...Between 1960 and 1972, a succession of military coups brought about many changes of government.[citation needed] The last of these brought to power Major Mathieu Kérékou as the head of a regime professing strict Marxist-Leninist principles.[2] By 1975 the Republic of Dahomey changed its name to the People's Republic of Benin.[3] The People's Revolutionary Party of Benin (PRPB) remained in complete power until the beginning of the 1990s. Kérékou, encouraged by France and other democratic powers, convened a national conference that introduced a new democratic constitution and held presidential and legislative elections. Kérékou's principal opponent at the presidential poll, and the ultimate victor, was Prime Minister Nicéphore Soglo. Supporters of Soglo also secured a majority in the National Assembly.[4] Benin was thus the first African country to effect successfully the transition from dictatorship to a pluralistic political system.[5] In the second round of National Assembly elections held in March 1995, Soglo's political vehicle, the Parti de la Renaissance du Benin, was the largest single party but lacked an overall majority. The success of a party formed by supporters of ex-president Kérékou, who had officially retired from active politics, allowed him to stand successfully at both the 1996 and 2001 presidential elections.[4] During the 2001 elections, however, alleged irregularities and dubious practices led to a boycott of the run-off poll by the main opposition candidates...
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...Benin is a country found in Sub-Saharan Africa more commonly known as (SSA). According to the CIA as of a report published in year 2007, 37% of Benin’s population lived below the poverty line. This indicates that nearly half of the inhabitants of Benin live below the dollar-a-day poverty line. The poverty line established in regards to the understanding that it takes at least a dollar to provide the minimum standard of living for individuals on a day to day basis. Benin’s main source of income is agriculture. Cotton is at the forefront of Benin’s economic income making up 40% of total GDP. This provides a problem because of a decrease in the cost of cotton over the years, due to subsidied cotton production in other countries around the world. Subsistence farming also plays a major part in cotton farming troubles. Because over half of Benin’s population practices subsistence farming, many of the natural land and resources are used up. Other exports in Benin consist of crude oil, palm oil, cocoa and seafood. The other 60% of GDP is made up through services, and industry accounting for 15 and 52 percents respectively. While over the years Benin has witnessed great strides toward it’s goal of ending poverty, it still holds the the title of an LIC or Low Income Country..The worldwide recession in 2009 played a large role in hindering the economies advances. Before 2009 Benin’s growth rate was at 4% but dropped to a mere 2.7%. 2010 saw Benin rebound but not by much at 3%. Benin...
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...Christopher Morisseau Benin Country Profile Physical Geography Benin is a small nation located in western Sub-Saharan Africa. It is a north-south strip of land bordered to the north by Niger, along the Niger River, as well as Burkina Faso, Togo to the West, and Nigeria to the East. To the south lies the Bight of Benin, which forms the northeastern segment of the Gulf of Guinea, on the Atlantic Ocean. This gives the country a coastline of about 121 km, or 75 miles. It encompasses a total area of about 112,000 km2, of which about 2,000 km2 is water. This makes it the 102nd largest country in the world in terms of physical size. Most of the country is relatively flat, with a marshy coastal plain to the south along the Atlantic Ocean. To the north, the country becomes a combination of tropical forest and savanna which gradually develops into low foothills. There is a range of low mountains along the northwestern border known as the Atacora, the tallest of which is Mont Sokbaro, which reaches a height of 658m....
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...Discuss how views about the Benin plaques have changed, and how this has been reflected in their presentation in museums. In considering the question as to how views about the Benin plaques have changed and how these views are subsequently reflected in their presentation in museums, it might be helpful to consider the definition of art objects and how their interpretation can change when moved from one context to another. Understanding what we conceive as ‘art’ is an ever-changing abstract concept that requires knowledge of the contextual circumstances of its creation. In order to understand the implications in which the Benin bronzes are contextualised and how the display of these artefacts is approached from both anthropological and artistic view point I seek to examine the way in which the Benin Bronzes are interpreted. My evidence will be gathered using Nigerian historian Joseph Eboreime’s description of the Horniman Museums Africa collection and ethnographers Charles Read and Ormonde Daltons interpretation of the British Museums African Galleries using readings 2.6 and 2.7 of AA100 cultural encounters book 3 as well is referring to plates 3.2.22, 3.2.24, 3.2.25 and 3.2.26 of the AA100 illustration book. Regarded as some of the most important cultural symbols of the African continent, the Benin bronzes are highly acclaimed artefacts that have been subject to a great deal interest in the world of art history. Following the seizure of the Benin Bronzes by British forces...
