...state filled with imagination and magic. Kids love the fact that fairy tales let them venture off into a creative world where anything is possible. We like to think that we know how these stories go, but in reality, we do not. Fairy Tales have been written ever since the 1800s, and if we told our kids the original fairy tales, instead of a state filled with imagination and magic, it would be a state filled with horror and fear. Fairy Tales may have withstood the test of time by continuously being told generation by generation, but that does not mean that these fairy tales have not been...
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...pervasive settler violence under both Dutch and British colonial rule. Some scholars argue that the land dispossession, enforced labour incorporation, periodic massacre, and suppression of their culture inflicted on the San constitute genocide. While developments through the 18th century have been reasonably thoroughly documented, our knowledge of the 19th century is patchy because little research has been done on this period. RESEARCH TOPIC: MONIQUE CLASSEN CLSMON002 The ‘Christianization’ process of the London Missionary Society in 19th century South Africa: A case study of Bethelsdorp and Thornberg Contents PLAGIARISM DECLARATION 2 ABSTRACT 3 INTRODUCTION 4 THE LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY 7 Driving Ideologies Behind An Archetype of Civility and Modernity 9 THE ‘CHRISTIANIZATION’ STATIONS 11 The Institute of Bethelsdorp for the Khoekhoe 11 Thornberg Mission Station for the Heathen San 17 THE GROUNDWORK 21 CONCLUSION 26 BIBLIOGRAPHY 28 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Village of Bethelsdorp (from John Philip: Researchers in South Africa, London 1828) 2. Church and Mission House at Bethelsdorp (from a watercolor by John Campbell, 1819.) By courtesy of Africana Museum, Johannesburg 3. Map: Nineteenth-Century Mission Stations to Bushmen (from Tricksters and Trancers, 1999) 4. Erasmus Smith (from Christianity in South Africa: A Political, Social, and Cultural History, 1997) PLAGIARISM DECLARATION ------------------------------------------------- ...
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...“The Yellow Wallpaper" is a short story written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. The story is set in the late nineteenth century in America. It is a first person point of view of what disconnection and insanity can lead to. Many people believe this is a semi-autobiography of Gilman’s mental illness and treatment approach. In the story, Gilman takes the readers into the psyche of a young wife and mother, Jane, whom is powerless in her insecurities which no one truly understands or makes the attempt to try and understand. Her husband, John, has moved her to the country to recover from her illness. John is a physician who is trying to treat Jane for being “nervous”. Although his intentions are good, he goes about it in the wrong way. Dismissing any wishes she may have and not allowing her to express her feelings and or opinions. For example, Jane wants to be in a different room. The narrator states, “I don’t like our room a bit. I wanted the one downstairs that opened onto the piazza and had roses all over the window, and such pretty old-fashioned chintz hanging! But John would not hear of it.” (pg. 346) Making an assumption from what Jane reveals, she is not able to care for her newborn child and has now fallen in to an extremely emotionally unstable state. "It is fortunate Mary is so good with the baby. Such a dear baby! And yet I cannot be with him, it makes me so nervous." (pg. 346-47. Gilman) Her husband, John, and the other people in her life, don't think she should do anything...
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...A quote from Amy Heckerling, an American film director, states “Body image - what we’re supposed to look like - is made so unattainable that all girls are put in this position of feeling inferior.” From the beginning of time, society has created a quintessential image for the way they desired women to look. The media influences women of the current idealistic body image they should maintain. The ideal body type varies as time goes on and is defined by the historic events that are occurring during that specific time period; we see these body statuses to become more elaborate and noticeable in the 1800s to the 1900s and they change every couple of decades post the 1900s. Women’s body expectations, for the most part, originate from a well-known...
