Introduction:
BEXIMCO Group is the largest private sector industrial conglomerate in Bangladesh engaged in diverse business areas. BEXIMCO comprises of five publicly listed companies and sixteen private companies. The Group turnover in 2008 was BDT 18.5 billion. BEXIMCO employs 35,000 people and has 230,000 shareholders. BEXIMCO’s shares constitute 4.84% of the market capitalization of DSE.
History of BEXIMCO:
Since independence Bangladesh has come a long way, and the Beximco Group of Companies is honored to have had a role in the development of its parent nation. The Group has worked with a simple philosophy; identify an important need and then do everything possible to successfully satiate that need, in a manner which best facilitates the well being of the nation. As a result Beximco has focused on those industries which give Bangladesh a competitive advantage in the global market place in many cases creating the industries for the first time in the region. Throughout its four and a half decade journey the Group has been one of the leading innovators in the country.
Presently Beximco Group comprises twenty one companies of which five are listed with the Dhaka Stock Exchange employing over 35,000 personnel and is the largest private sector industrial conglomerate in the nation. . In the course of its growth, it has created industrial and management capabilities that will serve the country for generations to come. It was the first local conglomerate to embrace an international corporate structure which is the foundation of its success. BEXIMCO's industrial businesses include jute, textiles, basic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and ceramics. BEXIMCO's non-industrial undertakings are focused on real estate and construction, engineering, media, information technology, trading and financial services. It is the creation and expansion of businesses critical to Bangladesh’s development, businesses, which are developed and run by Bangladeshis, businesses that develop technologies and practices specific to the needs of the country, which is the defining characteristic of the BEXIMCO story. Mission:
Each of their activities must benefit & add value to the common wealth of their society. They firmly believe that, in the final analysis they are accountable to each of the constituents with whom they interact; namely; their employees; their valued customers, their suppliers, their business associates, their shareholders & their fellow citizens. Board of Directors:
A S F Rahman
Chairman, Beximco Group A S F Rahman is Chairman of the Beximco Group, the largest private sector industrial group in Bangladesh. During the past 45 years A S F Rahman has played the leading role with his brother, Salman F Rahman, in building up the Group's industrial and service activities. He has presided over an expansion and deepening of the Group's interests, leading the flagship investments in textiles. The Group has been on the cutting edge of new technology and innovation in Bangladesh with an emphasis on Total Quality Management and international standards of corporate governance. With the Group's exemplary performance in exports A S F Rahman has been awarded Presidents' Export Trophy on several occasions. In addition to accomplishments as Chairman of the Group, he has been active in continuously developing strategies targeting social welfare and poverty alleviation across the country.

Salman F Rahman
Deputy Chairman, Beximco Group
Mr. Salman F Rahman, the Deputy Chairman of the Beximco Group, has been one of the driving forces in the emergence of the Group as the largest industrial entity operating in the private sector in Bangladesh today. For the past four and a half decades he has been working closely with his brother, pioneering and expanding operations in a varied number of sectors particularly pharmaceuticals, ceramics, media and property development. But aside from his role as the Deputy Chairman of the group Salman F Rahman has had an ever increasing role in expanding the corporate climate and enhancing the role of corporate governance in the nation. His service to the business community is exhibited by his terms of Presidency of The Metropolitan Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Bangladesh Aushad Shilpa Samity, Bangladesh Textile Mills Association, The Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce and Industry and the SAARC Chambers of Commerce and industry. He is also the founder and chairman of the Bangladesh Enterprise Institute, a leading think tank on economic and social policy.
He has also applied this tireless dynamism for social welfare and is an active philanthropist extraordinarily active in supporting and working with poverty alleviation and human rights groups. One of the main corporate facets which the Beximco Group brought into the business environment of Bangladesh is its emphasis on Corporate Social Responsibility and an active involvement in regional and national activities. Mr. Rahman is also the Chairman of the Abahani Krira Chakra a leading sporting club.

