...III. Benefits of free-colored Militia in Colonial Mexico Bearing Arms for His Majesty: The Free-Colored Militia in Colonial Mexico. Ben Vinson expresses how New Mexico was known to be white man’s’ land also known as Spanish Land. In the contrary, different races erupted in New Mexico as a result of her occupants. He highlights examples of the races that came to existence in the Spanish land. These races include Pardos, Mulatos and Morenos as well as the whites. In his analysis, Ben comes up with a conclusion that the different races led to discrimination. Ben outlines how the Spanish were forced by circumstances to accept race differences irrespective of their attitude towards the black. Many people elaborate how racial Mexico evolved and the potential effects of the despised race. Ben Vinson III wanted to understand racial differences in the people. He suggested a single mainframe to carry out his study. The suggestion was a...
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...Mexico’s Drug War Drug trafficking has become an increasingly growing problem in the world today. Illegal drug trade is a worldwide black market consisting of production, distribution, packaging, and sale of illegal substances. Although today’s "War on Drugs" is a modern phenomenon, drug problems have been a common problem throughout history. The market for illegal drugs is massive, when we consider the estimated global drug trade value is worth $321 billion (Vulliamy). The most drug trafficking happens on the border between Mexico and the United States. Former Mexican President Felipe Calderon said, “Our neighbor is the largest consumer of drugs in the world. And everybody wants to sell him drugs through our door and our window” (Catholic Online). Mexico is the main foreign supplier of marijuana and a major supplier of methamphetamine to the United States. Mexico is responsible for 90% of drugs that comes from the southern border of the United States. Mexico has been a producer and distributer of illegal drugs for generations; the country now finds itself in a battle with powerful and well-financed drug cartels. The corruption in the Mexico, the trafficking of weapons and the violence has made it possible for cartels to keep operating. Since 2006, when president Calderon declared the war on drug cartels, violence in Mexico has increased dramatically. The country has certainly seen a big rise in drug violence, with cartels fighting for control of major shipment routes. Mexican...
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...Penafiel Introduction When deciding on a beautiful and exciting vacation spot, many people have chosen to visit Mexico and Costa Rica. While visiting these two countries, you will find that the foods and drinks are very similar. If you like Mexican food, it is almost certain that you will enjoy the food in Costa Rica. The good part is you will find that the majority of their dishes is healthy and fat free. Popular food and beverage items Mexican cuisine is very complex. The most popular foods were brought over by the Spanish Conquistadors. The native stables of Mexican Cuisine are corn, beans, chili peppers, tomatoes, squashes, cocoa and vanilla. Their main meal each day typically consists of a soup, a choice of meat with beans, tortillas, and a fruit drink. Many beverages in Mexico also have corn as a base ingredient. A popular hot drink – atole – is corn, flavored fruit, chocolate, and rice. The most popular alcoholic beverages include tequila, beer, pulque (a fermented sap of the Mexican maguey plant) and aguardiente (a 29%-60% alcohol/burning water). Majority of Costa Rican foods encompasses squash, corn, onion, potato, sweet red peppers, rice and beans. Gallo pinto is a classic side dish in Costa Rica combining their most popular foods. It literally translated into “spotted rooster.” It is made of rice (usually white) along with bean (often black). For a little extra, coconut- or milk or grated- is added to mix. Another popular side is ceviche – which is a...
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...immigrants and send foreign aid to Mexico (“Immigration Reform”). While almost everyone in America agrees that immigration reform needs to happen, experts are united in the belief that Donald Trump’s plan is not the best way to do that, and there are several reasons. Donald Trump’s proposal is fight back against the Mexican government....
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...The ancient "Olmec’s" of Mexico and Mesoamerica are one of the most intriguing civilizations of the Americas. In fact, they are the first civilization in Mexico and it was from them that all other civilizations in Mesoamerica followed. There society emerged from around 1200 B.C. to about 400 and they settled in the forests, savannas, and rivers of the Gulf of Mexico. Yet, the theories of the Olmec’s origins strike a controversy that’s baffling between many scholars. Studies done by researchers such as Ivan Van Sertima have presented evidence that identifies the Olmec’s with the Mandé people of West Africa. According to Betty Meggers of the Smithsonian Institution the Olmec civilization originated due to Shang Chinese influences around 1200 BC. The ancient Olmec’s of Mexico and Central America were a fascinating people. Upon the discovery of colossal stone heads in Mexico during the early part of the twentieth Century, there was no doubt that the facial features and hair texture (including cornrows) represented in the colossal Olmec sculpture represented African people. The assertion that the Olmec came from Africa is supported with scientific evidence via genetics, writings, religion, language and archaeology. To elaborate, the Olmec’s were not Indians with "baby faces," or Indians who looked like Blacks. They were Africans no different from Africans found in the Mende regions of West Africa. Studies done by Ivan Van Sertima show that the Olmec’s used the Mende script, a writing...
