...Introduction The purpose of auditing is increasing the confidence of people who want to do investment. In order to check the financial statement of listed companies, auditing become more and more important in the society. The people cannot know more the situation about listed companies, so they use auditors’ report to think their investment. However, with more and more scandals about auditing, many people think whether external auditors’ reports provide information to investor that serves the public interest under the current regulatory environment. The public interest First, it is important to know what the public interest is. In order to know the public interest better, we can understand it separately. The public represents social that is abstract concept. It conflicts the private that is specific and certainly. Social is universality and uncertainty. Its function is adjective interest. The International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) defines the public interest as ” The net benefits derived for, and procedural rigor employed on behalf of, all society in relation to any action, decision or policy.” It means that everyone in the society may obtain the interest from all society in relation to any action, decision or policy. The auditing profession is relation to the benefit to the society. The public interest from auditing profession is like the responsibility of this profession. This interest is not direct interest, but the auditors will use their behavior to show their...
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...Discuss whether the current international regulatory environment for the auditing profession is robust enough to ensure that the external auditors of listed companies provide reports to owners and investors which are sufficiently independent to serve the public interest. Introduction As we will discover, the topic posed above is a complex one, which has many arguments both in favour and against the stability of the present regulatory environment in ensuring that the audits which auditors produce are indeed impartial enough to satisfy the public interest. We will first proceed in identifying the term “public interest” in light of the accounting and auditing profession. From this will be an explanation of what is the current regulatory environment, which will then lead us to arguments for and against auditors retaining their independence. Relevant sources will be used, including some concerning current thinking on the matter. From this a suitable conclusion can be made. What is meant by “the public interest” in relation to the (accounting and) audit profession? The International Federation of Accountants (IFAC 2010) soundly defines the public interest as any individual or entity which is affected by the work of the accountancy profession: in other words, society as a whole. What is expected of the accountancy profession in relation to the public is the safeguarding of particular interests. These interests may consist of providing accurate financial information, ensuring...
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...Homework III 25 Point 5-1 a. What is the overall objective of the financial statement audit? The overall objective of a financial statement audit is the expression of an opinion on whether the client's financial statements are presented fairly, in all material respects, in conformity with GAAP. b. Identify the six phases of a financial statement audit. The six phases of a financial statement audit are: • Phase I: Perform Risk Assessment Procedures. • Phase II: Assess the Risk of Material Misstatement. • Phase III: Respond to Assessed Risks. • Phase IV: Perform Further Audit Procedures. • Phase V: Evaluate Audit Evidence. • Phase VI: Communicate Audit Findings. 5-2 a. State the five categories of management’s financial statement assertions and briefly explain each. The five categories of management's financial statement assertions are (1) existence or occurrence, (2) completeness, (3) rights and obligations, (4) valuation or allocation, and (5) presentation and disclosure. • Assertions about existence or occurrence deal with whether assets or liabilities exist at a given date and whether recorded transactions have occurred during a given period. • Assertions about completeness deal with whether all transactions and accounts that should be presented in the financial statements are so included. • Assertions about rights and obligations deal with whether assets...
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...Course Title: Accounting Information Systems Course Code: ACC - 406 Course Instructor: Mohammed Sakhawat Hossain Assistant Professor, Faculty of Business & Economics, DIU Group… Assignment on INTERNAL CONTROL & COMPLIANCE FRAMEWORK FOR INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS IN AB BANK Submitted to Mohammed Sakhawat Hossain Assistant Professor Faculty of Business & Economics Daffodil International University Submitted by Group Name: Group…….. Sec: A Batch: 22nd Program: BBA Faculty: Business & economics Daffodil International University ABOUT OUR GROUP ❖ Group Name: ……. ❖ Sec : A ❖ Batch : 22nd ❖ Program : BBA ❖ Faculty: Business & Economics ❖ Group member | | | | | |S:N: |NAME |ID |REMARK | | | | | | |01 |Soma Das |091-11-678 | | | | | | | |02 |Riza Ul Karim...