BEXIMCO Group:
Beximco Group is supposed to be Bangladesh's largest private sector industrial enterprise. It has targeted the industries the country needs most for progress and improved living standards. Beximco is also focused on those industries, which make the most of Bangladesh's competitive advantages in the international market. Through its ongoing growth, it has created industrial and management capabilities that will serve the country for generations. BEXIMCO's industrial sector includes jute, textiles, basic chemicals and pharmaceuticals and marine foods. Non-industrial undertakings are focused on real estate and construction, engineering, media, information technology, trading and financial services.
BEXIMCO Pharmaceuticals Ltd.:
Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (BPL) is the leading pharmaceutical manufacturer in the country. BPL manufactures and markets a high quality and cost-effective formulations covering all major therapeutic groups. Products are made under license of Upjohn Incorporated, USA followed. After its initial years of struggle it broke ground with the launching of its own products in 1983. Today, BPL holds a 15% share in the domestic market after competing with such Multinational Giants as Glaxo Welcome, Novartis, Hoecsht, Rhone Poulenc Rorer, Fisons etc.

Company Profile:
Board of Directors: * Mr. A S F Rahman – Chairman & Managing Director * Mr. Salman F Rahman – Vice Chairman * Mr. Iqbal Ahmed – Director * Mr. M A Qasem – Director * Mr. O K Chowdhury – Director * Mr. A B S Rahman – Director * Dr. Abdul Alim Khan – Director * Mr. Md. Asad Ullah – Company Secretary
Key Officers: * Mr. O K Chowdhury – Director * Mr. Md. Luthfor Rahman – Chief Financial Officer * Mr. Azahar Uddin Ahmed, FCA – Head of Internal Audit
Auditors:
* M/s. M. J. Abedin & Co. * M/s. Wellers, Registered Auditors, Accountants
Legal Advisers:
M/s. Huq & Co.
Bankers:
* Sonali Bank, Local Office, Motijheel C/A, Dhaka-1000 * IFIC Bank LTd., Dhanmondi Branch, Dhaka-1205
Registered Office:
House No.17, Road No.2, Dhanmondi R/A, Dhaka-1205

Corporate Governance
The maintenance of effective corporate governance remains a key priority of the Board of Bangladesh Export Import Company Limited. Recognizing the importance of it, the board and other senior management remained committed to high standards of corporate governance. To exercise clarity about directors’ responsibilities towards the shareholders, corporate governance must be dynamic and remain focused to the business objectives of the Company and create a culture of openness and accountability. Keeping this in mind, clear structure and accountabilities supported by well understood policies and procedures to guide the activities of Company’s management, both in its day-today business and in the areas associated with internal control have been instituted.
Internal Financial Control:
The Directors are responsible for the Company’s system of internal financial control. Although no system of internal control can provide absolute assurance against material misstatement and loss, the Company’s system is designed to provide the directors with reasonable assurance that problems are timely identified and dealt with appropriately. Key procedures to provide effective internal financial control can be described in following heads:
Management structure- The Company is operating through a well defined management structure headed by chief executive officers (CEO) under whom there are executive directors, general managers for various departments and according to hierarchy, various senior and mid level management staffs. The CEO and the executive directors, general managers meet at regular intervals represented also by finance, marketing and personnel heads.
Budgeting- There are comprehensive management reporting disciplines which involve the preparation of annual budgets by all operating departments. Executive management reviews the budgets and actual results are reported against the budget and revised forecasts are prepared at regular intervals.
Asset management- The Company has sound asset management policy, which reasonably assures the safeguarding of assets against unauthorized use or disposition. The Company also follows proper records and policy regarding capital expenditures.
Functional reporting- In pursuance with keeping the reliability of financial information used within the business or for publication, the management has identified some key areas which are subject to monthly reporting to the chairman of the board. These include monthly treasury operations and financial statements. Other areas are also given emphasis by reviewing on a quarterly basis. These include information for strategy, environmental and insurance matters.

