...ARTICLE 1: TITLE: Advertiser satisfaction with advertising agency creative product. NEEDS: The purpose of the paper is to explore the satisfaction response in the context of an applied creative, business-to-business, professional service – that of advertiser satisfaction with agency creative services. OBJECTIVES: CSD is a much-discussed but still controversial concept. Oliver (1997) offered the following definition:the consumer’s fulfillment response. It is a judgement that a product or service feature, or the product or service itself, provided (or is providing) a pleasurable level of consumption – related fulfilment, including levels of under- or over fulfilment.The disconfirmation paradigm has been researched extensively with regard to consumer goods and services (Bolton and Drew, Brown and Swartz, Oliver, Tse and Wilton. It was more recently applied to B2B services (Nowak and Washburn; Patterson. With regard to the basic disconfirmation model, Oliver concluded that “ the model has been able to adequately account for one major mechanism (disconfirmation) by which consumers form satisfaction judgements”. Oliver describes disconfirmation as “discrepancy from standard”, in either a positive or negative direction. The basic disconfirmation model comprises variables including expectations, (perceived) performance, disconfirmation. FINDINGS: Findings from the in-depth interviews concerning the structure of advertiser expectations have already...
Words: 1653 - Pages: 7
...1.0 INTRODUCTION Skytrex is an established business in Malaysia who is specialized in the manufacturing and sales of unique and specialized watches. They have been in operations for 6 years and have established their brand of watches, Skytrex as a sought after brand in the current market. Their main production motive revolves around producing watches that are both functional, stylish and yet maintains its uniqueness. Skytrex has now decided to extend their production line and venture into the production of smart watches (watches with internet accessibility and messaging function) under the brand name Vortex. This report is aimed at introducing the marketing plan of Vortex. The report will identify and discuss the various marketing aspects that have been recognized in order to successfully launch Vortex. Finally, the report will further analyze marketing strategies and the target market as well as summarize the wholesome marketing plan for Vortex. 2.0 SEGMENTING VORTEX’s MARKET Market segmentation is a form of marketing strategy that comprises of allocating a wide-ranging target market into subsections of consumers with similar needs, and then designing and implementing specific strategies to target their needs and desires using various methods to reach out to them (Smith, 1956). Marketers commonly look for broad classes of buyers who differ in their product needs or buying responses as this enables them to execute the marketing process of a product with ease by delivering...
Words: 2976 - Pages: 12
...The International Journal of Human Resource Management 9:1 February 1998 HRM strategies and labour turnover in the hotel industry: A comparative study of Australia and Singapore Angeline Cheng and Alan Brown Abstract This study explores the perceptions of HR managers on the strategic management of labour tumover in a selection of large hotels in Australia and Singapore, The main argument is that the effects of labour tumover can be mitigated with strategically managed human resources through the four key HR activities. The hotel industries in both Singapore and Australia revealed a comparable range of HR policies and practices being adopted, with an explicit recognition of the contribution an organization's human resources have on the bottom-line. There was a clear convergence towards minimizing tumover primarily through the recruitment, selection and induction processes. This was despite fundamental social, economic and labour differences between Singapore and Australia, Keywords Introduction In recent years, there has been widening recognition that human resource management (HRM) strategies impact on an organization's perfomiance and bottom-line results, contributing to overall effectiveness (Nankervis and Debrah, 1995). Particularly in the service industry, the effective utilization of human resources can give an organization its competitive edge (Schneider and Bowen, 1993). This has led to an increased interdependency of corporate strategy with human resource management...
