANGER IS FIRE………………………………………………………………...60 3.4. ANGER IS A LIVING BEING………………………………………………….63 3.5. ANGER IS AN OPPONENT IN A STRUGGLE……………………………….65 3.6. ANGER...
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...The Winter's Tale: Metaphor Analysis Metaphor Analysis Metaphor Analysis Imagery When Leontes' jealousy erupts, he employs images of disease and poison. Railing against the immorality of women, he says, "Physic for't there's none" (Act 1, scene 2, line 200), i.e. it is like a disease for which there is no remedy. Leontes continues in the same speech, "many thousand on's, / Have the disease." The poison image occurs when he compares himself to a man who has unwittingly drunk a spider that was in a cup. (It was believed that this was poisonous if the person was aware that he had swallowed the spider.) The images of disease and poison are appropriate for Leontes' jealous state of mind. In the second part of the play, the dominant images change. Caroline Spurgeon comments in her book, Shakespeare's Imagery, that the imagery communicates a sense of "the common flow of life through all things, in nature and man alike the oneness of rhythm, of law of movement, in the human body and human emotions with the great fundamental rhythmical movements of nature herself" (p. 305). This is most noticeable in Act 4, in which images of nature dominate. It is as if the natural and human worlds come together in harmony, as well as the realm of the gods. This is of course appropriate, since the "disease" of Leontes' jealousy is being overcome by the natural tendency of life to regenerate itself. The nature images are especially apparent in the sheep-shearing scene (Act 4, scene 4), which...
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...Imagery in Hamlet Hamlet is one of the most widely read works of literature. It's an exploration of the multifaceted world of adolescence. This world is full of confusion, thoughtfulness, intimacy, and action. It's a study in how a young person emerging into adulthood attempts to cope. In Hamlet, Shakespeare allows his hero to dream and to think through his dreams (Williams). Hamlet is a revenge tragedy and by the end, almost every character has died in some tragic or gruesome way. In this play, Shakespeare makes use of imagery, allegory, metaphor, and symbolism. In particular, the symbols of the ghost, the garden, and flowers, along with imagery and metaphors for madness are used to convey specific ideas which provide depth and complexity to this story. The ghost is a pivotal symbol and appears throughout Hamlet. Is the ghost Hamlet's father or is it Hamlet himself? Is the ghost real or is it part of Hamlet's imagination? The ghost claims he is Hamlet's father. He says he was murdered by Claudius, Hamlet's Uncle who is now wed to Hamlet's mother and who is also sitting on the throne. He also says his sins must be wiped clean before he can ascend to heaven. His soul is "doomed" to endure "sulph'rous and tormenting flames" until the "foul crimes done in [his] days of nature / Are burnt and purged away" (1.5.6; 17-18). The ghost requires revenge and this is an odd request given the religious context, yet this is what sets the revenge plot in motion. Father's Ghost. My hour...
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