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...MKT 382 | International Marketing | THE COUNTRY NOTEBOOK A GUIDE FOR DEVELOPING A MARKETING PLAN Name of Country : Benin Name of the Company: Pran Products: food items Date of Submission: 19/12/2012 Company Overview Pran Foods Limited “PRAN” is currently one of the most admired food & beverages brand among the millions of people of Bangladesh and other 82 countries of the world where PRAN Products are regularly being exported. ‘PRAN’ started its operation in 1981 as a processors fruit and vegetable in Bangladesh. Over the years, the company has not only grown in stature but also contributed significantly to the overall socio-economic development of the country PRAN is currently producing more than 200 food products under 10 different categories i.e. Juices, Drinks, Mineral Water, Bakery, Carbonated beverages, Snacks, Culinary, Confectionery, Biscuits & Dairy. The company has adopted ISO 9001 as a guiding principle of its management system. The company is complaint to HACCP & certified with HALAL which ensures only the best quality products are reaches to the consumers table across the Globe. Mission “ TO GENERATE EMPLOYMENT AND EARN DIGNITY & SELF RESPECTFOR OUR COMPATRIOTS THROUGH PROFITABLE ENTERPRISES.” Vission “Improving Livelihood” PRAN takes a comprehensive approach to all kinds of agro processed food products, considering all of the ways their lives can be enriched through ensuring hygienic and...
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...BRIEF HISTORY OF NABTEB The National Business and Technical Examinations Board was established in 1992 to domesticate craft level examinations which were hitherto conducted by City & Guilds, Pittman’s, and Royal Society of Arts all of UK in accordance with the provisions of the National Policy on Education. Its establishment was the climax of an evolutionary process which spanned 15 years from 1977 to 1992 and in which FOUR Government Panels at different times were set up to review the place and structure of public examinations in our educational system. Each of these Panels advocated and justified the multiplication of the examinations bodies, and in particular, a separate body to perform the functions which NABTEB now performs. The process began with the findings of Justice Sogbetun Commission of Enquiry (1978), which was set up in response to public outcry on perceived inefficiency and unchecked leakages of public examinations. This was followed by the Angulu Commission, which was set up as a result of WAEC’s presentation to the House of Representative Committee on Education in 1981 in which WAEC advocated the setting up of other examination boards in Nigeria “to reduce the burden of WAEC”. The third was the Okoro Panel set up in 1989 to review the Angulu Report. The forth was the Professor Akin Osiyale’s Task Force set up in 1991 “to evolve a strategy to reduce the burden of WAEC and bring about greater efficiency in the conduct of public examinations”. The National...
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...What does the image of the Benin Queen Mother tell us about the role of women in African societies? In African cultures women can hold a great deal of power, especially in the position of Queen Mother. In Benin cultures the Queen Mother is considered the co-ruler along with the King. Queen mothers have an extraordinary amount of power in Africa. They have sovereign power over their subjects, are independent, have their own courts, and help the kings make decisions regarding the ruling of the kingdom. The queen mother is like a high ranking chief. However, the Queen Mother has the ultimate veto power of the King. She is also allowed to appoint her own ministers and holds a strong decision in the ministers the King chooses as well. The Queen mother also participates in the council meetings as dominate authority. Ultimately the Queen Mother had the decision who became the next king within the tribe. Queen mothers usually built up political coalitions throughout their reign. This allowed them to bring their sons into power and thus protect their sons. So if we take Benin Queen Mother as an image women hold more power compared to other cultures. They had political, economy and spiritual power, the power actually lies in the dynamic differences between the roles of men and women. It is within these unique characteristics that are distinctively male or female that the power emerges. Unlike other cultures women were much respected in African society, they were believed to be...