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities for Preparation & Presentation of the Financial Statements:
The following statement is made with a view to distinguishing for shareholders the respective responsibilities of the directors and the auditors in relation to the financial statements. The Companies Act, 1994 requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company as at the end of the financial year and of the profit for the year to that date. In preparing those financial statements, the directors: * Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them in a consistent manner. * Make reasonable and prudent judgments and estimates where necessary. * State whether all applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures. * Disclosed and explained in the notes to the financial statements. * Take such steps as are reasonably open to them to safeguard the assets of the Company and to prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities. * Ensure that the Company keeps accounting records which disclose with reasonable accuracy the financial position of the Company. * Ensure that the financial statements comply with disclosure requirements of the Companies Act, 1994 and the Securities and Exchange Rules, 1987. * Prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.

Organizational chart of Beximco:
Organizational chart bearing vital importance for a company, often represented by a schematic diagram. The organizational chart of Beximco Ltd. is given below,
Board of Directors

Chairman

Chief Executive Officer
(CEO)

Managing Director

Manager
(Marketing & Procurement)

* Market Research * Input Procurement * Product Selling

GM Operation, QC & Maintenance
DGM
HR & Administration Manager
(R & D) * Policy farming & implementation * Recruitment * Training & Staff Development * HR Control * Operation * Quality Control/ Assurance * Maintenance * Inventory * Process Research * Product Planning & Development
Manager
(Accounts & Finance) * General accounts & MIS * Payroll * Share issues

Board Committees

The board- The board is responsible to the shareholders for the strategic development of the company, the management of the Company’s assets in a way that maximizes performance and the control of the operation of the business.
The board of directors is responsible for approving Company policy and is responsible to shareholders for the Company’s financial and operational performance. Responsibility for the development and implementation of Company policy and strategy, day-to-day operational issues is delegated by the board to the management of the Company.

Board structure and procedure- The membership of the board during the year end as on 31-12-2006 stood at seven directors. All directors are equally accountable as per law to the shareholders for the proper conduct of the business.
The Company’s board currently comprises the Chairman, Vice-Chairman and other five directors. Other five directors are nominated by Beximco Holdings Limited. The name of the directors appears on page 3. The quorum for the board is at least three directors present in person.

Going Concern
After making enquires, the directors, at the time of approving the financial statements, have determined that there is reasonable expectation that the Company have adequate resources to continue operation for the foreseeable future. For this reason, the directors have adopted the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements.

Rights & Relations with Shareholders:

Control rights of shareholders- At annual general meeting, shareholders have rights of participation. They have the right to ask questions on and request from information from the board regarding item on the agenda to the extent necessary to make an informed judgment of the Company’s’ affairs.

Relations with shareholders - The annual general meeting are used as an important opportunity for communication with both institutional and general shareholders. In addition, the Company maintains relations with its shareholders through the corporate affairs secretarial department.
The following information can be addressed through the secretarial department: * Dividend payment enquires. * Dividend mandate instruction. * Loss of share certificate/dividend warrants. * Notification of change of address. * Transfer of shares.

The Board believes that it is important to respond adequately to all the queries of both institutional and general shareholders. At the AGM, the shareholders are offered an opportunity to raise with the board any specific question they have concerning the Company. In addition, meetings are also held between individual directors and institutional shareholders at various times during the year.

Chronology of achievements:

Years | Achievements | 1970 | Became the biggest exporter of non-traditional items. | 1972 | First company to be registered formulation & execution of special trade agreements- signed STA agreement with TCB valued at USD 100 million. | 1974 | Opened branch in London, UK. | 1979 | Started business establishing an affiliate in USA. | 1980 | Throughout handled 5% of country’s export. | 1987 | Recognized by the Government as National Export House. | 1989 | Listed in the Dhaka Stock Exchange Ltd. | 1993 | Received President’s Export Trophy six times. | 2005 | Acquired 100% of Shinepukur Ceramics Ltd. (SPCL) by issue of new shares to SPCL shareholders. | 2008 | Merged with Shinepukur Holdings Limited & Beximco Fisheries Limited. | 2009 | Direct listing of its subsidiary Shinepukur Ceramics Ltd. By selling part of Beximco Ltd’s ownership shares to public through Stock Exchanges in Bangladesh. | Ratio Analysis of Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd. :
Network Capital: Network capital is equal to current assets less current liabilities. Current assets are those assets that are usually converted into cash or used up within one year.
Network Capitals are follows as: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 994024595 | 829972468 | 1295802522 | 259859387 | 4595286251 | | | | | |

