...ideology, feminist ideology, Marxist ideology, etc. Luis Althusser (1977) shows that there are two major mechanisms of State organization for ensuring the people of the State. The first is the RSA, or Repressive State Apparatuses that can enforce the public behaviour directly, like police, the criminal justice and prison system. The ISAs are some kind of institutions, which manufacture ideologies like schools, literary studies, religions, the family, legal systems, politics, arts, sports, etc help people to build up ideas and values, and to believe the State as such is „eternal‟. In discussing the concept of Ideology as material existence, Althuser takes the notion of „subject‟ as his central term „upon which everything depends‟. His arguments that there is no...
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...Youth Justice http://yjj.sagepub.com/ Book Review: M Little and B Maughan, Effective Interventions for Children in Need, The Library of Essays in Child Welfare and Development, Ashgate, Burlington, VT, USA, 2010, £120 Hb, ISBN 978-0-74562-825-2 Declan Coogan Youth Justice 2011 11: 194 DOI: 10.1177/14732254110110020603 The online version of this article can be found at: http://yjj.sagepub.com/content/11/2/194 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Youth Justice can be found at: Email Alerts: http://yjj.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://yjj.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://yjj.sagepub.com/content/11/2/194.refs.html >> Version of Record - Jul 13, 2011 What is This? Downloaded from yjj.sagepub.com at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) on April 16, 2014 194 Youth Justice 11(2) alongside England and Wales and in so doing makes some invaluable comparisons and contrasts in light of the differing legal systems. Nonetheless, this does raise questions about the primacy accorded to the Scottish Sheriffs’ accounts in the second section of the book in light of the markedly different approach to ASBOs adopted in Scotland, especially where young people are concerned (pp. 121–125). The Sheriffs’ accounts clearly lend support to extant concerns about net-widening (cf. Squires and Stephen, 2005)...
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...captivating and diverse city with a rich Black culture. Known by many scholars as the “Mecca of the New Negro,” Harlem’s identity is nuanced, and as a result, its history is challenging to comprehend fully. When looking at primary sources from Harlem and similar urban spaces, scholars should be particularly attentive to their multisensory aspects. By examining sensory experiences such as sound, sight, and taste within Black urban environments, scholars can more clearly analyze the dynamism and gravity of events and experiences in African American urban communities; This multifaceted approach allows for a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding of Black urban history. Through historians’ analysis of sound, the reader can more clearly understand the powerful...
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...partially removed if discourse, introduced into the situation, can so constrain human decision or action as to bring about the significant modification of the exigence” (Bitzer, 6). Kennedy understood Aristotle’s definition of rhetoric defined as, “the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion” (Aristotle, 2). Kennedy had to establish a proposal of understanding and compassion within his audience, to ignite the vision of justice that King worked for. His use of pathos and ethos that Aristotle defines as modes of persuasion, allowed Kennedy to identify and establish trust with his audience through his emotional appeal and credibility. This relationship he creates with his audience helps them agree later on with his argument for peace and non-violence. Ultimately, the rhetorical situation permitted Kennedy to address and recognize the audience’s exigencies, convince them through pathos and ethos that further polarization would harm their cause, and dissuade them from turning to violence on the night of King’s death. Kennedy was the senator for New York at the time and was campaigning to earn the 1968 Democratic presidential nomination. Joseph A. Palermo argued that antiwar activists, civic groups, black and Latino activists, and individual citizens persuaded him to take stronger stands on Vietnam, racism, and poverty (Longley, 416). Kennedy’s known work with civil rights issues as Attorney General and U.S. Senator earned him loyalty among the state’s African...
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...increase the prevention of AIDS and effectively eradicate malaria. Wealth in itself is not evil; however, when humanity places riches above its fellow humans’ lives, it has reached a sinful state. The world has accepted material wealth at the price of what has become a sacrificial morality and love for mankind. The goal of this paper is to prove that global trends of economic inequality are unjustifiable from an economic/social standpoint, Scripture, and the recent position of the Catholic Church. Financial inequality is no new concept to the world. Since the beginnings of civilization there were the rich and there were the poor; many would argue that this is the natural state of society. From the Roman Empire until today, there has been a gap between the two segments. While almost all major religions warn man of the dangers of wealth and support charity, this gap between rich and poor has never been eradicated. Even so, all modernized nations claim a duty to the welfare of all of their citizens, including (if not especially), to...