Words: 9583 - Pages: 39
...ANALYTICAL SWOT ANALYSIS……………………………….……………..18 3.0 PRODUCT ANALYSIS…………………………………………….……………21 4.6 The product Life Cycle (PLC)………………………………....………21 4.0 STRATEGIS AND TACTICS………………………………………..………….24 5.0 SEGMENTATION, TARGETING AND POSITIONING ANALYSIS 6.7 Market Segmentation………………………………………..………….26 6.8 Target Market Profile……………………………………………………30 6.9 Positioning………………………………………………………….…….32 6.0 MARKETING STRATEGIES AND EVALUATION OF MARKET PROGRAM ELEMENTS………………………………………………………………………..33 Refferences…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….36 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY a. Introduction of the product Name of the company: Air Asia Berhad ABOUT THE PRODUCT Air Asia is a low cost airline based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It operates scheduled domestic and international flights and is Asia’s largest low fare, no frills airlines. Air Asia pioneered low cost travelling in Asia. It is also the first airline in the region to implement fully ticketless travel and unassigned seats. Its main base is the Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT) at Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA). Its affiliate airlines Thai Air Asia and Indonesia Air Asia fly from Suvarnabhumi Airport, Thailand and Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Indonesia, respectively. The airlines established in 1993 and started operations on 18 November 1996. It was originally founded by a government-owned conglomerate DRB –...
Words: 6417 - Pages: 26
...2.4 Behavioural factor The next independent variable in this research is behavioral factor. Behavioral factor has been seen as one of the factor that contributes to the increase of employment among foreign workers in certain sectors. In determining the behavioral factor that involve in this study, the researchers choose MARS Model, which is introduced by McShane (2013), as a guideline. MARS Model is an acronym for motivation, ability, role perceptions and situational factors. Omollo (2015) stated that elements in MARS Model are greatly connected to each other, which affect the employee behavior and performance. Omollo also gave an example, which described the sequence or connection of all elements by saying, “enthusiastic and employee with...
Words: 2301 - Pages: 10
...A study on the factors of High Labour Turnover within the Hotel Industry in Johor Bahru 1.0 Introduction The hotel industry in Malaysia was considered the second highest industry that contributed to the national GDP. A report from the Malaysia Insider (2010) stated that 9% of the country’s GDP is contributed by this industry due to the increasing numbers of tourists visiting the nation. This can be seen from a 2010 report by the MTPB which showed 16.4 million tourists arrived in 2005, later the number increased to 23.6 million within 5 years. Thus, an increase in the number of tourist means that there will be more job opportunities for the locals. However according to the report from the Ministry of Human Resource in 2009 it mentioned that the Tourism employee turnover in Malaysia is relatively high at 16% and 8% was contributed by hotel employee turnover. Manpower is crucial to any industry but to the service industry manpower shortage would be the biggest challenge faced by the hotel industry when compounded by the issues of staff retention and job satisfaction. In an increasingly competitive landscape, the hospitality industry must endure upon restructuring especially in aspects of career progression opportunities and matching the industry growth with the talent and service levels as well as monetary and non-monetary reward structures. It has become a necessity to look at the context of labour turnover within the hotel industry and decide on benchmark practices to battle...
Words: 2860 - Pages: 12
...Prepared for: Lucy Wilson Submitted: 28 April 2014 Words: 1350 Prepared by: Kayla Vu 006146202 Executive Summary This report was commissioned by Renee Malan in order to The purpose of this report is to discuss about the process of a job analysis, in terms outlining the job description and job specifications and how job analysis information can be collected and as well as, providing an example of job description of a baker. Furthermore, this report will discuss in finding the suitable ways to attract a pool of qualified job applicants for the jobs either internal or external of the organisation, how to create a job and explaining how the strategic selection can be applied to select the best candidate for a baker by applying to within the practical context of bakery. Recruitment strategies are reported including the varieties of methods is used and showing the advantages and disadvantages. In conclusion, the report will finalise and recommend which recruitment method is best applied to bakery context as well as, why these methods are suitable and how the strategic selection can be applied to select the best candidate. This information will be presented individually under subheadings as a formal report. Specific information resources came from textbooks, journal articles and online resources such as eBook and internet. Table of Contents Executive Summary………………………………………………….………1 1. Introduction3 1.1 Authorisation 1.2 Limitations 1.3 Scope the report……………………………………………………………… ...
Words: 3048 - Pages: 13
... water, land and noise pollutions, which can help to monitor and evaluate organization’s commitment to environmentally sustainable forms of business activity. Overall speaking, this journal article clarify that through reduction in cost, compliance with environmental legislation, and improving corporate image, etc., organization can developed sustainability via using environmental management system, and environmental accounting can underpin the system as it can track environmental performance of organizations’ in more measurable manner. However, there exist some limitations in the research report. Firstly, the journal article was released in Malaysia. The survey samples and research model were mainly based on Malaysian information and situation, which lack of representative and the research outcomes may not be suitable in Australia. Secondly, there are various problems and challenges in establishing a good environmental accounting, like how to correctly capture the environmental cost, or how to forecast future environmental related cost, while...