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...The expeditions of Hernando Cortez to Mexico were motivated by three major desires: to obtain wealth, personal glory, and spread Catholicism, but this was also true for other Conquistadores in their expeditions. Hernando Cortez set out to gain fame for himself by finding untold riches, as well as to convert the newly discovered Indians to Christianity in order to save their souls. Unfortunately, these goals were not completely accomplished, instead of converting the Indians, the majority of them were slaughtered or killed by diseases brought by the European conquerors. Cortez and his army invaded and sacked the Aztec empire and brought back more wealth to the motherland than any other adventurer in the Age of Exploration. When Cortez first viewed the city of Tenochtitlan, his reaction contradicts his actions as it is noted that he called it “the most beautiful city in the world.” After conquering the Aztec Empire it was claimed as a colony of Spain, Tenochtitlan was laid to waste and rebuild by the Spanish and renamed Mexico City, the colony was named New Spain and later Mexico, after Mexica the word used by the Aztecs to denote themselves....
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...state “As far as the Mexicans were concerned, the Texans were privateers on an unauthorized raid and entitled to no consideration as military prisoners of war. They were initially sentenced to death, then ordered on a forced march to Mexico City”. This would seem to be just the beginning of the Texans...
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...Trafficking between the United States and Mexico: The Drug Trafficking Nexus Transnational Crime and Globalization By: Katrina T. Mason May 2, 2008 The United States is quite known for their proactive stances on the “War on Drugs”, “War on Terror”, and “War in Iraq”. Some view them as the international police and others view them as the international fiend, but it is in no doubt that the United States takes a very active stance in fighting what they believe is evil and wrong within the world. This is increasingly true for the evils that occur within its own borders such as the continued drug epidemic, domestic violence, child abuse, poverty, gangs, and prostitution (with the exception of Nevada). Unfortunately though, the United States’ stance on legal activities crossing from their own governance into neighboring states where the activity is illegal is not held with the same level of concern or dedication. A primary example of this double standard can be seen on the Mexican-United States border. This is not in reference to the debris from the giant wall being built on the Mexican border falling to the southern side, the young Americans fleeing across the borders to intoxicate themselves, or even the revolution of McDonalds springing up in towns throughout Mexico; but instead to the small arms and light weapons trafficking continually flowing down from the border states into Mexico causing alarming murder rates, economical...
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...communication between the United States of America and Mexico is how the communication significantly affected foreign policy and international commerce between the two countries. Mexico is a country of intercultural significance and neighbors the United States of America. The United States of America is traditional and within the country, many cultures exist. The work ethic and language, within intercultural communication in Mexico and the United States of America, are similar. The population of the United States exceeds 313 million people and this statistic results in America as the third largest country in the world. The diverse population of the United States is 64 percent Caucasian, 16 percent Hispanic, 13 percent Black, five percent Asian and Pacific Islander, and one percent Native American. One could state that the United States of America consists of a plethora of cultures. The population of Mexico is 113.7 million people and increasing 1.10 percent annually (Huntington, 2005). Mexico’s population is an estimated 60 percent mixture of with indigenous heritage and Spanish. The multiple indigenous groups are approximately 30 percent, and the European ancestry is approximately nine percent. The largest city in Mexico is Mexico City and New York is the largest city in the United States of America. The two cities are over 17 million, another similarity between the two countries (Rosenberg, 2013). The United States of America and Mexico differ in values, patterns in language, beliefs...
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...Macy’s Macy’s zoomed up the list more than any other retailer, increasing its brand value by 62 percent to rank 40, up from 49 last year, according to Interbrand. The retailer’s decision nearly a decade ago to drop all of its regional department store nameplates — from the Bon Marche in Florida to Marshall Field’s in Chicago – and convert them to the Macy’s brand has paid off, despite ample criticism at the time that the stores would lose their local flavor, Interbrand executives told Forbes.com, in an exclusive interview. “It’s truly validated their commitment to a single brand strategy across markets in the U.S.,” said Justin Wartell, managing director of Interbrand Design Forum, Interbrand’s retail arm. In turn, the department store has honed a consistent, “best-in-class, omni-channel” message via its brick-and-mortar stores, e-commerce and mobile sites, firing on all cylinders with compelling merchandising initiatives, trend-right fashions, and by leveraging a roster of brands that appeal to its diverse shopping base — be they Michael Kors orRachael Ray, he said. Also on Forbes: 10 Comeback Brands Of 2013 Amazon The e-commerce pioneer’s brand value soared 46 percent, climbing to secure the number four spot on the list, up from nine in 2012. Amazon continues to “demonstrate an understanding — in an incredibly intimate and specific way – of how consumers buy the products they choose and how [to be] relevant to those customers,” Jez Frampton, global CEO...
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...The state of New Mexico is a very interesting and cultural state. As you can tell by the title,a lot of the culture comes from both Mexico,and the United States of America. Seeing as it is a state in America. So,lets get started on this shall we? Here are some interesting facts about this state,but they are mainly to do with the landscape. It seems that Lakes and Rivers make up only about .002% of the land.Speaking of rivers,did you know the Rio Grande is the longest river in New Mexico,seeing as it runs the entire states length! And seeing as New Mexico is far in the West and very hot and arid,lots of its landscape is vast desert. Another interesting thing about New Mexico is the White Sands National Monument. It may be a dessert but don’t think that it has normal sand. No,instead of sand it is made of small white gleaming gypsum crystals. As well as that,the first atomic bomb was tested on the White Sands testing range....
