...The Black Panther Party was founded in 1966 by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale in Oakland, California. It’s originally name was ‘Black Panther Party for Self-Defense’ and would eventually become the biggest organized revolutionary group by African Americans in history. The purpose for the organized group was to not start a revolutionary war at first, but to protect themselves and community from the violence of police brutality. This would eventually be covered up so people wouldn’t know the real reason why African Americans were acting out of rage and anger, so it portrayed them as wild animals in the jungle. In this paper I will discuss the history and origins of the Black Panther Party, the change that it made to the African American communities,...
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...Robert Sanders English 2342 (MW 11:302:00pm) Professor C. Robinson Research Essay “The key to successful leadership today is influence, not authority” (Ken 1). A management technique used by Ken Blanchard that is very much relevant in more aspects of management. By definition, management is the process of dealing with or controlling things or people. Meaning influence, the power to have an effect on something or someone, could be considered a management strategy. In the black community, leadership is often based off who's influencing the community rather than the authorities. This can be seen in large movements like The Black Power Movement, where those who were influencing and leading the black community, were fighting against the authority. This movement was widely supported during its time. However, how can one be sure if this method can be effective in terms of delivering a message, and promoting the movement? Since these movements are put in place to create change, it is reasonable to base the success of a movement off its impact on today's society. The methods used in the fight for social equality for those lacking political power and cultural institutions, popularized by The Black Power Movement, has been adopted and implemented by today’s hiphop artist like Sean Combs, stage name Diddy; allowing the battle to be fought in a time where unity has become dwarfed by individuality. With black being the absence of hue and brightness, and bright being defined as ...
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...African American's Journey Essay Below is a free essay on "African American's Journey" from Anti Essays, your source for free research papers, essays, and term paper examples. “African American’s Journey to Freedom” Charity Johnson HIS204: American History since 1865 Instructor: Leslie Ruff February 11, 2013 “African American’s Journey to Freedom” To some African Americans it may seem ironic that The United States of America is known as “the land of the free” considering that majority of their ancestors entered the US as slaves. African Americans were brought to North America via the middle passage which originated during the fifteenth century. They were enslaved for approximately 400 hundred years until the end of the Civil War in 1865. Although African Americans were enslaved in America, they were determine to survive and one day be freed in this great country. During The African American’s journey to freedom several significant events took place which was inclusive of but not limited to: The Civil Rights Movement of 1865-1877, Separate but Equal Legislation (Plessy vs. Ferguson court case) in 1896, The Harlem Renaissance of 1920, Brown vs. Board of Education in 1954, The March on Washington Movement of 1963, and The Black Power Movement of the late 1960s and 1970. I will discuss the significance of these events in relation to the African American journey to freedom and how they have help shape American society today. THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT OF 1865-1877 Frequently when...
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...Affirmative Action Jackie Carter COM/220 May 18, 2011 Staci Weaver CheckPoint - Introduction and Conclusion Are affirmative action policies and programs still necessary in this day and age, even if it creates reverse discrimination? One of the country’s top debated issues is affirmative action. Affirmative Action came about when President John F. Kennedy signed Executive Order 10925 that created the President’s Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity whose purpose was to ensure all employees are treated fairly, without regard to race, creed, color, or national origin (Elliott & Ewoh, 2000). Since its inception, Affirmative Action program and policies have taken on a life of their own. Affirmative action is a term that refers to mandatory and voluntary programs intended to affirm the civil rights of designated classes of individuals. Affirmative action or Executive Order 11246 (EO11246) was created, after the civil rights movement, by the federal courts to ensure companies were not using discriminatory hiring practices. Affirmative action is similar but different from equal opportunity. Equal opportunity is an attempt to avoid discrimination by applying the performance related criteria to all applicants, in other words, each individual should be given the same treatment as all other individuals. Unequal treatment of minority groups is considered discriminatory and illegal. This process ignores the past history of discrimination of an employer and also...
