...CASE: C U S TOM F A B R I C AT O R S , I N C . — F R O M L E A N MA N U F A C T U R I N G PA R T N E R TO C O N T R A C T MA N U F A C T U R E R As Ben Lawson, CEO of Custom Fabricators, Inc., drove back to his home in South Indianapolis, he thought about the day. I’ve done a lot of business with Orleans Elevator in Bloomington over the years, but just wonder how long this will continue. I have much invested in my manufacturing plant located right next to their plant, but now that United Technologies [the parent company of Orleans] is all into this FreeMarkets Internet purchasing system, I just wonder how long they are going to be interested in keeping me in the supply chain loop. It’s been a good business over the past few years. I was in the right place at the right time when Orleans got into just-in-time and lean manufacturing in the late 1980s. Initially I was just making the control panels for the elevators. It was interesting to walk into a new building, get on the elevator, and see my company’s handiwork in that beautiful stainless steel panel that houses the buttons for the floors on the building. I could take a lot of pride in the craftsmanship even though it was largely a technology thing. That new numerically controlled machine tool that I purchased in 1985 made making the holes in those custom panels easy. We are still making beautiful panels. Since that time, my company has gotten a lot of other business from Orleans. We now make all kinds of special brackets...
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...This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. Your use of this material constitutes acceptance of that license and the conditions of use of materials on this site. Copyright 2008, The Johns Hopkins University and Sukon Kanchanaraksa. All rights reserved. Use of these materials permitted only in accordance with license rights granted. Materials provided “AS IS”; no representations or warranties provided. User assumes all responsibility for use, and all liability related thereto, and must independently review all materials for accuracy and efficacy. May contain materials owned by others. User is responsible for obtaining permissions for use from third parties as needed. Estimating Risk Sukon Kanchanaraksa, PhD Johns Hopkins University Section A Relative Risk Risk Incidence of Disease = Absolute Risk (Attack Rate) 4 Attack Rates from Food-Borne Outbreak Exercise Attack Rate (%) Food (1) Ate (2) Not Ate Egg salad 83 30 Macaroni 76 67 Cottage cheese 71 69 Tuna salad 78 50 Ice cream 78 64 Other 72 50 5 Attack Rates from Food-Borne Outbreak Exercise Attack Rate (%) Difference of Attack Rates Food (1) Ate (2) Not Ate (1)–(2) Egg salad 83 30 53 Macaroni 76 67 9 Cottage cheese 71 69 2 Tuna salad 78 50 28 Ice cream 78 64 14 Other 72 50 22 6 Attack...
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...DATA STRUCTURES ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS Definition:- The method of solving a problem is known as an algorithm.It is a sequence of instructions that act on some input data to produce some output in a finite number of steps. Properties:- a) Input:An algorithm must receive some input data supplied externally. b)Output:An algorithm must produce atleast one output as the result. c)Finiteness:The algorithm must terminate after a finite number of steps. d)Definiteness:The steps to be performed in the algorithm must be clear and unambiguous. e)Effectiveness:One must be able to perform the steps in the algorithm without applying any intelligence. All algorithms basically fall under two broad categories-Iterative and Recursive algorithms. Iterative Algorithms typically use loops and conditional statements. Recursive Algorithms use a divide and Conquer strategy. As per this,the recursive algorithm breaks down a large problem into small pieces and then applies the algorithm to each of these smal pieces. Determining which algorithm is efficient than the other involves analysis of algorithms. While analyzing,time required to execute it determined .’time’ represents the number of operations that are carried out while executing the algorithm. While analyzing iterative algorithms we need to determine how many times the loop is executed. To analyze a recursive algorithm one needs to determine amount of work done for three things: ...