One company should have a good amount of network capital. Here it has decreased in almost 16crore and 40lakh in 2005to 2006. Where it has as it has drastically increased in 2007 that is about 46crore 58lakh and 30 thousand. How over it has drastically decreased in 2008 that is about 104crore and again increased in 2009. That is a favorable sign.

Current Ratio: Current ratio indicates the extent to which current liabilities are covered by assets expected to be converted into cash in the near future. Here Current ratios are follows as- 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1.39731986 1.32838713 1.795960727 1.0998679 2.97948825 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Here from 2005 to 2008 is in almost same. But drastically increased in 2009 that is 2.97 which is favorable for company.

Quick Ratio: Quick ratio is a variation of the current ratio. Here quick ratios are as follows as 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 0.35295387 | 0.63422362 | 0.780906819 | 0.4312296 | 2.13304023 |

Here from 2005 to 2008 quick ratio is almost same. But in 2009 it has increased in drastically. This is a favorable sign.

Activity
Account receivable turn over : Account receivable turnover is the number of times account receivable is collected during the year.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 4.65383275 | 6.11933507 | 0.773619533 | 0.7991587 | 0.81271129 | | | | | |

here in 2005 and 2006 A/R turnover is very high but from 2007 to 2009 it is very low. that indicates this years they faced serious problem in collection from customers.
Average Collection period: Average collection period is in how many days the account receivable is received. Here average collection periods are as follows as

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 78.429978 | 59.6470035 | 471.8081491 | 456.73032 | 449.11398 | | | | | |

Here in 2005 to 2006 is quite low but from 2007 to 2009 is very this is an unfavorable sign.
Inventory turn over: Inventory turn over indicate the amount of inventories use in production from inventories. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 4.56131497 | 1.14667728 | 2.152725787 | 1.3462688 | 1.58984807 |

Here inventory is very in 2005 but it drastically decrease in 2006. Then in 2008 and in 2009 it is quite low.
Average Age of inventory: 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 80.020784 | 318.311006 | 169.5524819 | 271.11971 | 229.581685 |

Here in 2005 average age of inventory is about 80 but in 2006 it has increased drastically. Then in 2007 it decreased again. The amount in 2008 and 2009 is quite closer.
Operating Cycle
Total asset turn over Ratio: Total turn over ratio measures the turn over of the firm total assets. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 3.17684061 | 3.2394071 | 3.014359464 | 2.9956706 | 2.80497302 |

Here in every year total assets turn over ratio is almost same.
Leverage
Debt Ratio: The ratio of total debt to total assets. It is a measure of the percentage of funds provided by creditors. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 0.08558621 | 0.02669489 | 0.032344198 | 0.0194069 | 0.19690036 |

Here debt ratio in 2005 is the highest and the debt ratio is almost same in every year.

Debt/ Equity Ratio: Debt /equity ratio is a significant measure of solvency since a high degree of debt in the capital structure may make it difficult for the company to meet interest charges and principles payment at maturity. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 1.60469143 | 1.49844424 | 1.44873426 | 1.4181224 | 1.82734425 |

If Debt/ equity ratio is low then it is a favorable sign for business. Here the rate is almost same in every year.
Times Interest earn Ratio: It is a measurement of the ability of the firm to meet 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2.39638212 | 2.27775083 | 1.795644221 | 3.3359742 | 3.49262978 |

Here the rate is almost same in 2005 and 2006 but it decreased in 2008 significantly
But from 2008 to 2009 it has increased which is a good sign for company.
Gross Profit Margin: The gross profit margin reveals the percentage of each amount left over after the business has paid for its goods. 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 0.46843692 | 0.46756822 | 0.453017402 | 5.0065984 | 0.4728693 |

From 2005 to 2007 it was in consistence position. In 2008 it was in improved position. Than in 2009 it was drastically decrease, which is not good sign for company.

