...George Washington was commander in chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He served two terms as the first U.S. president. He was the son of a prosperous planter and Washington was raised in Virginia. He worked as a surveyor then fought in the French and Indian War. He led the new American forces against the British in the War for Independence. Washington commanded the army that drove the British out of Boston. His superior knowledge of military strategy led to the capture of two major divisions of the British Army at Saratoga and Yorktown and that’s he helped them winning. Washington hurt them because Now it was no longer to make Indians independent of federal but to permanently enshrine that federal oversight. Protecting Indians...
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...One of the most significant and impactful presidential elections in the United States was the Election of 1832. Lynn Hudson Parsons’s book The Birth of Modern Politics: Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, and the Election of 1828 details this election as well as its place in shaping modern politics through the examination of the two major candidates of the election: John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson. Parsons claims that not only did this election outline many of the political trends of elections that are still present to this day, such as the creation and greater utilization of nominating conventions, meetings, pamphlets, parades, speeches, political campaigning, as well as the use of propaganda, but that everything that transpired in the...
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...During his time as president Andrew Jackson had to deal with a large number of issues facing the country, such as a financial crisis, increasing sectionalism throughout the country, and the Native Americans. While many historians consider Jackson to be one of our greatest president, his domestic policies were ultimately detrimental to the well being of the country; therefore, he was not a great president but a immoral, corrupt leader, whose victories in the war of 1812 and his popularity overshadow his atrocious presidency. From his racism to his abuse of the executive branch, Jackson’s presidency was anything other than great. One of the biggest issues of Jackson’s presidency was the nullification crisis. The crisis took place as a result...
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...major personalities that played important roles during the war. It highlights their achievments and setbacks and Osuala 2 also takes a look at how they were instrumental to different causes and in general, their influences on the war at large. Stay tuned. Introduction There were so many people who took part in the American Civil war of 1861-1865 which was between the Confederacy and the Union. By the end of the war,over 730,000 soldiers and sailors died in the conflict (Shi and Tindall 506). Some of the most influential names that are still in the conversation today are people like Abraham Lincoln: As the 16th president of the United states, he became commander in chief of the union army and during the civil war issued the...
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...Revolution. For this reason, the inventions ultimately changed the livelihoods of Americans across the United States, making their lives much easier and simpler. One of the most famous inventions that greatly impacted how Americans lived was Howe’s sewing machine, which was later improved upon by Isaac Singer. Because of Singer’s sewing machine, it not only “revolutionized” women’s work, but also allowed women to have more leisure time to themselves. Another invention that influenced how people of the 18th century worked was McCormick’s reaper. Instead of harvesting less than a half of an acre a day, McCormick’s reaper now enabled farmers to...
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...APUSH Study Guide 8 A weak Confederacy and the Constitution, 1776-1790 Themes/Constructs: The federal Constitution represented a moderately conservative reaction against the democratilizing effects of the Revolution and the Articles of Confederation. The American Revolution was not a radical transformation like the French or Russian revolutions, but it produced political innovations and some social change in the direction of greater equality and democracy. The American Revolution did not overturn the social order, but it did produce substantial changes in social customs, political institutions, and ideas about society and government. Among the changes were the separation of church and state in some places, the abolition of slavery in the North, written political constitutions, and a shift in political power from the eastern seaboard toward the frontier. The first weak government, the Articles of Confederation, was unable to exercise real authority, although it did successfully deal with the western lands issue. The Confederation’s weakness in handling foreign policy, commerce and the Shays Rebellion spurred the movement to alter the Articles. Instead of revising the Articles, the well-off delegates to the Constitutional Convention created a charter for a whole new government. In a series of compromises, the convention produced a plan that provided for a vigorous central government, a strong executive, the protection for property, while still upholding republican...