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...xe^{{cx}}\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\frac {e^{{cx}}}{c^{2}}}(cx-1) \int x^{2}e^{{cx}}\;{\mathrm {d}}x=e^{{cx}}\left({\frac {x^{2}}{c}}-{\frac {2x}{c^{2}}}+{\frac {2}{c^{3}}}\right) \int x^{n}e^{{cx}}\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\frac {1}{c}}x^{n}e^{{cx}}-{\frac {n}{c}}\int x^{{n-1}}e^{{cx}}{\mathrm {d}}x=\left({\frac {\partial }{\partial c}}\right)^{n}{\frac {e^{{cx}}}{c}} \int {\frac {e^{{cx}}}{x}}\;{\mathrm {d}}x=\ln |x|+\sum _{{n=1}}^{\infty }{\frac {(cx)^{n}}{n\cdot n!}} \int {\frac {e^{{cx}}}{x^{n}}}\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\frac {1}{n-1}}\left(-{\frac {e^{{cx}}}{x^{{n-1}}}}+c\int {\frac {e^{{cx}}}{x^{{n-1}}}}\,{\mathrm {d}}x\right)\qquad {\mbox{(for }}n\neq 1{\mbox{)}} \int e^{{cx}}\ln x\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\frac {1}{c}}\left(e^{{cx}}\ln |x|-\operatorname {Ei}\,(cx)\right) \int e^{{cx}}\sin bx\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\frac {e^{{cx}}}{c^{2}+b^{2}}}(c\sin bx-b\cos bx) \int e^{{cx}}\cos bx\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\frac {e^{{cx}}}{c^{2}+b^{2}}}(c\cos bx+b\sin bx) \int e^{{cx}}\sin ^{n}x\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\frac {e^{{cx}}\sin ^{{n-1}}x}{c^{2}+n^{2}}}(c\sin x-n\cos x)+{\frac {n(n-1)}{c^{2}+n^{2}}}\int e^{{cx}}\sin ^{{n-2}}x\;{\mathrm {d}}x \int e^{{cx}}\cos ^{n}x\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\frac {e^{{cx}}\cos ^{{n-1}}x}{c^{2}+n^{2}}}(c\cos x+n\sin x)+{\frac {n(n-1)}{c^{2}+n^{2}}}\int e^{{cx}}\cos ^{{n-2}}x\;{\mathrm {d}}x \int xe^{{cx^{2}}}\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\frac {1}{2c}}\;e^{{cx^{2}}} \int e^{{-cx^{2}}}\;{\mathrm {d}}x={\sqrt {{\frac {\pi }{4c}}}}\operatorname {erf}({\sqrt...
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...contact[20]; } b[50]; void add(); void display(); void main() { int choices; clrscr(); printf("\t\t\n\nMENU"); printf("\t\t\n1. ADD data"); printf("\t\t\n2. DISPLAY"); printf("\t\t\n3. EXIT"); printf("\t\t\nEnter your choice:"); scanf("%d",&choices); switch(choices) { case 1 :add();main(); case 2 :display();main(); case 3 :exit(0); default:printf("\t\t\n\n\nInvalid Input!!!"); } getch(); } void add() { FILE *fp; clrscr(); { int i; fp=fopen("biodata.txt","a"); printf("\t\t\nBIODATA"); printf("\n\nPERSONAL INFORMATION\nLast:"); scanf("%s",&b[i].lastn); printf("First:"); scanf("%s",&b[i].firstn); printf("Middle:"); scanf("%s",&b[i].m); printf("Age:"); scanf("%d",&b[i].age); printf("Citizenship:"); scanf("%s",&b[i].sex); printf("Religion:"); scanf("%s",&b[i].relig); printf("Civil Status:"); scanf("%s",&b[i].civil); printf("Contact Number: "); scanf("%d",&b[i].contact); printf("E-mail Address"); scanf("%s",&b[i].email); printf("\n\nAddress:"); scanf("%s",&b[i].add); fprintf(fp," \n Name:%s,%s %s\n Age:%d\n Sex:%s\n \n Religion:%s \nCivil Status:%s\n\n Contact Number:%d\n E-mail:%s\n Adrress:%s\n ",b[i].lastn,b[i].firstn,b[i].m,b[i].age,b[i].sex,b[i].relig,b[i].civil,b[i].contact,b[i].email,b[i].add); } fclose(fp); } void display() { FILE *fp; int x,i; fp=fopen("biodata.txt","r"); clrscr(); printf("\n\t\t\tCURRENT BIODATA\n"); while(!feof(fp)) { printf(" \n Name:%s,%s %s\n Age:%d\n Sex:%s\n \n Religion:%s Civil Status:%s\n\n Contact Number:%d\n E-mail:%s\n Adrress:%s\n ",b[i].lastn,b[i].firstn...
