...Undergraduate Research and Innovation Student Grant Proposal (Deadline: Moodle: September 27 at 11.50 PM; Revised Version October 1, 2014; to Ms Talina Knox at talina.n.knox@njit.edu; Maximum 3 pages;) BraillePad Student Name Major Academic Standing Email _Lynda Nwankwo___ _Information __ ___Junior_____________ lnn2@njit.edu_ ________________________ _Systems _______ _________________________ ________________ ________________________ __________________ _________________________ ________________ ________________________ __________________ _________________________ ________________ Advisor Name and Department: Douglas Zytko, Information Systems_________ A. Problem Statement (What problem are you trying to address through research or product development?): As of 2012 there were 285 million visually impaired people in the world, of which 246 million had low vision and 39 million were blind. The majority of people with poor vision are in the developing world and are over the age of 50 years. There are 20.6 million people in America who are blind. It’s no secret that the internet has made the world a much smaller place. From the chat rooms and forums of the early 90’s to the major social media networks of today, the internet has helped bring people of all backgrounds and interests together to form communities. While this type of connectivity can be life-changing for people of all walks of life, it is especially useful for visually impaired...
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...˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝˝ 2013 Yearbook of Jehovah’s Witnesses CONTENTS 2013 Yeartext A Letter From the Governing Body Highlights of the Past Year Preaching and Teaching Earth Wide Myanmar One Hundred Years Ago—1913 Grand Totals 2 4 9 ...
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...pointing straight up while the other is positing out towards the right. You follow these hands and reach to what they're pointing at, dots. You feel these dots and you immediately knows what it means. It's three o'clock. You're blind and what you were feeling was a Braille clock. The thuds were there to inform you to check the time. Those who were blind, were often left behind. They would almost never be as successful as those who could see. This was true, until the invention of Braille, which gave a light of hope to those who were blind. a 15 year old Louis Braille from Coupvray, France, liberated them from the world of darkness. Braille, which was invented by a 15 year old Louis Braille from Coupvray, France, is a form of writing using an array of six small and large dots. It has become a writing system for those who are blind. Since the invention of Braille, thousands of books have been translated using the system to give the blind the same experience. A girl named Helen Keller, who was both blind and deaf, learned Braille and was finally able to communicate with people outside her family. She told the world of her life, of her thoughts and feelings. She became an inspiration to millions of people, and without Braille, she might still be trapped with in the walls of darkness. In 1998 through 1999, there were approximately 55,200 legally blind children in the United States. Tens of thousands of children who before never had a chance to read and experience the wonders of reading...
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...Faith is the very sum and substance of life. Without faith, human beings cannot achieve anything. If we observe all the greatest Endeavour’s carried out in this world, we find that behind them faith was the sole-driving force, without which everything is impossible. A person can set a goal for himself, only if he has faith that ultimately he will achieve the goal. Thus, faith forms the foundation of every new achievement, every new invention and every new discovery and every new victory. There is a co-relation between faith and achievement. Faith cannot be imposed upon anyone. It comes from deep inside one’s heart. It cannot be measured. The quantity of faith possessed by you depends upon how positive your approach towards life is. Without faith, motivation for the achievement of goal is completely lost and the person ends up becoming a failure in his life. If we observe the reasons behind the failure of any person, we find that one of the main factors responsible for his failure is lack of faith. Faith is the only power that inspires a human being in despair. But if a person loses faith during the period of struggle, he gives up hope for any success and succumbs to the unfavorable situations. So, an individual without faith is as good as a dead person. His life is just like a deflated balloon. So, we can truly conclude that faith is the foundation stone of any project that is undertaken with a will to complete. It is that driving force which enlightens the candle of hope by...
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...A01 (a)-COMMUNICATION Communication is a major part in health and social care settings as working with people involves interaction, it is so vital as it entitles people to exchange thought through communication , allows problem solving, establishing relationships, speech, connecting with one another, signals or clarifying issues. There are four main types of communication, oral, written, computerised and special communication which are used in care settings. I am going to explain in great detail the different types of communication in the nursery and GP care settings and explain the purpose of each type of communication. Oral communication involves using words and sentences such as having a meaningful conversation. In oral communication speaking is required and is pivotal for clarifying issues or to build trust. Care workers need to have highly developed social skills in order to work with a wide range of emotional needs that service users will have in a nursery or GP practice. Workers in the nursery or GP practise will have to use face to face and oral communication together with a range of body language messages to help with the verbal communication so therefore it is understood by people. In the nursery care setting oral communication is the most effective and the most easiest way of communication as the child is only from 0-5 years of age, and so writing instructions to them is of no use as a child won’t be capable of reading it and therefore will not understand it. Oral...
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...Braille is a tactile writing system used by the blind and the visually impaired, and found in books, on menus, signs, elevator buttons, and currency. Braille users can read computer screens and other electronic supports thanks to refreshable Braille displays. They can write Braille with a slate and stylus or type it on a Braille writer, such as a portable Braille note-taker, or on a computer that prints with a Braille embosser. Braille is named after its creator, Frenchman Louis Braille, who went blind following a childhood accident. At the age of 15, Braille developed his code for the French alphabet in 1824 as an improvement on night writing. He published his system, which subsequently included musical notation, in 1829. The second revision, published in 1837, was the first digital (binary) form of writing. Braille's system was accepted and used by his fellow students, but wider acceptance was slow in coming. The system was not officially adopted by the school in Paris until 1854, two years after Braille's death. A universal Braille code for the English-speaking world was not adopted until 1932, when representatives from agencies for the blind in Great Britain and the United States met in London and agreed upon a system known as Standard English Braille, grade 2. In 1957 Anglo-American experts again met in London to further improve the system. Although Louis Braille was encouraged in his research, and remained secure in his own mind as to the value of his work, his system...