Words: 2216 - Pages: 9
...1.1. Background Information Aedes mosquitoes are the vectors that cause the mosquito-borne disease such as Dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). The cases of dengue are keeping increasing from time to time and this has made it become a serious international concern. Initially, in the 1950’s only 5 countries documented dengue but up until now the dengue cases were reported in more than 100 countries (Guha –Sapi & Schimmer, 2005). Dengue can be transferred when the mosquitoes infected with one of the four dengue virus serotypes known as DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4 (WHO, 2014). There is no vaccine or any exact medication to treat dengue. In Malaysia, dengue fever cases are not something bizarre. Selangor is one of the states that had reported with high...
Words: 10075 - Pages: 41
...International Journal of Business and Management; Vol. 8, No. 24; 2013 ISSN 1833-3850 E-ISSN 1833-8119 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Transactional and Transformational Leadership: A Comparative Study of the Difference between Tony Fernandes (Airasia) and Idris Jala (Malaysia Airlines) Leadership Styles from 2005-2009 Arif Kamisan, P1 & Brian E. M. King1 1 School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China Correspondence: Arif Kamisan, P, School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 17, Science Museum Road, East Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel: 852-3400-2645. E-mail: 11555000G@connect.polyu.hk Received: May 27, 2013 doi:10.5539/ijbm.v8n24p107 Abstract Leadership plays an essential role in the success of managing organisation. The purpose of this paper is to examine the leadership styles of two leaders in managing the two biggest airline companies in Malaysia namely, Malaysia Airlines and AirAsia. The results showed that the strong leadership style and approach by the two have contributed to the success of the mentioned airlines. The transactional and transformational approaches have significantly given impact in managing the organisation in the current competitive business environment. Other leadership constructs such as entrepreneurial, ethical, innovative and creative have emerged from the two key leaders in this study and require further discussion in the future. Furthermore...
Words: 7350 - Pages: 30
...International Journal of Business and Management; Vol. 8, No. 24; 2013 ISSN 1833-3850 E-ISSN 1833-8119 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Transactional and Transformational Leadership: A Comparative Study of the Difference between Tony Fernandes (Airasia) and Idris Jala (Malaysia Airlines) Leadership Styles from 2005-2009 Arif Kamisan, P1 & Brian E. M. King1 1 School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China Correspondence: Arif Kamisan, P, School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 17, Science Museum Road, East Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Tel: 852-3400-2645. E-mail: 11555000G@connect.polyu.hk Received: May 27, 2013 doi:10.5539/ijbm.v8n24p107 Abstract Leadership plays an essential role in the success of managing organisation. The purpose of this paper is to examine the leadership styles of two leaders in managing the two biggest airline companies in Malaysia namely, Malaysia Airlines and AirAsia. The results showed that the strong leadership style and approach by the two have contributed to the success of the mentioned airlines. The transactional and transformational approaches have significantly given impact in managing the organisation in the current competitive business environment. Other leadership constructs such as entrepreneurial, ethical, innovative and creative have emerged from the two key leaders in this study and require further discussion in the future...
Words: 7350 - Pages: 30
...INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION ACT/EMP PUBLICATIONS INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND GLOBALIZATION: CHALLENGES FOR EMPLOYERS AND THEIR ORGANIZATIONS Prepared by David Macdonald Senior Industrial Relations Specialist ILO/EASMAT Bangkok Paper presented at the ILO Workshop on Employers' Organizations in Asia-Pacific in the Twenty-First Century Turin, Italy, 5-13 May 1997. [Top] [Next] Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 2. Introduction 3. Industrial Relations (IR) in the Global Context (a) IR - a definition (b) IR and HRM (c) Liberalization, globalization and IR (i) Overview (ii) The relevance of globalization to industrial relations - a summary (iii) The role of multinational corporations (MNC's) (iv) Information technology and IR (v) The impact of other trends (d) The changing nature of IR - a re-definition? 4. IR in Asia and the Pacific (a) The historical context (i) General (ii) Economic development and industrialization (iii) Industrialization and IR policies (iv) IR arrangements - regional divergence (v) Other considerations (b) The current environment (i) Overview 2 (ii) Current responses to liberalization and globalization (iii) Important regional trends 5. Responding to Current and Prospective IR challenges in Asia and the Pacific developing an agenda for employers and their organizations to facilitate transition to the Twenty-first century (a) Overview (b) General issues (i) Achieving competitiveness (ii) Effective IR is a key to improved enterprise performance (iii)...