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...Worst Cases of QuickSort
Ramprasad Joshi
February 2, 2016
Abstract
In this article, we look at the worst cases of QuickSort: what they
are, and how numerous they are. We assume that the pivot is always
picked up from the first element.
1
The Plan
We run the following program repeatedly:
#include
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...char ch; printf("Input a character\n"); scanf("%c", &ch); switch(ch) { case 'a': case 'A': case 'e': case 'E': case 'i': case 'I': case 'o': case 'O': case 'u': case 'U': printf("%c is a vowel.\n", ch); break; default: printf("%c is not a vowel.\n", ch); } return 0; } Leap Year or Not #include <stdio.h> int main() { int year; printf("Enter a year to check if it is a leap year\n"); scanf("%d", &year); if ( year%400 == 0) printf("%d is a leap year.\n", year); else if ( year%100 == 0) printf("%d is not a leap year.\n", year); else if ( year%4 == 0 ) printf("%d is a leap year.\n", year); else printf("%d is not a leap year.\n", year); return 0; } Add Digits include <stdio.h> int main() { int n, t, sum = 0, remainder; printf("Enter an integer\n"); scanf("%d", &n); t = n; while (t != 0) { remainder = t % 10; sum = sum + remainder; t = t / 10; } printf("Sum of digits of %d = %d\n", n, sum); return 0; } Greatest Common divisor and Least Common Multiple #include <stdio.h> int main() { int a, b, x, y, t, gcd, lcm; printf("Enter two integers\n"); scanf("%d%d", &x, &y); a = x; b = y; while (b != 0) { t = b; b = a % b; a = t; } gcd = a; lcm...
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...Problem Books in Mathematics Edited by P. Winkler Problem Books in Mathematics Series Editors: Peter Winkler Pell’s Equation by Edward J. Barbeau Polynomials by Edward J. Barbeau Problems in Geometry by Marcel Berger, Pierre Pansu, Jean-Pic Berry, and Xavier Saint-Raymond Problem Book for First Year Calculus by George W. Bluman Exercises in Probability by T. Cacoullos Probability Through Problems by Marek Capi´ski and Tomasz Zastawniak n An Introduction to Hilbert Space and Quantum Logic by David W. Cohen Unsolved Problems in Geometry by Hallard T. Croft, Kenneth J. Falconer, and Richard K. Guy Berkeley Problems in Mathematics (Third Edition) by Paulo Ney de Souza and Jorge-Nuno Silva The IMO Compendium: A Collection of Problems Suggested for the International Mathematical Olympiads: 1959–2004 by Duˇan Djuki´, Vladimir Z. Jankovi´, Ivan Mati´, and Nikola Petrovi´ s c c c c Problem-Solving Strategies by Arthur Engel Problems in Analysis by Bernard R. Gelbaum Problems in Real and Complex Analysis by Bernard R. Gelbaum (continued after subject index) Wolfgang Schwarz 40 Puzzles and Problems in Probability and Mathematical Statistics Wolfgang Schwarz Universit¨ t Potsdam a Humanwissenschaftliche Fakult¨ t a Karl-Liebknecht Strasse 24/25 D-14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany wschwarz@uni-potsdam.de Series Editor: Peter Winkler Department of Mathematics Dartmouth College Hanover, NH 03755 USA Peter.winkler@dartmouth.edu ISBN-13: 978-0-387-73511-5 e-ISBN-13: 978-0-387-73512-2 ...
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...Chapter 1 ------------------------------------------------- Law and Legal Reasoning ------------------------------------------------- N.B.: TYPE indicates that a question is new, modified, or unchanged, as follows. N A question new to this edition of the Test Bank. + A question modified from the previous edition of the Test Bank. = A question included in the previous edition of the Test Bank. | TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS B1. Laws and government regulations affect almost all business activities. ANSWER: T PAGE: 2 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB-Legal B2. The U.S. Constitution is the basis of all law in the United States. ANSWER: T PAGE: 4 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB-Legal B3. The U.S. Constitution reserves to the federal government all powers not granted to the states. ANSWER: F PAGE: 4 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB-Critical Thinking B4. The Uniform Commercial Code has been adopted in all fifty states. ANSWER: T PAGE: 5 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Reflective AICPA: BB-Critical Thinking B5. Federal agency regulations take precedence over conflicting state agency regulations. ANSWER: T PAGE: 5 TYPE: + BUSPROG: Analytic AICPA: BB-Legal ...