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...Introduction Ethics and compliance play a tremendous factor in the overall success of an organization. They are excellent tactics for building organizational trust and transparency. Ethics and compliance empowers the organization to minimize risk and maximize your culture of integrity. (Global Compliance and Ethics, para. 1) In this paper we will examine the ethics and compliance of Pepsi-Cola. After obtaining the organization’s annual report and SEC filings for the past three years we will examine and analyze the data addressing ethical issues; the role of ethics and compliance in Pepsi-Cola’s financial environment. A description of the procedures Pepsi-Cola has in place to ensure ethical behaviour will be given. The processes that the organization uses to comply with SEC regulations will be identified. An evaluation of the organizations financial performance during the past three years will be given using financial rations for each given year. Lastly, a discussion of the three-year trend for each ration and what it tells about the organization’s financial health will be given. Role of Ethics and Compliance in Pepsi-Cola The Pepsi-Cola company is strongly committed to delivering sustained growth through empowered people acting responsibly and building trust, (PepsiCo Inc., 2010). Pepsi-Cola aspires to be a environmentally and socially responsible company and upholds their commitment with six guiding principles: Take care of the customers and consumers;...
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...financial accounting and reporting. Boeing and Airbus are the two leading rival builders of aircraft, and they do not follow the same regulations for internal controls. One of the reasons for these differences is due to the fact that Boeing in a domestic corporation and Airbus is an international corporation. For the purpose of this paper, Team E will compare and contrast regulatory environment, issues with foreign currency, and the differences in GAAP of the two corporations. The Boeing Company takes its regulatory governance very seriously and the company has worked very hard to meet the challenge of SOx compliance. In order to ensure the company is SOx compliant, Boeing has employed significant resources. One of these resources is the Corporate Audit organization. Corporate Audit is responsible for reviewing the internal control system to assure that all organizations are achieving the regulatory objectives and that the system is functioning as intended. These reviews are important so that the company can fix any discrepancies in order to pass external audits. Most of the organizations within Boeing have Regulatory Governance groups that employ subject matter experts (SME’s). Some of these SME’s are Boeing employees and some are contract employees from PricewaterhouseCoopers, Jefferson Wells, and other companies....
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...Business and Society: Stakeholders, Ethics, and Public Policy (Lawrence & Weber, 2011) defines corporate social responsibility (CSR) as the way a company acts that enhances society and its inhabitants and is held accountable for its actions that affect people, their communities and their environment. Many companies now track their CSR score through the use of rating organizations and customer surveys, and publish the results in their annual reports. They recognize their investors and customers want to understand how companies are taking environmentally responsible actions. Sunfun Company Sunfun (name has been changed) is a global provider of renewable energy solutions. It has two distinct lines of business. One is as a manufacturer of solar panels. The other is as an engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) company to build utility scale, ground mounted solar power generating plants. From its website (sunfun.com), its mission statement “is to create enduring value by enabling a world powered by clean, affordable solar electricity.” Its value proposition is to “offer an eco-efficient energy solution that provides more solar electricity, at a lower cost, and with the smallest environment impacts per kWh.” Environmental Considerations and Recommendations As a renewable energy company Sunfun has an obligation and financial incentive to operate in an environmentally responsible and proactive manner. Customers want to do business with companies that they believe exercise good...
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...Satyam Case Study The Satyam scandal is a case that details carelessness of fiduciary duties, total collapse of ethical standards, and a lack of corporate social responsibility. The corporate governance mechanisms at Satyam ultimately led to the downfall of the company. Two words can clearly explain this scam: greed and desire. The CEO of Satyam, Ramlinga Raju, exhibited greed that overshadowed the responsibility to meet fiduciary duties. To compound the issue, vital information was withheld from employees. Even if regulatory changes were implemented, the Raju brothers would have still committed this scam. 1. Raju felt the need to inflate numbers on the balance sheet to impress stakeholders, investors, analysts, and the stock market. The first sign of fraudulent activity began in April 1999, when the company stated that the company experienced a double-digit annual growth rate. The fraud became very prevalent when Satyam planned to acquire stake in Maytas Infrastructure Limited and in Maytas Properties. Ironically, both of these companies were real-estate firms that were owned by family members of Satyam’s founder. I inferred that Raju wanted to acquire these two firms on the balance sheet in order exaggerate their worth. On December 16th, 2008, the Satyam board, including five independent directors approved the proposal to buy stake in Maytas Infrastructure and Maytas Properties without any shareholder approval. Here lies another major problem. There were 5 independent...