Profit Margin: The ratio of net income to net sales is called the profit margin. It indicates the profitability generated from revenue and hence is an important measure of operating performance. It also provides clues to a company’s pricing cost structure and production efficiency.

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 0.14705694 | 0.1271254 | 0.098155536 | 0.1359897 | 0.12832942 |

From 2005 to 2006 it was in consistence position. In 2007 it was slightly decreased. Than from 2008 to 2009 it was consistence increased position.

Return on Total Assets: Return on Investment (ROI) is a key, but rough, measure of performance. Although ROI shows the extent to which earnings are achieved on the investment made in the business, the actual value is generally somewhat distorted. There are basically two ratios that evaluate the return on investment, one is the return on total assets, and the other is the return on owner’s equity. The return on total assets (ROI) indicates the efficiency with which management has used its available resources to generate income.

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 0.26485609 | 0.39455001 | 0.295876069 | 0.4073802 | 2.80497302 |

Here return on total asset is all most same in every year but in 2009 in was increase drastically. Which is good sign for company.

Return on Common: the return on common equity (ROE) measures the rate of return earned on the common stockholders investment.

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 0.07632238 | 0.08565453 | 0.061724528 | 0.075452 | 0.55414017 |

Here return on common is almost same in 2005 to 2008. Than it was slightly increased in 2009 that means the company is improved in this situation.

Market Value: A final group of ratios relates the firm’s stock price to its earnings return significantly.

Earnings per Share: Earnings per share indicates the amount of earnings for each common share held. When preferred stock is included in the capital structure, net income must be reduced by the preferred dividends to determine the amount applicable to common stock. When preferred stock does not exist, as is the case with the Ratio Company, earnings per share is equal to net income divided by common shares outstanding. Earnings per share is a useful indicator of the operating performance of the company as well as of the dividends that may be expected.

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 6.36 | 4.11 | 2.8 | 3.61 | 4.13 |

It was very high in 2005 than it decrease in 2006 and consistently decrease in 2007 which was in worse condition. However it started to increase from 2008 to 2009 which is a good sign for the company.
Price/Earnings Ratio: some ratios evaluate the enterprise’s relationship with its stockholders. The often quoted price/earnings (P/S) ratio is equal to the market price per share of stock divided by the earnings per share. A high P/E multiple is good because it indicates that the investing public considers the company in a favorable light.

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 9.08805031 | 13.0656934 | 21.03571429 | 46.454294 | 37.7239709 |

From 2005 to 2006 it was increased slightly. But started drastically increased from 2007 to 2009. That means it was in improved position.

Book Value per Share: book value per shares is net assets available to common stockholders divided by shares outstanding, where net assets is stockholder’s equity minus preferred stock. Comparing book value per share with market price per share gives another indication of how investors regard the firm.

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 88.6664087 | 69.4222423 | 65.4339644 | 69.177684 | 71.9626502 |

In 2005 it was highest than it decrease in 2006 and 2007 than it again start to increase but not too much so its bad for the company.

Dividend Yield: the expected dividend by the current price of a share of stock.

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 0.02595156 | 0.02793296 | 0.025466893 | 0.0089445 | 0.00967742 |

It is almost same in 2005 to 2007 than it decrease in 2008 & 2009. So it bad signs for the company.

Dividend Payout:

2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 0.23584906 | 0.3649635 | 0.535714286 | 0.4155125 | 0.36319613 |

In 2005 it was low but it gradually increases. So, it good sign for the company.