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...Native American Relocation Native American culture and its role in American history have always been a fascinating subject. There have been reading assignments on Native American’s removal and resistance, Black Hawk and his rebellion, and Emerson’s letter to President Van Buren. These pieces gave us a brief overview of America’s goals at the time, the action they took to achieve these goals, the Native Americans’ reaction, and the opinions held by the American people. These readings only scratched the surface of Native Americans and the role they have played in American History. The main cause of the interaction between Americans and the Native Americans was an increase in demand for land by Americans. As they pushed west and south, the frequency of interactions with Native Americans increased and so did hostility. I am aware that land demand issues were normally approached at first with peaceful negations. The American government would meet with the tribes and develop a treaty that resulted in less land for the Native Americans and more land for Americans. This would satisfy the Americans for a period of time but demand for land would just continue to increase. At this point Indians would either get restless and rebellions would ensue or Americans would violate the treaties and make moves on the Native’s land. In either situation the superior force of the American troops would result in them defeating the Indians. The Indians would then be forced to comply with American demands...
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...However, this time, President Roosevelt claimed that America would not engage in the war because they were fighting their own war against the Depression. Nevertheless, Roosevelt hoped to become a “good neighbor” by providing support to Latin America to fight against opposition. However, his Good Neighbor Policy backfired because the greedy Latin Americans took advantage of the help and of the US’s isolationist policy to seize some of America’s most valued markets including oil properties. The Patriots were furious and demanded that the US give up their noninterventionist ideals and actively participate in the war. But, Congress still refused to declare war because although misbehavior in Latin America angered the people and although ferocious dictators were rising in the Eastern Hemisphere, the US decided to maintain its isolationist policies that George Washington had proposed in his farewell address. In other words, the US decided to adopt the concept of Storm Cellar Diplomacy. Some frustrated folk like Senator Gerald Nye led a senator committee which sensationalized news items from World War I and put the blame on the United States economic instability. Even with so much pressure, the US was only more adamant and refused to enter the war. They even went as far as to establish Neutrality Acts which while claiming to remain neutral also hinted at the fact that if the President...
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...campaign ads are less important now than they have ever been because most Americans have access to a computer, which lets them absorb an almost endless barrage of information about any Presidential candidate. The problem comes from how ads work compared to a traditional article. An ad is designed to prey on the emotions of the viewer, who...
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...The African Americans: The Birth of Equality after 1865 Leonard Stinson HIS204: American History Since 1865 Instructor John Durr December 5th, 2011 The African Americans: The Birth of Equality after 1865 This was a time when America was trying to find herself. These were the years known as the Reconstruction Period from 1865-1877. During this time period, the African-American people became free from slavery but one can only imagine what free really is. While the nation search for ways to establish true meaning of equality, African-American people continued to struggle to find out just what equality means and to have the same rights and freedom as the white people in the nation. Whether as slaves or free people, the political and social status of African Americans has always been to obtain the ability to participate in the nation’s economy. While many historians believe that slavery and politics can be attributed to the Civil War, more than 600,000 Americans died and with the help of the Emancipation Proclamation to start the motion to free the slaves, America became even more a divided country in 1865 than the previous earlier years (Bowles, 2011). Although freedom in the post-Civil War years did not guarantee equality, African Americans continued to struggle from racism, segregation and discrimination for many years, but the birth of equality is beginning to grow and show that all men and women are created equal. The effort to integrate...
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...“The Slave Power Conspiracy and Latin America” Throughout the course of America’s history there have been events that are so unbelievable and lack sufficient evidence to back them up, thus they become known as conspiracies. One of these conspiracies is the idea of Slave Power. The Slave Power Conspiracy, to most American’s this conspiracy is probably unknown, but it relates to an idea which is a topic of debate among scholars and historians. The Slave Power Conspiracy is an idea that came to be in the 1840’s and lasted till the end of the Civil War. As was stated this idea is a conspiracy as there is no direct evidence to give it a strong foundation or validity in our time. The term “Slave Power” coined in 1864 in a book written by John Smith Dye entitled “History Of The Plots And Crimes Of The Great Conspiracy To Overthrow Liberty In America.” The term started off simply as the Slave Power (conspiracy was added in the modern era). In the book Dye alleges that since the time of Independence, the aristocrats of the South and politicians from the South have had an agenda to extend slavery to the Western United States and Latin America and thus increase their power, wealth, and influence in the United States.[1] There are certain events that happened in Dye’s time that can show this idea was real. They can also prove the legitimate and real threat Slave Power posed, to Latin America. By examining all angles...