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...`3 paragraphs for background and context The Reconquista 5th century to 1492 Jan 1 The black legend emerged after Spanish conquest used by enemies to largely discredit the Spanish monarchy claims to the Americas in particular. Ironcally moreover the black legend was based inrooted in the writings done by the Spanish. Espcially a figure whos name is Bartomlme Dailas Casis who was member of Dominican order and was writing in defense of indigouous people and indeed the cause of religion and proptization. He liked all members of churches was driven by political cocerns. Himself in fact had orgiannly been a Reconquista himself who enjoy spoiled of feudal rewards. Spanish interested in colonization. Antonio De Montesinos had a great influence Bartolom. Both of them asserted that the Spanish sovernty rested upon aboriginal people. Also meant their protection and guidance. This would emphasize Spanish brutallty and igore other major factors which wold play a major in the conquest itself. Included indigenous allies. Grandson Ferdenan Isabella asserted that indigenous people cannot be held in slavery and their own governments and recognize apart from Spanish empire. Also considered as wards of Spanish monarchy. Spanish crown stepped in governing any future conquest of indigenous people were to be conducted. This concluded the introduction of The Reconquista requirement. The White legend was able to acquire Christianity and was civilized. Got rid of human sacrifice...
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...war, the Mexican War laid the groundwork for the Civil War and made it inevitable. Although the Mexicans had recognized Texas independence in 1845, they rejected the Lone Star Republic’s claim to the unsettled territory between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande. When the U.S. annexed Texas and assumed its claim to the disputed area, Mexico broke off diplomatic relations and prepared for armed conflict. Just before leaving office in early 1845 President John Tyler, a Virginian seeking to provide a new area into which slavery might expand, secured a joint resolution from Congress annexing Texas to the United States. Upon taking office, President Polk immediately turned to the acquisition of Mexico's northern territories. President Polk sent U.S. troops under the command of General Zachary Taylor to the Rio Grande River in January of 1846. Mexican officials believed that the Texas-Mexico frontier stood one hundred miles to the north, at the Nueces River, and interpreted Polk's move as a deliberate provocation. Mexican troops quickly arrived at the Rio Grande as well, and minor battles broke out between the two forces. Polk argued that "Mexico has invaded our territory and shed American blood upon American soil." Congress quickly provided him with a declaration of war. And thus the Mexican War began. Although the Mexican War would be overshadowed by the Civil War two decades later, it had profound consequences as the size of the United States increased and was also...
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...traffic, both incoming and outgoing. Nowadays, the American government has come up with a large number of strict laws in order to control such transit and prevent undocumented entries, but it has not always been like this. In fact, during World War II and the years beyond that, the American government was in need of immigrants in order to get the economy going and to provide enough labor for the demand. Mexico was a neighbor country with lower wages, therefore an easier task for the government to deal with. The solution was to make a series of laws and political bilateral agreements with Mexico to import workers. But the Mexican Government was expected to lay down certain conditions for its approval of the American plan. Unregulated hiring of its citizens for employment abroad had been prohibited by Article 123 of the Constitution of 1917, which provided that such employment must be validated by local municipal authorities and by the employer’s consular representative, and on the basis of a formal contract, since American government had kicked out over 50,000 immigrants to Mexico due to the great depression. The demands for Mexican farm workers that were rejected by the United States Department of Agriculture and the Department of Justice in 1941 were happily established in the spring of the subsequent year. This program was called Emergency Farm Labor Program, popularly known as the Braceros Program; a name derived from the words “strong arms” in Spanish. Starting during World...
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...coast beyond New Spain, and a route connecting the North Pacific to the North Atlantic -- the non-existent "Straits of Anian". The Cabrillo expedition sailed out of the port of Navidad, near modern day Manzanillo, on June 24, 1542. Accompanying Cabrillo were a crew of sailors, soldiers, Indian and probably black slaves, merchants, a priest, livestock and provisions for two years. Three ships, the flagship San Salvador Built by Cabrillo himself, were under his command. Cabrillo reached "a very good enclosed port" which is now San Diego bay, on September 28, 1542, naming it "San Miguel". He probably anchored his flagship, the San Salvador at Ballast Point on Point Loma's east shore. Six days later, he departed San Diego sailing northward and exploring the uncharted coast line of California. His voyage helped to dispel myths and allowed Spain to proceed with the task of colonizing the expanded Spanish Empire. Cabrillo visited many of the islands along the coast -- Santa Cruz, Catalina and San Clemente, and may have sailed as far north as Oregon. 1543 Cabrillo died January 3, 1543, on San Miguel Island, and may have been buried on Catalina Islands 1602 Sebastian Vizcaíno left Mexico City on March 7, 1602, and arrived in Acapulco on the 19th. His expedition sailed on May 5, 1602 with four vessels, described as two ships (the San Diego and Santo Tomás), a frigate (the Tres Reyes), and a long boat. They reached Cabo San Lucas on June 8, where they were forced to abandon the long boat....
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