Human Resource Department: The team of Human Resources and Compliance department in BEXIMCO consisting of highly qualified and vastly experienced personnel having appropriate training from both home and abroad made the department absolutely equipped with all necessary policies, guidelines, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), Job Descriptions, training materials, Code of Conducts (CoCs) that the continuous development of human resources is also taking place simultaneously throughout each and every section of the company. The company, as invests for recruiting and retaining the qualified human resources, similarly spends a considerable amount of money and efforts after developing the skill levels and efficiencies of the human resources by arranging regular training courses and programs for the employees. A separate training section is also working with necessary logistics and accommodation for providing necessary training for both the workers and officers, which has already earned an envious reputation among the competitors and made us a different among others in regard to the methods and techniques of developing the human resources which contributes in achieving the market share and leadership in the industry. The tangible and intangible benefits and facilities provided to the employees of BEXIMCO including the working conditions, physical infrastructures, accommodations and dormitories, arrangements for leisure and amusements etc. in the Beximco Industrial Park made the company a completely different type of employer acknowledging which the employees are also devoting their whole hearted and sincere efforts for each and every step of the production starting from sorting of cotton up to the shipping of the RMGs. The transparency of management and the broad and open accessibility of employees enable both the parties to maintain a harmonious relationship and to reciprocally remain besides and make them feel a part of the team for the improvements of production in quality and quantity for the ultimate development of the company as well as the division which also increases the aptness of the employee in their work. The Human Resources Department of BEXIMCO disseminates the achievements, recognitions, events & happenings within the company through publishing of Textalk, a monthly newsletter of the company. The Textalk ensures the communications between all concerned including the buyers community that has tremendously been acknowledged as the Spokesperson of the company. Beximco Ltd. gives some facilities for their employees, * Dormitories for the work force and Residential Buildings for the management staff provide housing for the employees and Beximco is the first of our kind in Bangladesh to provide accommodation facilities for their employees. * A production and accommodation facility includes full time supply of safe drinking water, adequate lighting and ventilation facilities. * Free meals, Free transportation, 24-hour medical center, on-site sports and recreational facilities encourage our motivated team to serve our customers full heartedly. * ETI codes according to the Local Law (Bangladesh) are very well practiced in our manufacturing facilities. · Freedom of Association
· Safe Working Conditions
· No Child Labor
· No bonded Labor · Reasonable Working Hours
· No Discrimination
· Regular Employment
· No Harsh Treatment In Harmony with Nature: Beximco believes in sustainable development and gives highest priority to preservation of nature and ecological balance. The entire industry site is harmoniously integrated with the surrounding landscape and the native ecosystem of the area has been delicately preserved. Beximco have Biological Treatment and Energy Conservation Program. State-of-the-art technology has been used in the effluent treatment plant in their dye house for biological treatment of waste. Beximco also use comprehensive energy conservation program. This feeds back all recyclable energy into our various systems, especially for our air-conditioning purpose. Their investment in this program has made us energy efficient and environmentally conscious entity. Feed Back: Here we try to describe about Beximco Bangladesh Limited. We know Beximco group one of the biggest & largest groups of companies in our country. To read our assignment anyone can know about Beximco Group. As a textile engineering student we should to know about Beximco, because Beximco group has the largest textile industry. When we try to know about this company it helps to built-up our textile career. Conclusion: Beximco Bangladesh Ltd. one of the largest group of companies in our country. Beximco Group is supposed to be Bangladesh's largest private sector industrial enterprise. It has targeted the industries the country needs most for progress and improved living standards. Beximco is also focused on those industries, which make the most of Bangladesh's competitive advantages in the international market. Through its ongoing growth, it has created industrial and management capabilities that will serve the country for generations.

Recommendation:

* Without any reference no one can easily enter in Beximco Ltd. * Communication system is very poor in Beximco Security section. * Here in Beximco Ltd. Communication system day by day is updating but production side machine maintenance day by day is decreasing. * Here internal labor politics is high. * Corruption is the main problem for affecting their company goals.

Reference:
Mr. Nazmul Hoque
Executive
Finance & Accounts
Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

Reference links: * www.beximco.com * www.google.com * www.yahoo.com * www.scribd.bd * Beximco Annual Report-2007,2008,2009