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...toasting to Uncle Charlie, which is considered as one of the most important scenes as it helps to put an end to the long-term drama of the Uncle. This analysis will provide insightful ideas about the movements and the framings of camera and its uses in conveying the messages, the thoughts of characters as well as the director and making the audiences live in the film’s atmosphere. The movie is about a young girl named Charlie (ACTOR)who always feels bored and not quite happy about life. One day, Uncle Charlie (ACTOR) (who is her mother’s brother and who she is named after) comes all the long way from Santa Rosa, California to visit. Behind his elegant, gentle cover is a killer who has taken lives and assets of three rich widows. Out of the blue, the young niece who loves her uncle so much discovers the truth, but hesitates to disclose it since she is afraid that her mother would not be able to bear the news. The drama hits its peak when the Uncle is hell-bent on killing his beloved niece to conceal his sins. The scene begins with the close-up image of Uncle Charlie passing glasses of wine to Herbert and from Herbert to two other people. Simultaneously he throws his glance to Mrs. Potter who is already looking at him with admiration. This shot reminds the audiences of Uncle Charlie’s past with a lot of affairs with rich widows and he is a serial killer, the drinks will...
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... more specifically the lower class. This gives insight to the struggles these people face everyday, not only through Balboa’s work as a loan shark, but the dock worker in a dirty environment who is unable to pay his loan in the same scene. Many signs throughout the early exposition align with the reasoning within the rhetorical framework. For example, Rocky attempts to go to the boxing gym but because of his lack of success and low amount of money, Mick gives Rocky’s locker to someone else. This exposes how America views poor people, and illustrates the intolerance of poor people in society. Though America creates programs and means of financial aid in order to help the poor, there is a general understanding of American society that the rich are celebrated and the poor are considered disgraceful in the public eye. This does not reinforce my own opinion, it is just a fact of some of the prominent parts of society. Balboa addresses his former state of poverty along his journey of upward social mobility along the pursuit of the American Dream. “Adrian, it's true. I was nobody. But that doesn't matter either, you know? Because I was thinking, it really don't matter if I lose this fight. It really don't matter if this guy opens my head, either. Because all I wanna do is go the distance. Nobody's ever gone the distance with Creed, and if I can go that distance, and that bell rings, and I'm still standing, I'm gonna know for the first time in my life that I weren't just another bum...
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...world. However, it is very interesting that this divide in social classes plays such a big role in one of the most globalized and industrialized nations in the world. Today, children from the wealthiest families gather up in the best elementary schools, high schools and universities in which they get provided the best teachers and the best education as possible. This tendency leaves nothing for the people in the lower classes. The film The Riot Club from 2014 describes these differences very well. It is about Alistair Ryle and Miles Brown, two students at the Oxford University, which both come from rich families. They get invited to join the Riot Club, which is a closed society for the 10 best students at the university. Throughout the film we follow their development in the Riot Club and also touch upon their different point of view on lower social classes. This assignment contains analysis of setting, characterization of main person and themes in the movie The Riot Club. When we are talking about the setting in The Riot Club, we may conclude that we are dealing with the upper class and the richer part of the British society. The film takes place at Oxford University, where we are following two new students. We know Oxford University as one of the finest universities in Great Britain and maybe even one of the most promoted universities on the entire planet. Essentially, it is given that Oxford University provides the best educations and teachers. This also means it is one of the...
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...However, after studying Christian Socialism in Socialist Theory class it began to be clear to me that Jesus was in fact socialist. The Four Gospels gave me some clues to derive to such conclusion. Although at first sight the Four Gospels seem to only tell us about Jesus’ life, you must analysis a bit further to begin to see similarities. Back in the day when the Four Gospels were written, there was no actual definition for socialism, nor even a term like this. However, Jesus claimed that in addition to asking his followers to respect and trust him, he also talks negatively about the wealthy people, stating that they are greedy and even says that a day will come when the rich and the poor will get what they deserve. The poor ones will travel to Heaven, whilst the rich will be sentenced to life in hell. The main issue with this theory is that it cannot be used to guide socialism. The theory is rather unreasonable especially when stating that the rich will only receive what they deserve once they die and not whilst they are on planet earth. Such statement does not particularly affect capitalists, especially when some are non believers, therefore they will most likely not change their...
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...Critical Play Analysis: A Raisin in the Sun 1. Thought/Theme/Ideas When reading a play, it is often difficult to obtain understanding and describe the theme. This particular play, A Raisin in the Sun, allowed for the meaning of the play to be conveyed through the characters. After completing the read, the play seemed to reveal that family is most important in life. In all of the stresses and events that take place within each person’s life, it is hard to become side-tracked on the family aspect of life. Throughout this play, money seemed to be the struggling conflict; the husband of Lena passed away and money was left over for the family. With the Youngers being a lower income family they were wanting to utilize the money for different purposes. Their lives are quite difficult in addition to them living a neighborhood that is experiencing some racial issues. Lena, the mother, was watering her plant everyday in hopes that it would prosper into something (pg. 28) By doing so, it showed that she was determined and committed to dreams and aspirations while the rest of the family were in conflict over the use of the 10K. While money is important in the everyday activities of life, it is not the most important aspect. If one does not have anyone to share the experience with, what is the use of the money. It would be best to let the money decide its purpose on its own (bills) rather than having everyone else deciding it individually; relationships can be destroyed that...