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...Yuliya Gaydarenko Prof. Franklin Unit 4 – Rough Draft July 11, 2013 The compliance audit, like other audit activities, is intended to provide feedback to management and the audit committee about the control environment, ongoing compliance and conditions for potential risk. The compliance audit should evaluate the effectiveness of the compliance management program, including policies and procedures, training, monitoring and consumer complaint response. A financial institution’s audit committee should determine the scope of an audit and the frequency with which audits are conducted. Examiners are seen questioning institutions about their overall compliance program management and digging into the elements of policies and procedures, training, and quality control assessment. Overlying compliance program management is the role of internal audit. Regulatory guidance and best practices have helped define which elements are necessary to help an organization mitigate risks associated with compliance. Some of the basic elements include: designation of a compliance officer, policies, internal processes and controls, regulatory change management, quality control, consumer complaint response process and audit (Sullivan, 2011). The two elements of assessing the overall effectiveness of a compliance program are quality control and audit. The end goal of a quality control function is to monitor how well departmental policies and procedures are being executed. Ultimately, the...
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...Sarbanes-Oxley Gabriel Mould ACC561 October 13, 2015 Dr. Janet Forney Sarbanes-Oxley Aspects of the Regulatory Environment In 2001, one of the largest corporate scandals unraveled as Enron/Andersen was accused of corporate fraud. Not long after were companies such as ImClone and Global Crossing were deemed under the same fraudulent activities and congress did very little in correcting the situations. (Larry Bumgardner, 2003) Several committees did hold hearings and a number of bills were introduced to address corporate misconduct. However, the differences between the Senate under Democratic control at the time, and the House of Representatives and White House, under Republican control, on how to address the problems were so great that no legislation appeared imminent. (Larry Bumgardner, 2003) There was a second wave of scandals that involved WorldCom and Adelphia in the summer of 2002. (Larry Bumgardner, 2003) WorldCom had $107 billion in assets but after filing in the Southern District of New York was crushed by their debt of $41 billion. WorldCom’s bankruptcy is the largest in United States history making Enron seem irrelevant. (Beltran, 2002) Three founding members and two other company executives of Adelphia were arrested on charges of looting the nation’s sixth-largest cable-television company on a massive scale. Congress along with the White House began to notice a steady decrease in the stock market which led them to call for action against these scandals...
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...GENERAL PRINCIPLES GOVERNING AN AUDIT OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Effective for audits of financial statements for periods beginning on or after June 15, 2006)∗ CONTENTS Paragraph Introduction .................................................................................................... 1 Objective of an Audit of Financial Statements .............................................. 2-3 Ethical Requirements Relating to an Audit of Financial Statements ............. 4-5 Conduct of an Audit of Financial Statements ................................................ 6-9 Scope of an Audit of Financial Statements .................................................... 10-14 Professional Skepticism ................................................................................. 15-16 Reasonable Assurance ................................................................................... 17-21 Audit Risk and Materiality ............................................................................. 22-32 Responsibility for the Financial Statements ................................................... 33-36 Determining the Acceptability of the Financial Reporting Framework ......... 37-48 Expressing an Opinion on the Financial Statements ...................................... 49-51 Effective Date ................................................................................................ 52 ∗ ISA 315, “Understanding the Entity and Its Environment and Assessing the Risks of Material...