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...Despite Benin's small size, the country's landscape varies from Savanna Grasslands (West Sudanian Savanna) to dense forests (Nigerian Lowland forests and Eastern Guinean Forests), with a mixture of the two found in areas such as the Guinean Forest-Savanna Mosaic. The predominant tropical climate found in the region presents two alternating rainy and dry seasons through the year. Lands used for cotton cultivation can be found throughout the country, however, they are mostly concentrated in the northern regions of Benin near Djougou and Bada as seen in the illustration. Oil palm and peanut plantations are mostly found near the coast, along with the areas used for fishing. Currently, Benin experiences many environmental issues; the most critical being "inadequate supplies of potable water; water pollution; poaching threatens wildlife populations; deforestation; desertification" (The World Factbook)...
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...Economics BENIN – COUNTRY STUDY FOR INVESTMENT IN SOLAR ENERGY SECTOR Compiled by: Thi Hien Anh Nguyen Thi Hien Anh NGUYEN 2012 PREAMBLE This report is prepared as a preliminary research based on hypothetic scenario of an investment project of EUR10 million in solar energy sector in Benin. The report hence firstly focuses on the analysis of Benin’s macro-environment, including the political, socio-demographical, economic, legal and ecological environments which might impinge on the project. The report then goes further in analysing the current situation of the energy sector in Benin and the prospects offered for the solar energy sector in Benin. I/ BENIN – COUNTRY CONTEXT AND PROSPECTS 1. Country overview Benin (French: Bénin, formerly Dahomey), officially the Republic of Benin (French: République du Bénin), is a country in West Africa. Situated in the Gulf of Guinea, it is bordered by Togo to the west, by Nigeria to the east and by Burkina Faso and Niger to the north. A majority of the population live on its small southern coastline on the Bight of Benin. The capital of Benin is Porto-Novo, but the seat of government is in Cotonou, the country's largest city. Benin covers an area of approximately 110,000 square kilometers (42,000 sq mi), with a population of approximately 9.1 million. Benin is a tropical, sub-Saharan nation, highly dependent on agriculture, with substantial employment and income arising from subsistence farming. The official language of Benin is French...
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...IMICRO-FINANCE OF MOBILE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED CASE STUDIES IN BENIN CITY BY DADA ADEYINKA PSC0709051 DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION FACULTY OF management SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF BENIN BENIN CITY. DECEMBER, 2015. MICRO-FINANCE OF MOBILE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN NIGERIA: AN ANALYSIS OF SELECTED CASE STUDIES IN BENIN CITY BY GLORY PSC0709051 IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B.SC) DEGREE IN POLITICAL SCIENCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BENIN DECEMBER, 2015. CERTIFICATION This is to certify that the exercise here by described in the research work was carried out behind the Faculty of Physical Science, University of Benin, under my supervisor. ____________________ ____________________ Dr. B.E. Iyorzor Date Project Supervisor ____________________ ____________________ Dr. E.O Aiyohuyin Date Head of Department DEDICATION I dedicate this project to Almighty God who has always giving me the grace and privilege financially and otherwise to do this project and to my lovely family, who gave me moral courage in the cost of writing this project. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This completion of this work would not have been possible if not for the support which I received from many people. My thanks...
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...TO WHICH EXTENT DOES PARTY-LIST PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION PROVIDE POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF MINORITIES IN BENIN, GUINEA-BISSAU AND NAMIBIA? Pavel Pylypcuk, Alexandra Sidorova Aalborg University 2014 Table of contents 1. Introduction 3 I. PART 5 2. Electoral system 5 2.1. Types of electoral system 6 2.2. Proportional representation 6 2.3. Party-list proportional representation 7 II. PART 8 3. Structure of case studies 8 4. Benin 9 4.1. Historical introduction and the electoral system 9 4.2. Elections to National Assembly in years 1991-2007 10 4.3. Political parties in Benin: profile, electorate and interactions 11 4.4. Conclusion 12 5. Guinea-Bissau 13 5.1. Historical introduction and the electoral system 13 5.2. Elections to National People's Assembly in years 1994-2008 14 5.3. Political parties in Guinea-Bissau: profile, electorate and interactions 15 5.4. The electoral process in Guinea-Bissau 16 5.5. Conclusion 17 6. Namibia 18 6.1. Historical introduction and the electoral system 18 6.2. Elections to National Assembly in years 1989-2009 19 6.3. Political parties in Namibia: profile, electorate and interactions 20 6.4. The electoral process in Namibia 21 6.5. Conclusion 23 7. Final conclusion 24 8. Bibliography 26 1. Introduction Electoral systems are considered as an instrument, which can relatively quickly and effectively...