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... Instructor: Professor Kirui Course: English literature Date: 15th May, 2004 Rhetoric strategy in Artistic Writing Pathos, logos, and ethos is clearly a tool and an instrument of writing that appeal to the seat of emotion, reason and ethnic. The strategy pays dividends to the extent that it calls to these three aspects of life to address issues. Scholars and majority writers in their scholarly and oratorical works have relied so much on the use of the rhetorical style of writing to construct pathos logos and ethos. “Letter from Birmingham Jail," by Martin Luther King Jr (Francisco, 23) is a profound example of this style at play. The three ideologies independently can survive any intellectual argument; they don’t have to work in tandem. This paper seeks to decipher the effect of using the rhetorical strategy to address racial injustice, and diverse religious ideology. Martin Luther employs the use of pathos and logos to create such a strong emotional appeal. To some extent, all human beings are caught in the inescapable network of mutuality. Martin Luther contends that whatever affects one person directly affect another indirectly. Martin Luther King Jr. in a sense achieves a deep sense of pathos by appealing to the logos. The emotional stylistic appeals clearly put the issues on steroids by drawing from particular aspects that cut across geographical location. The racial injustice is a threat to justice everywhere, including and...
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...Ben Jonson (1572–1637). The Alchemist. The Harvard Classics. 1909–14. | | | | |Introductory Note | | | | | |BEN JONSON was born of poor parents at Westminster in 1573. Through the influence of Camden, the antiquary, he got a good | 1| |education at Westminster School; but he does not seem to have gone to a University, though later both Oxford and Cambridge gave | | |him degrees. In his youth he practised for a time his stepfather’s trade of bricklaying, and he served as a soldier in Flanders. | | | It was probably about 1595 that he began to write for the stage, and within a few years he was recognized as a distinguished | 2| |playwright. His comedy of “Every Man in His Humour” was not only a great immediate success, but founded a school of satirical | | |drama in England. “Sejanus” and “Catiline” were less popular, but are impressive pictures of Roman life, less interesting but more| | |accurate than the Roman plays of Shakespeare. ...
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...Why Is Insider Trading Considered Wrong? Insider trading is defined as “the trading of a public company's stock or other securities (such as bonds or stock options) by individuals with access to nonpublic information about the company. The stock market is supposed to be “fair,” and having insider information gives an illegal edge to possible investors. Insiders include those such as officers or directors of a certain company. They can also include investors that own more than a 10% share in a company because those individuals usually get to sit on the board. These individuals have a fiduciary duty to the owners of the company’s stock, meaning that they put their interests before their own. Furthermore, in the United States, insider trading does not have to be committed by an aforementioned “insider.” It can be committed by any shareholder who buys based off of nonpublic knowledge. When one person buys a stock because of nonpublic information, there is also a seller of that same stock that may have not made that sell decision if they knew the same nonpublic information, and vice versa. In addition, future buyers of that particular stock are going to pay inflated prices compared to the investor with insider information because he had access to that information first. Transparency is a big part of keeping the markets balanced, which means that all investors have the same information available to them. For example, it would not be fair if one student had the test bank for a test...
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...evolving. Never the less, there is an increasing recognition that, whatever name is used, its practice is a critical part of the management of most organizations. By introducing a number of definitions and frameworks for strategy, the aim is to establish a broad appreciation of the strategic management process, recognizing in passing some of the debates that continue within the subject. Such an appreciation can then provide a solid foundation for understanding how the tools and techniques of strategic analysis, covered in the rest of this module, can contribute to the strategic management process. Your Objectives After this session and once you have read the relevant articles & extracts, YOU WILL BE ABLE TO: • Outline a number of definitions and frameworks which describe the main elements of strategy. • Recognize some of the key debates and issues within strategic management. • Understand the context in which the tools and techniques of strategic analysis can contribute to the strategic management process. B. WHAT IS STRATEGY The search for a single definition of strategy, or any of its related terms, is likely to hide more than it illuminates. Consequently, this Section explores the question “What is Strategy?” from a variety of perspectives. ν An Historical Perspective Whilst the study of strategy as a business discipline is relatively recent, the word...
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... Tolerance Relativism Propaganda Television Open-mindedness Instructor Explanation: The answer can be found from the “Open-Minded Inquiry” page found here:http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/open-minded-inquiry/579 Points Received: 1 of 1 Comments: Question 3. Question : When making inferences, it is important to: Student Answer: Infer things that extend beyond experience and evidence Rationalize inferences that contradict one another Identify assumptions that lead to the inferences All of the above None of the above Instructor Explanation: The answer can be found in “The Analysis and Assessment of Thinking” [Paul and Elder Website] http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/the-analysis-amp-assessment-of-thinking/497 Points Received: 1 of 1 Comments: Question 4. Question : According to DuBois the color line is Student Answer: The difference between how whites and blacks were treated in the South A line between the North and South A boundary between white and black communities in the South...
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