Words: 16447 - Pages: 66
...Auditors’ Ability to Assess Fraud Risk on Their Ability to Detect the Likelihood of Fraud Nahariah Jaffar* Faculty of Management, Multimedia University Arfah Salleh Graduate School of Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia Takiah Mohd Iskandar Faculty of Economics and Business Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Hasnah Haron School of Management, Universiti Sains Malaysia ABSTRACT The Malaysian Approved Standards on Auditing, AI 240 on “Fraud and Error” (MIA, 1997) requires the auditor to assess the risk of fraud and error during the audit of financial statements. Based on the risk assessment, the auditor should design audit procedures to obtain reasonable assurance that misstatements arising from fraud and error that are material to the financial statements taken as a whole are detected. Inability of the external auditor to detect material misstatements, particularly intentional misstatements, may expose the external auditor to litigation. The present study aims to examine the effect of the external auditor’s ability to assess fraud risk on his/her ability to detect the likelihood of fraud. An experimental approach is adopted by sending case materials to audit partners and audit managers attached to auditing firms operating in Malaysia. The result shows that in a high fraud risk scenario, the external auditor’s ability to assess fraud risk has a positive effect on his/her ability to detect the likelihood of fraud, whereas in a low fraud risk scenario not...
Words: 11930 - Pages: 48
...European Union:- A group of European countries that participates in the world economy as one economic unit and operates under one official currency, the euro. The EU's goal is to create a barrier-free trade zone and to enhance economic wealth by creating more efficiency within its marketplace. The current formalized incarnation of the European Union was created in 1993 with 12 initial members. Since then, many additional countries have since joined. The EU has become one of the largest producers in the world, in terms of GDP, and the euro has maintained a competitive value against the U.S. dollar. EU and non-EU members must agree to many legal requirements in order to trade with the EU member states. The European Union is a group of countries whose governments work together. It's a bit like a club. To join you have to agree to follow the rules and in return you get certain benefits. Each country has to pay money to be a member. They mostly do this through taxes. The EU uses the money to change the way people live and do business in Europe. Countries join because they think that they will benefit from the changes the EU makes EU is a unique economic and political partnership between 27 European countries that together cover much of the continent. The EU was created in the aftermath of the Second World War. The first steps were to foster economic cooperation: the idea being that countries who trade with one another become economically interdependent and so more likely to...
Words: 7150 - Pages: 29
...HRM in India Summary ------------------------------------------------- India is being widely recognised as one of the most exciting emerging economics in the world. Besides becoming a global hub of outsourcing, Indian firms are spreading their wings globally through mergers and acquisitions. During the first four months of 1997, Indian companies have bought 34 foreign companies for about U.S. $11 billion dollars. This impressive development has been due to a growth in inputs (capital and labour) as well as factor productivity. By the year 2020, India is expected to add about 250 million to its labour pool at the rate of about 18 million a year, which is more than the entire labour force of Germany. This so called ‘demographic dividend’ has drawn a new interest in the Human Resource concepts and practices in India. This paper traces notable evidence of economic organisations and managerial ideas from ancient Indian sources with enduring traditions and considers them in the context of contemporary challenges. Intriduction Over many centuries India has absorbed managerial ideas and practices from around the world. Early records of trade, from 4500 B.C. to 300 B.C., not only indicate international economic and political links, but also the ideas of social and public administration. The world’s first management book, titled ‘Arlhãshastra’, written three millennium before Christ, codified many aspects of human resource practices in Ancient India. This treatise presented notions...
Words: 5420 - Pages: 22