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... * Undertaking and letter by director * Right of director * Qualification, vacation of office and removal of directors * Restriction on directorship * Method of computation * Directors’ training 2. Audit committee * Composition of audit committee * Chairman of audit committee * Written term of references * Function of the audit committee * Attendance of other directors and employees * Procedure of audit committee * Reporting of breaches to the exchange * Right of the audit committee * Quorum of an audit committee * Retirement and resignation * Review of the audit committee 3. Auditors * External auditor * Removal or resignation of external auditor * Review of statement * Right to request for meeting 4. Corporate governance disclosure * Disclosure pursuant to the code * Additional statement by bod 5. Internal audit Corporate Review A. Vision and mission B. Strategic intents C. Corporate milestones D. Awards and ranking E. Financial highlight F. Corporate sustainability statement 1. Marketplace 2. Community 3. Environment 4. workplace G. Bod H. Bod’s profile I. Regulation J. Corporate governance statement 1. Establish clear roles and responsibilities a. Function of bod and management b. Role and responsibilities c. Formalised...
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...constitute significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting. This may require public reporting and possibly may result in adverse consequences. Conversely, U.S. Federal Organizational Sentencing Guidelines indicate that having proper ethics and compliance programs and effective internal controls in place can mitigate the ultimate punishment of an organization, should a company be found guilty of committing a fraud in violation of federal and state laws. In addition to the legislative and regulatory requirements for antifraud programs, there are sound business reasons to implement them. The impact from fraud can have drastic effects on an organization, from loss of stakeholder value to shareholder lawsuits to reputational risk. Fraud prevention and detection makes good business sense and may provide long-term cost savings to organizations. Management should consider the expectations associated with key business, regulatory compliance, and marketplace drivers when developing antifraud programs...
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...University of New England Compliance Management Framework and Procedures Document data: | Document type: | Framework and Procedures | Administering entity: | Audit and Risk Directorate | Records management system number: | D12/50959 | Date approved: | 4th October 2012 | Approved by: | Vice-Chancellor | Indicative time for review: | Maximum 2 years from approval date | Responsibility for review: | Audit and Risk Directorate | Related policies or other documents: | Compliance Policy | | Risk Management Policy and Guidelines | | Code of Conduct | | Records Management Policy | | AS3806- 2006 Compliance programs | Staff contact for advice: | Legal Counsel and Executive Director of GovernanceDirector Audit and Risk | Revision history: | | * Table of Contents Section 1 : Compliance Management Framework 4 1. Purpose 4 2. Scope 4 3. Compliance Management Introduction 4 4. The Policy 7 5. Risk Management 7 6. Compliance Management Process 8 7. Responsibility and Accountability Structure 9 7.1 Overview 9 7.2 Council 9 7.3 Vice-Chancellor and CEO 10 7.4 Executive Management 10 7.5 Managers 11 7.6 Audit and Risk Directorate (ARD) 11 7.7 Employees 12 8. Reporting Responsibilities 12 8.1 Annual Reporting 12 8.2 Obligations Register 12 8.3 Breach reporting and management 13 8.4 External Reporting Requirements 13 9. Annual Compliance Management Calender 14 Section 2 : Compliance...
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...Recognizing and Minimizing Tort and Regulatory Risk Plan A business, whether for or not for profit, in this country, is regulated under guidelines known to us as laws. These laws hold business leaders accountable for conducting business in an ethical manner and protect consumers from negligent practices imposed by a business. An example of these laws is Tort Law, which is a law that provides compensation for tortuous acts to an injured party or party’s property through a civil lawsuit (Cheeseman, 2010). Tort, defined as “a wrong”, is categorized by two components: Negligence Torts and Intentional Torts. The issue of a tort violation is a matter of the plaintiff proving his or her case or the defendant establishing a reasonable doubt that dismantles the plaintiff’s case. By using Alumina, Inc. as a point of reference, this paper will address how regulatory risks are identified and how they can be managed though preventive, detective and corrective measures. It will also concentrate on the torts and risks identified in the simulation and develop a plan that recognizes and minimizes the regulatory risks in this week’s simulation as well as those examined throughout the chapters in this week’s readings. Alumina, Inc., a four billion dollar United States based aluminum maker located along the borders of Lake Dira in Erehwon, is a manufacture of packaging materials, automotive components, bauxite mixing, alumina refining and aluminum smelting. It operates in eight countries...
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