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...Applying Lean Concepts in a Warehouse Operation Frank Garcia Partner ADVENT DESIGN CORPORATION What We’ll Cover Basic Lean Concepts for Warehouse Improvement Using Value Stream Maps: Current & Future State Implementing Process Improvements Case Study Using and Ongoing Application (Pork Producer) WHAT TO DO ABOUT THE WAREHOUSE? • • • • • Too many people Excessive material handling Inventory inaccuracies Don’t ship the pounds No space!!!! Need to Expand! WAREHOUSE CHALLENGES Focus on Manufacturing. Warehouse is a box on the VSM Office & Info Flow Customer Demands Product pushed into warehouse & pulled by customers Warehouse Application of Lean Principles to an area that exists because of waste in the value stream or customer Production Suppliers demand/lead time Warehouse is the crossroads of conflicting requirements How Do We Use Lean Techniques for Warehouse Improvement? Assess the operation using a Value Stream Map and/or PFDs (Product families & Warehouse data) Involve the operators & supervisors Identify lean improvements & kaizens Question every activity! Treat the warehouse like a large staging area Develop justification Implement lean improvements using VSM plan Start the cycle again! Lean Manufacturing Fundamental Principle of Lean Manufacturing Any activity or action which does not add value to the product is a form of waste and must be eliminated or minimized. In the Warehouse Customer Pays for Shipping Everything Else Must Be Minimized ! What Do We Need...
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...Exercises 12.4(b, e). Do Exercise 12.8. Math 221, Discrete Structures Do Exercise 12.9. In your induction case, you should start with (n + 1)2 and use the result from Exercise 12.8. Do Exercise 12.10. i is divisible by 3 means that i = 3k for some integer k. You may use the fact that the sum of two expressions, each one divisible by 3, is also divisible by 3. 1 Assignment 2 1. 2. 3. 4. Study Section 12.5. Do Exercise 12.5. Do Exercise 12.14. Math 221, Discrete Structures Prove (12.16.1). There are two base cases, one for n = 1 and one for n = 2. For the induction case, there are two inductive hypotheses–one with n − 1 and one with n. You can assume both of them to prove the case for n + 1. Start with the RHS, use (12.14), then the inductive hypotheses. Prove (12.35a). The base case is n = 1. Prove (12.35b). The base case is n = 1. 5. 6. 1 Assignment 3 1. 2. Study Section 10.1. Math 221, Discrete Structures Do Exercise 10.1(a, b, c, d, e, g). For 10.1(d), you will need an implication in the body of a universal quantification. For 10.1(g), it is easiest to translate “It is not the case that” as ¬. 1 Assignment 4 1. Do Exercise 10.1(h, i, j, k, l, m). For 10.1(h) and (l), you will need an implication with the ∈ symbol. For 10.1(m), you will need to quantify with Σ with a body of 1. Do Exercise 10.3. Math 221, Discrete Structures 2. 3. 4. Do Exercise 10.5. Give a formal definition for the predicate rev(b, c, n), where b and c are arrays...
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...state law that conflicts with the U.S. Constitution will be deemed unconstitutional. ANSWER: T PAGE: 6 TYPE: = 6. To determine whether a law is constitutional, a court will only look at the law’s source. ANSWER: F PAGE: 6 TYPE: = 7. Uniform laws apply in all states, including those in which the laws have not been adopted. ANSWER: F PAGE: 6 type: N 8. State constitutions are supreme within their respective borders. ANSWER: T PAGE: 6 type: N 9. Statutory law does not include county ordinances. ANSWER: F PAGE: 6 TYPE: = 10. Every state has adopted the Uniform Commercial Code in its entirety. ANSWER: F PAGE: 7 TYPE: N 11. Common law is a term for law that is common throughout the world. ANSWER: F PAGE: 8 TYPE: = 12. Damages is the normal remedy at law today. ANSWER: T PAGE: 8 TYPE: = 13. Equitable remedies include injunctions and decrees of specific performance. ANSWER: T PAGE: 8 TYPE: = 14. In most states, a court cannot grant a legal remedy and an equitable remedy in the same case. ANSWER: F PAGE: 9 TYPE: + 15. Judges use precedent when deciding a case in a common law legal system. ANSWER: T PAGE: 10 TYPE: = 16. Courts do not depart from precedents. ANSWER: F PAGE: 10 TYPE: = 17. How the courts...