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...Don Quixote Opposing Roles in Don Quixote: How Conflicting Characters Develop and Enhance Themes in Literature Don Quixote tells the story of Alonso Quixano, a Spanish gentlemen who is obsessed with reading books of chivalry. He sells most of his land to buy more books and spends his entire life reading them, often neglecting to eat or sleep. He decides to become a knight-errant himself and finds a horse, a squire, and a lady to honor (although she has no idea). Throughout his adventures he is brought home by some of the men in the village who hope to cure him of his insanity. Don Quixote has little understanding of reality and often mistakes mundane things like windmills for more fantastical things like giants or castles. The main purpose of Don Quixote is to parody the popular ideas of romance and chivalry. Cervantes highlights the humorous relationships between chivalry and everyday life and the various exaggerated characters are used to illustrate these themes. Cervantes attacks the nobility, classism, chivalry, and the misguided romantic notions of the time with his satirical story of an insane man in search of justice and glory. Cervantes also develops the idea that the old chivalric code is outdated and no longer necessary as no one but Sancho even begins to understand what Quixote is attempting to do. The use of exaggerated and opposite roles is used in Don Quixote to highlight and develop the various themes. Don Quixote is an idealist, or a madman depending on which...
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...Hierarchy of Needs: According to Abraham Maslow, humans have certain needs that must be fulfilled for healthy living. These needs motivate us to act the way we do, and in particular, in ways that satisfy the needs that are not yet fulfilled. In addition, Maslow suggested that these needs are not all equally important, but exist in a hierarchy (shaped like a pyramid), with the most important, basic needs at the bottom. The Hierarchy of needs is often presented as a pyramid. Forming the base are the Physiological Needs that are essential for survival. This includes the need for oxygen, water, and food. It is only when these lower-level needs are met to some degree that one can move up to fulfill other needs. The second level is composed of Safety and Security needs, which includes finding stability and an environment where one is safe from harm. This might mean finding a stable job, having a house in a safe neighborhood, or having some money in the bank. The third level refers to Love and Belonging Needs. This might mean having a partner or spouse, friends, family, a church group, or other support network. The fourth level is composed of Esteem Needs, which may include the need for recognition, respect, dignity, confidence, and a sense of achievement. This might mean finishing a college degree, passing the bar exams, or getting ahead in one's career. The fifth and highest level of needs is the need for Self-Actualization - the continuous need to fulfill one's potential and be...
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...From its early beginnings, psychology has remained a rapidly changing science. Starting in the late 1800’s through the 1930’s, psychologists disagreed about many aspects of the field of psychology, including fields of study and research methods. Out of this conflict, four major schools of thought developed – Structuralism, Behaviorism, Gestalt psychology, and Psychoanalysis. Structural psychologists believed the purpose of psychology is to describe, analyze, and explain conscious sensations and feelings. Behaviorists believed conditioning could change human behavior. Gestalt psychologists theorized humans and some animals perceive the world around them in an organized pattern. Psychoanalysts believed that powerful inner forces from the unconscious mind develop and influence human behavior. This paper will discuss the personality theories proposed by Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung. This discussion will include a description of each theory. In addition, this paper will analyze the strengths and limitations of these theories. Finally this paper will compare and contrast each theory based on basic and underlying assumptions, deterministic versus free will, and awareness of self. Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud, a psychologist from Vienna, was the first person to propose the Psychoanalytical Theory of Personality. Though his work, he suggested the personality is comprised of three separate elements, the id, the ego, and the super ego (Burger 2008). The id, present at birth...
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...Extinction Happens 1 2 3 Thomas Henry De La Beche (1796‐1855), sketch of life in ancient Dorset, 1830 4 5 A few unfortunate but widely-recognized facts about the history of science (and society and religion and...) • rich, old, straight* white guys are (mostly) everywhere • the participation of women was (in many cases) actively discouraged or discounted • the participation of non-white guys and all poor guys was (in most cases) actively discouraged and/or discounted • some aspects of scientific discovery have been highly exploitative, of both nature and of local cultures • scientific ideas have been hijacked and inappropriately used to justify many things, both good and bad 6 * or so they claimed… Ph.D.s full-time faculty 7 8 State Revenue Contribution ($Billion) 1.2 +3% +14% tuition + scale 0.9 0.6 state contribution negative scale 0.3 0 2015 Sources: http://nicic.gov/statestats/?st=WI 2016 http://doc.wi.gov/Home https://www.wisconsin.edu/about-the-uw-system/ http://www.doa.state.wi.us/Documents/DEBF/Budget/Biennial%20Budget/2015-17%20Executive%20Budget/2015-17_Executive_Budget.pdf There is no extinction, There is no evolution, it’s all EVOLUTION! it’s all EXTINCTION! “Goal” is towards God, man created in his image (Lamarck) Catastrophic changes in Earth cause extinction of created forms. 10 (Cuvier) 9 Homologous structures • anatomical parts which share similarities that are not functionally necessary • pre-Darwinian explanations involved...
