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Asylum

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Submitted By alexandriag
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(United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees)

Karapatan ay nagmula sa salitang dapat. Dapat malaman natin kung ano ang para sa atin. Para naman sa ating mga kapaitd na Syrians na nililisan ang janilang sinilangang bayan, mayroon din silang mga karagdagang karapatan. Ang refugee, isang sibilyan na lumisan sa kanyang bayan dahil sa hindi magandang mga pangyayari ay maaaring umangkin ng proteksiyon, o tinatawag na asylum sa bansang kanilang pinuntahan. Asylum seekers ang tawag sa kanila at kailangan nilang maghain ng pormal na aplikasyon upang makamit ang refugee status. Ang mga miyembro ng European Union ay bumuo ng Common European Asylum System o (CEAS)noong 1999 na naglalayong siguraduhin ang kapakanan ng mga refugees. Ngunit ano nga ba ang problema kung mayroon nang ganitong sistema? Ang 28 miyembro ng European Union ay magkakaiba ng paraang ng proteksiyon, magkakaiabang paraan ng pagkilala sa mga refugee at iba-iba nag mga kondisyon na madadatnan ng mga refugee.
Aking itatalakay ang 3 sangay o direktiba o masasabi na ring kasunduan sa ilalim ng CEAS. Una ay ang Reception Conditions Directive. Ang layunin nito ay itakda ang minimum na pamantayan sa pagtanggap ng mg asylum seeker. Kasama rito ang tungkol sa tirahan, kalusugan at pagtatrabaho. Kapag ang isang asylum seeker ay dumating sa isang bansa na ang pagtanggap ay kulang sa material na aspeto pati kawalang ng oportunidad sa trabaho ay para na ring hindi natapos ang paghihirap ng taong iyon. Sa direktibang ito may 3 mahahalagang ideya: Ang detention ng mga asylum seeker ay dapat lamang isagawa kapag ito ay lubos na kailangan na at hindi dahil ang isang siya ay humihingi ng asylum. Ipinagbabawal ang detention ng mga asylum seeker kasama ang mga criminal sa kulungan. Hindi rin maaari na i-detain ang isang batang walang kasamang matanda. Ang mga detention orders ay dapat magmula sa isang hukom at dapat ding siguraduhin ng bansang iyon na bigyan ng tulong legal ang mga detained asylum seekers. Ang pangalawang punto ay dapat bigyan ng atensiyon ang mga bata at ang mga biktima ng paghihirap, sexual na kaharasan, pati na ang mga nakatatanda at may kapansanan. Ang huling ideya sa Reception Conditions Directive ay tungkol sa trabaho. Sa sandaling maaprubahan ang asylum ng isang tao, karapatan niyang magkaroon ng trabaho sa loob ng anim na buwan.
Dumako naman tayo sa Dublin Regulation. Tinatalakay nito ang pagtukoy sa kung sinong bansa ang nararapat na magproseso ng isang aplikasyon. Karaniwan na ang unang bansa ng EU na pinasok ng asylum seeker ang siyang sasalo ng responsibilidad na ito. Sinasabi dito na may karapatan ang mga asylum seekers na manatili sa bansa kung saan sila nakiusap. Maaari naman na mapatigil ang paglipat ng mga asylum seekers sa ibang bansa kapag ang bansang kanilang lilipatan ay hindi akma sa proper reception standards. At karapatan ng mga asylum seekers na makaranas ng personal na panayam upang makapagpaliwanag at makdagdag ng kailangang impormasyon sa proseso.
At ang huli ay ang Asylum Procedures Directive. Layunin nito na mapanatili ang kaildad ng pagdedesisyon ng mga member states ng EU. Karapatan ng isang asylum seeker na makaranas ng patas at maayos na proseso ng aplikasyon. Bukod sa pagkakaroon ng personal na panayam, maaari rin siyang magkaroon ng interpreter, legal na gabay.
Sa mga ganitong panahon, sino pa baa ng magtutulungan kundi tayo rin. Kaya dapat huwag nang pagsamantalahan ang mga humihingi ng tulong at ibigay kung ano ang nararapat sa kanya. Binigyan tayo ng dalawang kamay, isa para tulungan an gating sarili at isa para tulungan ang kapwa.

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