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...LII. An Essay towards solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances. By the late Rev. Mr. Bayes, communicated by Mr. Price, in a letter to John Canton, M. A. and F. R. S. Dear Sir, Read Dec. 23, 1763. I now send you an essay which I have found among the papers of our deceased friend Mr. Bayes, and which, in my opinion, has great merit, and well deserves to be preserved. Experimental philosophy, you will find, is nearly interested in the subject of it; and on this account there seems to be particular reason for thinking that a communication of it to the Royal Society cannot be improper. He had, you know, the honour of being a member of that illustrious Society, and was much esteemed by many as a very able mathematician. In an introduction which he has writ to this Essay, he says, that his design at first in thinking on the subject of it was, to find out a method by which we might judge concerning the probability that an event has to happen, in given circumstances, upon supposition that we know nothing concerning it but that, under the same circumstances, it has happened a certain number of times, and failed a certain other number of times. He adds, that he soon perceived that it would not be very difficult to do this, provided some rule could be found, according to which we ought to estimate the chance that the probability for the happening of an event perfectly unknown, should lie between any two named degrees of probability, antecedently to any experiments made about it; and that...
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...indicates that a question is new, modified, or unchanged, as follows. N A question new to this edition of the Test Bank. + A question modified from the previous edition of the Test Bank, = A question included in the previous edition of the Test Bank. | TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS 1. State laws are the supreme law of the United States. ANSWER: F PAGE: 2 type: N BUSPROG: Analytic LO: 1-1 Bloom’s: Knowledge DIF: Easy AICPA: BB-Legal 2. The federal government and the states have the same constitution. ANSWER: F PAGE: 2 type: N BUSPROG: Analytic LO: 1-1 Bloom’s: Knowledge DIF: Easy AICPA: BB-Legal 3. State constitutions are supreme within their respective borders. ANSWER: T PAGE: 2 type: N BUSPROG: Analytic LO: 1-1 Bloom’s: Comprehension DIF: Moderate AICPA: BB-Legal 4. Statutory law includes state statutes and ordinances passed by cities and counties. ANSWER: T PAGE: 2 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic LO: 1-1 Bloom’s: Knowledge DIF: Easy AICPA: BB-Critical Thinking 5. Statutes are laws enacted by Congress and the state legislatures and comprise one of the sources of American law. ANSWER: T PAGE: 2 TYPE: N BUSPROG: Analytic LO: 1-1 Bloom’s: Comprehension ...
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...fprintf(' Sampling and Quantization\n'); b=5; % Number of bits. N=100; % Number of samples in final signal. n=0:(N-1); %Index Change the value of N means change in sampling rate of sig Change the value of N means change in sampling rate of sig % Choose the input type. choice = questdlg('Choose input','Input',... 'Sine','Sawtooth','Random','Random'); fprintf('Bits = %g, levels = %g, signal = %s.\n', b, 2^b, choice); % Create the input data sequence. switch choice case 'Sine' x=sin(2*pi*n/N); case 'Sawtooth' x=sawtooth(2*pi*n/N); case 'Random' x=randn(1,N); % Random data x=x/max(abs(x)); % Scale to +/- 1 end % Signal is restricted to between -1 and +1. x(x>=1)=(1-eps); % Make signal from -1 to just less than 1. x(x<-1)=-1; % Quantize a signal to "b" bits. xq=floor((x+1)*2^(b-1)); % Signal is one of 2^n int values (0 to 2^n-1) xq=xq/(2^(b-1)); % Signal is from 0 to 2 (quantized) xq=xq-(2^(b)-1)/2^(b); % Shift signal down (rounding) xe=x-xq; % Quantization error stem(x,'b'); hold on; stem(xq,'r'); hold on; stem(xe,'g'); legend('exact','quantized','error','Location','Southeast') title(sprintf('Signal, Quantized signal and Error for %g bits, %g quantization levels',b,2^b)); hold off if we increase the...
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