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...21st century has to have the ability to create a meaningful context out of the existing sustainability landscape. Sustainability is a broad notion that encompasses all aspects of our lives from economic to social and environmental actions. A number of ways to promote sustainability is infinite, and this vague plethora of contents is often the source of difficulty in raising awareness and participation in the movement toward sustainable future. It is therefore important for future leaders to recognise and provide innovative, sensitive, and meaningful sustainability possibilities. As an entrepreneur, leadership is the most important part of your job. But in a constantly changing business climate, you can't model yourself on leadership archetypes from the past and expect to meet the challenges of today's workplace. Barking orders at your subordinates a la the domineering 1950s boss won't get your staff on your side. And the buddy-buddy, hang-loose management style of the 1990s won't get results fast enough to keep pace with the competition. Some of the factors that make a great leader...
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...Today’s modern day vampire is considered one of the most notorious and iconic figures all over the world. With the steady stream of vampire novels, films, and television shows being produced, it is fair to say that the vampire has become the dark horse of literature, every enthusiasts dream. Yet this wasn’t always the case, because vampires were once considered the stuff of nightmares. Every culture has stories of these once terrifying ‘bloodsucking demons’ that, according to literary historian Brian Frost, “may go back to prehistoric times”. However, many of the myths surrounding such creatures emerged mainly during the 18th century particularly arising in Eastern Europe in areas such as Serbia, Roma, and Slovakia. The major paradigm shift from the early 19th century to the early 21st century is a complete change in attitude and definition of a vampire from a terrifying creature of the night to a romantic and beautiful almost-human, resulting from a change in religious and societal beliefs. These myths sparked a mass hysteria throughout most the 18th century, with frequent reported sightings of alleged vampires. Most famous of which was the case of Serbian peasant Arnold Paole who is believed to be the first man accused of being a vampire (Marx). It was supposed he had killed 17 people from his village during the night, later returning to his coffin. Government officials who ordered his coffin to be opened believed at the time the body (which looked perfectly fine apart from...
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...von Goethe for a period of time. Von Arnim, who was known for many novels and essays, wrote on topics involving social and political reform, which appealed to many groups of oppressed people, such as women and Jews. Although she had a husband and seven children, Bettina von Arnim was vocal in rejecting the exclusivity of traditional gender roles in 19th century Germany, through her literary works. Von Arnim’s most famous work is called Goethe’s Correspondence with a Child, a fiction based on her relationship with Goethe. The story depicts her as a child, who sits on Goethe’s character’s lap, and how her gender affects the relationship they had. One of her other works, Gritta, was an alternative view of the typical “male saves female archetype”. In the novel, the female plays the role of the hero. In her later life, after her husband died, she began to publish more and more works, including some by her husband. Her husband’s death was a significant event in von Arnim’s life. When von Arnim became a widow, she published a large amount of works such as autobiographies and fiction based on social equality and gender equality. Von Arnim was a benefactor of the ideas of free speech and freedom of press, as the author used it immensely. Von Arnim also portrayed strong views on socioeconomic differences. Her opinions of favoring the poor made some of her works leaning towards a socialist point of view. In 1843, von Arnim published a book called The King’s Book aimed toward King Wilhelm...
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...the institutions that would become slavery in America. Furthermore, when white Europeans that traveled to Africa found natives that rarely were clothed ( this was tribal clothing). This sense of nudity was misinterpreted as crudity. White Europeans, delved into the racial instigations of the 1600’s , seeing certain practices of African bigamy and tribal dances as proof of the African's uncontrolled sexual urges as individuals. Europeans were fascinated by the African sexual prowess. That’s why William Bosman described black women in Guinea as spirited and better looking than the men. William Smith described African women as attractive who are continually scheming how to gain a lover(White,29). These critical race archetypes of black people further conveyed the men as barbaric and racist and the women as a Jezebel whore. The Jezebel term was used to explain for the sexual rendezvous between white men and black women, that of a sexual union involving owners and enslaved folk. The Jezebel was depicted as a black woman with an ravenous need for intercourse. She was not perceived as happy with black men. In addition, the slavery-era Jezebel was claimed to have desired sexual relations with the white man, therefore, white men couldn’t have BLACK WOMEN ON TELEVISION 3 raped black women; it was consensual as they were the property of the slave owners. More...