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...Selecting a strong research paper topic often daunts students. The key to writing a good research paper is finding a topic that interests you and focusing your research on a specific question. Social studies research encompasses the fields of history, sociology, political science, religion, psychology, civics and anthropology. Extend previous research in these areas by asking a new question or exploring a social issue. Other People Are Reading  Topics for Qualitative Research  A List of Research Paper Topics  1.Civil Rights ◦The civil rights movement was at its peak in the 1960s, ultimately resulting in laws abolishing discriminatory hiring and education practices. Possible research paper topics may focus on the role of individuals or groups that affected the outcome of the movement. The contributions of Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, the Black Panther Party, the Weathermen, the Brown Berets or Jesse Jackson to civil rights demonstrations and legislation may be appropriate paper topics. 2.Cultural History ◦Social studies classes often explore the contributions of certain cultures in history. Focus on Native American culture by writing about the Trail of Tears, Paleoindian tool development, cooperation between colonists and Native Americans, the effects of the reservation system or Native American participation in the U.S. military. Other possible social studies papers may focus on Mayan culture, scientific advances in early Islamic cultures, the creation of...
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...Black Feminism Michelle Smith African American History Winter Quarter 2010 Purdue University Instructor: Professor Wilkens Introduction When the Black Feminist movement was developed, it was a revolution for black women. It gave them power, liberation, and a voice to overcome the emasculating efforts of white male power (Harrold, Hine, and Hine, 2009). When I first began this research, I discovered that Black Feminism is too broad of a topic to elaborate on as a whole. This paper defines the term “Black Feminism. It will explore two published articles that report on the theory and practice of how black feminism is making waves and what role of education in the development of the Black Feminist Thought from 1860 to 1920. This paper will examine when the National Black Feminist Organization was founded and lastly, how two outstanding women who made an impact in the Black Feminist Movement. According to Encyclo (n.d.) online encyclopedia the definition of black feminism is “A strand of feminist thought which highlights the multiple disadvantages of gender, class and race that shape the experiences of nonwhite women. Black feminists reject the idea of a single unified gender oppression that is experienced evenly by all women, and argue that early feminist analysis reflected the specific concerns of white, middle-class women.” In other words, black feminist argue that the liberation of black women entails freedom for all people since it would require the end of...
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...racism and the implications that came along with being black. Her high school and college years were filled with many accomplishments. In high school Davis got the opportunity to study at Elizabeth Irwin High School in New York City where she gained an interest in both socialist and communist philosophies. Davis's scholastic achievements earned her a scholarship to Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts. After graduating she became joined the Black Panthers, the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and Ron Karenga's US-Organization. In 1968 she became a member of the Communist Party. (Encyclopedia of World Biography) Angela Davis life took a tragic turn for the worse when she became a public figure for being on the Federal Bureau of Investigation "most wanted Oats 2 criminals" list. On August 7, 1970 Davis was tied to a murder of four individuals who had been gunned down in a Marin County Hall of Justice Courtroom. The guns used in the crime were registered in Davis’s name. According to Davis became only the third woman in history to appear on the FBI's “Top Ten Most Wanted List”. Davis went into hiding for two months but then was arrested and charged with aggravated kidnapping and first-degree murder. After spending sixteen months in jail, Davis went to trial and was acquitted of all charges. In an attempt to get her life back together while still doing what she loved, Davis taught black philosophy and women's...
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...Free sample research paper on Discrimination: Discrimination – “a positive or negative attitude toward an individual based on his or her membership in a religious, racial, ethnic, political, or other groups”. (Webster’s New Word Dictionary). Discrimination is still among our nation and our world today. Many people would argue this accusation, but the fact is that if discrimination was not still present then why are there laws still banning it? Discrimination can be viewed as favorable or unfavorable, depending if a certain party receives favors or opportunities, or that party is denied these favors or opportunities. Discrimination is not just among races or ethnic groups, it is among different genders, religions, preferences in partners, and different economic qualities. The people of the world today argue about discrimination all the time. Why is it still among us? Why do people still rant and rave about it? What can be done? Why don’t we just let it be? These are the questions that people ask all the time. But, in fact, none of these questions are ever solved because of the beliefs of society. Society has put discrimination into stereotyping and many other different forms, but the point is that discrimination is here to stay and most likely will never leave. Affirmative Action is used for a diversity in the workplace or university so that discrimination can not be apart of the work environment. But, this is not the case. If discrimination was not among us than why is Affirmative...