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...OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY OUTLINE OF OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY C O N T E N T S CHAPTER 1 Early America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CHAPTER 2 The Colonial Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 CHAPTER 3 The Road to Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 CHAPTER 4 The Formation of a National Government . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 CHAPTER 5 Westward Expansion and Regional Differences . . . . . . . 110 CHAPTER 6 Sectional Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 CHAPTER 7 The Civil War and Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 CHAPTER 8 Growth and Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 CHAPTER 9 Discontent and Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 CHAPTER 10 War, Prosperity, and Depression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 CHAPTER 11 The New Deal and World War I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 CHAPTER 12 Postwar America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 CHAPTER 13 Decades of Change: 1960-1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 CHAPTER 14 The New Conservatism and a New World Order . . . . . . 304 CHAPTER 15 Bridge to the 21st Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 PICTURE PROFILES Becoming a Nation . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...Barack Obama Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States —becoming the first African American to serve in that office —on January 20, 2009. The son of a white American mother and a black Kenyan father, Obama grew up in Hawaii. Leaving the state to attend college, he earned degrees from Columbia University and Harvard Law School. Obama worked as a community organizer in Chicago, where he met and married Michelle LaVaughn Robinson in 1992. Their two daughters, Malia Ann and Natasha (Sasha) were born in 1998 and 2001, respectively. Obama was elected to the Illinois state senate in 1996 and served there for eight years. In 2004, he was elected by a record majority to the U.S. Senate from Illinois and, in February 2007, announced his candidacy for President. After winning a closely-fought contest against New York Senator and former First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton for the Democratic nomination, Obama handily defeated Senator John McCain of Arizona, the Republican nominee for President, in the general election. When President Obama took office, he faced very significant challenges. The economy was officially in a recession, and the outgoing administration of George W. Bush had begun to implement a controversial "bail-out" package to try to help struggling financial institutions. In foreign affairs, the United States still had troops deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan, and warfare had broken out between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza Strip, illustrating the...
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...Español | Français | Русский | USINFO > Publications An Outline of the U.S. Economy Related Item USA Economy in Brief CONTENTS Continuity and Change This volume was prepared for the U.S. Department of State by Christopher Conte, a former editor and reporter for the Wall Street Journal, with Albert R. Karr, a former Wall Street Journal reporter. It updates several previous editions that had been issued by the U.S. Information Agency beginning in 1981. How the U.S. Economy Works The U.S. Economy: A Brief History Small Business and the Corporation Stocks, Commodities, and Markets The Role of the Government in the Economy Monetary and Fiscal Policy American Agriculture: Its Changing Significance (Posted February 2001) Labor in America: The Worker's Role Other Language Versions: Foreign Trade and Global Economic Policies Afterword: Beyond Economics Glossary Executive Editor: George Clack | Editor: Kathleen E. Hug | Art Director: Barbara Long Illustrations: Lisa Manning | Internet Editor: Barbara Long This site is produced and maintained by the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of International Information Programs. Links to other internet sites should not be construed as an endorsement of the views contained therein. Home | About USINFO | Site Index | Webmaster | Privacy Topics | Regions | Resource Tools | Products | | Continuity and Change How the U.S. Economy Works The U.S. Economy: A Brief History Small...
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...EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION Two big events will frame the year ahead: America’s presidential election and the summer Olympic games in Beijing. The race for the White House will be a marathon, from the front-loaded primary season in January and February to the general election in November. The betting is that the winner will be a Democrat—with a strong chance that a Clinton will again be set to succeed a Bush as leader of the free world. China, meanwhile, will hope to use the Olympics to show the world what a splendid giant it has become. It will win the most gold medals, and bask in national pride and the global limelight. But it will also face awkward questions on its repressive politics. America and China will be prime players in the matters that will concentrate minds around the world in 2008. One of these is the world economy, which can no longer depend on America, with its housing and credit woes, to drive growth. America should—just—avoid recession, but it will be China (for the first time the biggest contributor to global growth) along with India and other emerging markets that will shine. Another focus of attention will be climate change. As China replaces America as the world’s biggest producer of greenhouse gases, serious efforts on global warming depend on the serious involvement of those two countries. If 2007 was the year when this rose to the top of the global agenda, in 2008 people will expect action. It is striking that green is a theme that links all the contributions...
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