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...reviewed all marketing strategies for the business on both a regional and national basis. Continuously improved the marketing processes within the business through the development of a structured marketing plan, segmentation analysis along with optimising client data to ensure cost effective marketing programmes were delivered. Marketing Specialist - Product Development Feb 2008 to Apr 2012 ETEK GLOBAL RESOURCE - BENIN, EDO Responsibilities: Developed, negotiated and executed product development plans in conjunction with product teams. Research and implement surveys to provide insights into the customer experience of specific applications and services, and drive the development of customer experience and service enhancements. Education CERTIFICATE ON SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE – ENSCHEDE, NETHERLANDS 2016 BACHELOR OF AGRICULTURE, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND EXTENSION SERVICES 2005 UNIVERSITY OF BENIN - BENIN, EDO, NIGERIA SSCE, SECONDARY SCHOOL 1997 UNIVERSITY OF BENIN DEMONSTRATION SECONDARY SCHOOL - BENIN, EDO, NIGERIA FIRST SCHOOL LEAVING...
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...in effect and slaves were being transported from Africa to plantations in Europe, South America, and the New World. But with the transportation of slaves across the world came disastrous loss for African people. The ships that would travel to different locations that contained slaves would contract different disease due to cruel ways of sanitation and living onboard by Portuguese sailors. Many slaves would be killed which would be detrimental in African society with the loss of their citizens. The Coast of West Africa had played a significant role in the transatlantic slave trade. West Africa was not just of slave trade but slavery was being practiced in different regions of West Africa. Areas in West Africa such as Senegambia, Bight of Benin, Gold Coast and Bight of Biafra all show how slavery was being practiced within African territory. “ Early...
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...and conservation strategies. It helps in community development by providing the alternate source of livelihood to local community. Medina (2005) explains that a criterion for sustainable tourism should include indicators of social and economic sustainability adding up to indicators of environmental sustainability. Okomu (Nigeria) and Pendjari (Benin Republic) National Parks are becoming one of the frontiers in ecotourism development among the protected areas of West Africa Sub-region managed by their respective National Government. Although, the rate at which ecotourism is developing in them is becoming high due to concerted efforts taken by respective governments (Dallat, 2010), steps had to be taken in order to preserve their ecological components. The rapid development and widening appeal of ecotourism has raised significant challenges for the sector (Reynolds and Braithwaite, 2001). In view of vigorous rivalry in ecotourism industry in Africa, largely due to its non – consumptive means of foreign exchange, it is imperative for the tourist destinations in the West Africa sub-region including Okomu (Nigeria) and Pendjari (Benin Republic) National Parks to stand out in the ecological and socio-economic sustainability of their rich natural resources. As such, this will offer the future generation of host communities’ non- degraded natural resources and present them the ability to match with their counterparts in some East African countries and South Africa, where the development...
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...Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR) 2.0 LOCATION Head Office: KM 7, Benin-Akure Road, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria Contact Office: 136, Ugbowo Lagos Road, Benin City. Postal Address: P.M.B. 1030, Benin City, Edo State. Website: www.nifor.org e.mail: info@nifor.org 3.0 VISION To remain an international center of excellence in palms research and development. 4.0 MISSION STATEMENT To support the Nigerian palms industry to ➢ enable the nation attain self sufficiency in palm oil production and regain the leading position in international oil palm production and trade in the commodity; ➢ bring other palms such as Coconut, Date, Raphia and unexploited palms to greater economic importance; ➢ bring other oil bearing tree crops such as shea to greater economic importance; ➢ ensure availability of cutting-edge technologies such as high quality hybrid planting materials, user-friendly processing and utilization technologies, highly trained responsive manpower and effective technology dissemination. 5.0 DETAILS OF BUSINESS TRANSACTED BY THE ORGANIZATION The business of the Institute includes: • fundamental study of the mandate crops: Oil palm, Coconut palm, Raphia palm, Date palm, other palms and Shea • improvement of genetic potentials of the specified crops, and production of their seeds for distribution to farmers; • improvement of agronomic and husbandry practices including planting, cultivation, harvesting and soil fertility management...
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