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...Narrative A narrative is a sequence of events that a narrator tells in story form. A narrator is a storyteller of any kind, whether the authorial voice in a novel or a friend telling you about last night’s party. Point of View The point of view is the perspective that a narrative takes toward the events it describes. First-person narration: A narrative in which the narrator tells the story from his/her own point of view and refers to him/herself as “I.” The narrator may be an active participant in the story or just an observer. When the point of view represented is specifically the author’s, and not a fictional narrator’s, the story is autobiographical and may be nonfictional (see Common Literary Forms and Genres below). Third-person narration: The narrator remains outside the story and describes the characters in the story using proper names and the third-person pronouns “he,” “she,” “it,” and “they.” • Omniscient narration: The narrator knows all of the actions, feelings, and motivations of all of the characters. For example, the narrator of Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina seems to know everything about all the characters and events in the story. • Limited omniscient narration: The narrator knows the actions, feelings, and motivations of only one or a handful of characters. For example, the narrator of Lewis Carroll’s Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland has full knowledge of only Alice. • Free indirect discourse: The narrator conveys a character’s inner thoughts...
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...THE SPANISH COLONIAL TRADITION From 1565 to 1898 the Philippines was a colony of Spain. During this long period, Spanish-influenced architecture appeared, namely, the iglesia or simbahan (church) and its adjoining campanario (bell tower) and convento (residence of the parish priest), the escuela (school), the fuerza or fortaleza (fortification), the civic buildings like the casa real and tribunal, the farola (lighthouses), the bahay na bato (dwellings of wood and stone), and the puente (stone bridges). It is generally acknowledged that the Philippines is the bastion of Christianity in the Orient. Some scholars believe that, because of this, the country absorbed the greatest degree of influence from the west in the Asian region, losing much of its identity in the process. Other scholars believe, however, that all these influences were really assimilated by the older ethnic base, which actually indigenized them. It is pointed out, for example, that the Spanish word for church, iglesia, never became fully accepted among the Filipinos, who used their own terms to denote a place of worship. Thus the Tagalog and Cebuano use simbahan, the Ilocano, simbaan, and the Pampango, pisamban. This process of indigenization was to characterize much of Filipino construction during the more than three centuries of Spanish colonization. The Beginnings The history of Philippine architecture under the Spanish regime begins with the arrival of Miguel Lopez de Legaspi’s expedition in 1565. In Cebu...
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...Chaotic Growth with the Logistic Model of P.-F. Verhulst Hugo Pastijn Department of Mathematics, Royal Military Academy B-1000 Brussels, Belgium Hugo.Pastijn@rma.ac.be Summary. Pierre-Fran¸ois Verhulst was born 200 years ago. After a short biograc phy of P.-F. Verhulst in which the link with the Royal Military Academy in Brussels is emphasized, the early history of the so-called “Logistic Model” is described. The relationship with older growth models is discussed, and the motivation of Verhulst to introduce different kinds of limited growth models is presented. The (re-)discovery of the chaotic behaviour of the discrete version of this logistic model in the late previous century is reminded. We conclude by referring to some generalizations of the logistic model, which were used to describe growth and diffusion processes in the context of technological innovation, and for which the author studied the chaotic behaviour by means of a series of computer experiments, performed in the eighties of last century by means of the then emerging “micro-computer” technology. 1 P.-F. Verhulst and the Royal Military Academy in Brussels In the year 1844, at the age of 40, when Pierre-Fran¸ois Verhulst on November c 30 presented his contribution to the “M´moires de l’Acad´mie” of the young e e Belgian nation, a paper which was published the next year in “tome XVIII” with the title: “Recherches math´matiques sur la loi d’accroissement de la e population” (mathematical investigations of the law of...
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