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...Jarrett Rowland English 108 “Research Essay 2 RD” MWSU-Dr. Heard 15 November 2010 Missouri Mountain Lions Return: Can the State Support A Breeding Population? One hot wildlife question being debated in coffee shops, sporting goods stores, and Internet chat sites across Missouri goes something like this: “Do we have mountain lions here or not?” The short answer is yes, sometimes. But we have far fewer than rumors would lead you to believe. What we do not have is any evidence of a viable, breeding population of mountain lions in Missouri. As a result, the Missouri Department of Conservation has changed the state classification of the species from endangered to extirpated. An extirpated species is one that is considered extinct as a viable breeding population from a portion of its historical range. The Conservation Commission has determined that, based on considerations of human safety and risk to livestock, it is undesirable to have a breeding population of mountain lions in Missouri. Therefore, the Department of Conservation will not encourage the species to reestablish itself in the state. Despite rumors, the Department has never stocked mountain lions and will not do so in the future. Although mountain lions, sometimes called cougars, pumas, panthers or catamounts, were common in Missouri and elsewhere in the Midwest prior to European settlement, they were eradicated during the 19th century. As the countryside was settled and developed, the large predators were shot....
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...in a Mass Struggle Dr. Mark Allen Organizational Behavior/Leadership (MBA-552) Harkaran Singh Hara & Aras Azarbay 08 Fall 08 Fall Abstract The paper examines the myths associated with the life and leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr. during the African-American Civil Rights movements of 1950s and 1960s and scrutinizes King’s depiction by the mass media as the sole significant leader of the struggle. It also examines the charismatic label associated with King’s name, his exceptional oratory skills and also his weaknesses as leader. The paper further discusses the contributions of King towards the civil rights struggle and also suggests us not to forget the contributions of leaders to the movement and the social factors which led to King’s rise. It also suggests some lessons we can learn from King’s life and relates his beliefs and methods to various scholarly works. Finally, it reflects upon the role of charismatic leadership and how it relates with transformational leadership styles in today’s business environment. About the Author This article which was originally published in the Journal of American History, 1987 is written by Dr. Clayborne Carson, who is a professor of American History at the Stanford University and is also the founding director of the Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute at Stanford University. Dr. Carson obtained his B.A. (1967), M.A. (1971) and Ph.D. (1975) degrees from University of California, Los Angeles...
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...see all of our imperfections. How can we say that all men are created equally in our Constitution when in the south, African-Americans were treated as second-class citizens? We had no rights and contrary to what was stated in our Constitution, we definitely weren’t freed. As a researcher and student, you cannot research this period of time without perusing the countless articles, news reels, pictures, and the written accounts given by people who actually participated in the marches and sit-ins. My research led me to numerous articles and videos of events that occurred during this time period. My heart ached as I watch people of all color being hosed down and attacked by dogs. I cried at the images of seeing young black men swinging from tree branches as onlookers stood there laughing and pointing at these “Strange Fruits”. I wondered what their crime was and why the crowd felt that it was okay for them to be punished in this way. I wondered if those people that witnessed or even participated in these lynching felt any remorse. Did those images of those swinging bodies haunt their dreams as often as they haunt mines today? Although I was task to only research the music during this era, I could not help but feel myself being drawn to the underlying history of this...
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...Control theories make a little more sense to me. Reckless' containment theory says there are predispositions that make people commit crimes. He uses the terms pushes and pulls. Pushes can come from troubled psyches, or stressful circumstances outside the individual, whereas pulls can be from family, friends, etc. His point is however that these pushes and pulls are not evenly distributed between society. He recognizes these pushes and pulls but says there is more needed to completely explain. Not all youths in socially disorganized areas that are exposed to these pushes or pulls commit crimes. Hence the factor of control. He studied inner and outer containement. Inner involves a strong conscience, conventional beliefs, commitment to goals, etc. Outer containment is an array of forces that limit exposure to criminal pushes and pulls. I like this theory a lot. I think it's hard to test, because we're talking about a lot of inner questions like morals and goals. He recognizes the "pushes and pulls which can explain a lot of crime, but not all. Then he factors in these containment factors which push the theory further. I think it's very valid and important to study these types of factors, but at the same time I think it's hard to study it. All in all, I like this theory and I think it makes a lot of sense. Hirschi's a bit different with the social bond theory. He didn't attempt to explain why individuals engage in criminal acts, but rather why individuals choose to conform to conventional...
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...STUDY ON ANIMALS FOR “INTERNSHIP TRANING” AT ARINGNAR ANNA ZOOLOGICAL PARK HUSBANDARY PRACTICES OF MAMMALS IN CAPTIVITY 6-5-11 FRIDAY PREPARE FOR SCHEDULE 7-5-11 : OBSERVE THE ENCLOSURES OF ANIMALS 8-5-11 : CAPTURE THE ANIMALS 9-5-11 : LION 10-5-11: INDIAN GAUR 11-5-11: WILD DOG 12-5-11: SLOTH BEAR 13-5-11: NOCTURAL ANIMALS 14-5-11: ZEBRA 15-5-11: GIRAFFE 16-5-11: TIGER 18-5-11: ELEPHANT 19-5-11: STORE ROOM 20-5-11: DIET SHEET 7-5-11 Saturday OBSERVE THE ENCLOSURE OF ANIMALS Second day we observed the enclosures of mammals. In these zoo there are two kinds of moats. One is dry moat and another one s wet moat. i)DRY MOAT – This kind of moat is hollow type because the animals cannot escape easily. They are afraid to jump or cross the moat. So it will be safe and another aim is for to prevent the public visitors from animals. The hollow depth is depends upon the animals. ii)WET MOAT – This kind of moat is filled with waters. Because some animals are afraid for waters. This type of moat is mostly suitable for primates. It looks like an island. There are three kinds of enclosures: i)Public, ii)Zoo handling...
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...music from the early 1960s to the present with such artists as Joan Baez, the Rolling Stones, Marvin Gaye, Public Enemy, and Rage Against the Machine. 11am-12:20pm in the Fireside Room: “The New Native Intellectualism: Social Media, Social Justice and Native American Studies” by Cutcha Risling Baldy Cutcha Risling Baldy (Hupa, Karuk, Yurok) is an instructor and PhD candidate in Native American Studies. Her research is interdisciplinary (feminist and literary theory, politics and California Indian theory and methodology). Author of “Why We Gather: traditional gathering in native Northwest California and the future of bio-cultural sovereignty” and numerous related publications. Her dissertation (translated) is “To Grow Old in a Good Way” is about the revitalization of the Hupa Women’s Coming of Age Ceremony. Ms. Risling Baldy founded the Native Women’s Collective. 12:30-1:50pm in the Fireside Room: “Louder than Words” by Billy X Jennings Join Billy X Jennings, the founder of “It’s About Time,” an organization and archive dedicated to preserving the legacy of the Black Panther Party and editor of a newsletter by the same name, as he presents the “Louder Than Words” art exhibit of thirty 11”x17” prints of artwork created by various Bay Area artists, and printed in the BPP Newspaper. Included in the presentation will also be a...
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...Action for America's Black Youth By Carl L. Young An Alternative Plan Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Sociology: Corrections Minnesota State University, Mankato Mankato, Minnesota Spring 2013 Final Draft 4/20/2013 1 This Alternative Plan Paper has been examined and approved by the following members of the Examining Committee. _____________________ Dr. Leah Rogne, Advisor _____________________ Dr. William Wagner _____________________ Dr. Penny Jo Rosenthal _____________________ Dr. Nadarajan Sethuraju ________________ Date 2 Abstract This alternative plan paper examines the circumstances that have evolved as a result of the Reagan Administration’s War on Drugs and the increase of mass incarceration of the Black community. In the last thirty years, the federal government of the United States of America has engaged in campaign known as the “War on Drugs,” which has involved a variety of policies to stop the production, distribution and sale of illegal narcotics. Hundreds of billions of dollars have been spent in a war that has targeted the most vulnerable in our society, impacting its youth for generations to come. This alternative plan paper addresses the impact of the War on Drugs and the criminal justice policies that have impacted the life chances of Black youth nationwide and calls for a new social movement, introducing a 21st century Black Youth Manifesto to ask the youth of the Black community to pick up...
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