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...Alphabetic Index and Tabular List Memo Isaak, Shiboyan 201 1/30/2016 HCR Alphabetic Index and Tabular List Memo In this summary I will like to illustrate to very important topics which are “Tabular index & Tabular list memo”. This two will be mentioned and discussed with detail of their foundation and what they mean. I also like to state the fact on what problems might occur if proper coding is not used by those who are in charge of it. The ICD-10 is split into alphabetic index & tabular list. Alphabetic index’s which provides an index’s of disease descriptions in alphabetical list of terms and their corresponding codes. The alphabetic index’s consists of parts which are: indexes of disease & injury, external causes of injury, table of drugs, table of neoplasms & chemicals. The tabular list is a structured list of codes divided into chapters based on conditions & body systems. Tabular list consists of categories, subcategories and codes and when many times a specified code is not available for a condition then it is put through tabular list for the code to be specified. Tabular list descriptions are listed in more than one manner as well as made up of 21 chapters of disease, description and their codes. The first part Alphabetic index’s use and purpose is to organize the list of indexes of disease descriptions in alphabetical list of terms and their corresponding codes plus helps the medical staff member better locate the description matching the code...
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...Then I will give only partial information, such as allowing our knowledge. Others around us will take the part for the whole and complete, and will conclude that they have betrayed everything we want and that the limits of our world. Boundaries of our world are not only our knowledge of a language, but for different languages. On our planet there are very different to each other languages and cultures. As we meet someone with whom we have a common language, then we can not understand it, nor did he understand us. But you are blind and deaf people, some of whom can not learn spoken language, does this mean that they will never be able to know the world and to convey their opinions? The answer is no, because languages are spoken only: braille letters enable the blind to explore the world, a zhestomimikata helps the deaf to communicate with others. Despite what factors determine the limits of our language, they limit our world from the perspective of others - for them that our world is part of the feeling that we can give them, large or...
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...Apple tablet which is produces tablets and iPad phones for the blind people Samsung note produces smartphones for the blind people where they can manage contacts, using speech input to send text messages and tag previous routes or hazards using navigation apps Laptops off-the-shelf laptop computers equipped with screen-access technology or specialized devices for the blind, often referred to as notetakers or personal data assistants Audio books which is play on special playback equipment Special gadgets such as B-Touch Mobile Phones, Braille Rubik Cube, Safe and Sanitary Mug, The Eye Stick – Walking Stick that Sees, Tactile Flash Cards for Learning, Feel the Time, Sign Language Voice Translator, Navigation Bracelet, Touch Color Painting Tablet, Color Sensor Helps See with Sound, Braille Polaroid Camera and others. Setting advertisement budget. What should be the infomercial and how to script the advertising message? What should contain advertising communication that it has worked most effectively increase sales? Design advertisement and product packaging …..Advertising Design - this is the beginning of its creation, the first stone. Certainly one of the important and crucial moments because of the appearance, layout, colors, and other nuances of the design depends on how many responses to ad your company. And as for the product packaging the seller tells the buyer about the benefits of the product, status, recognition in the category, as well as enhancing loyalty and...
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...Then I will give only partial information, such as allowing our knowledge. Others around us will take the part for the whole and complete, and will conclude that they have betrayed everything we want and that the limits of our world. Boundaries of our world are not only our knowledge of a language, but for different languages. On our planet there are very different to each other languages and cultures. As we meet someone with whom we have a common language, then we can not understand it, nor did he understand us. But you are blind and deaf people, some of whom can not learn spoken language, does this mean that they will never be able to know the world and to convey their opinions? The answer is no, because languages are spoken only: braille letters enable the blind to explore the world, a zhestomimikata helps the deaf to communicate with others. Despite what factors determine the limits of our language, they limit our world from the perspective of others - for them that our world is part of the feeling that we can give them, large or...
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...What is an interesting book you think everybody should read? Without a doubt whatsoever, among the literature there must be lots of amazing books, those of poetry, those of drama, those romances, why not those fairy tales, but If I have to choose one and suggest it to someone else I would recommend “Blindness” (ensayo sobre la ceguera) by José Saramago. I think this is such an interesting book because of the history which is described and also the message that author tries to give us. First of all the story relate an unexplained mass epidemic of blindness afflicting nearly everyone in an unnamed city, and the social breakdown that swiftly follow. The novel follows the misfortunes of a handful of characters that are among the first to be stricken. Then it tells the experiences they have had into an overcrowded asylum where they and other blind people have been quarantined. Hygiene, living conditions, and morale degrade horrifically in a very short period, mirroring the society outside. The novel criticizes and unmasks the corrupt and nasty society in which we are living thus the message that it try to give us is that we have to realize how selfish we are and in a bad situation of that dimension we will lose control and also the sense of humanity. It shows us that we are not able to hold troubles, and that we are going to lose our minds and we will become animals, because of the absence of common sense. Humanity is getting worse; we are becoming so selfish we are...
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...issue. The Problem with Paper Money In countries such as the U.S., all denominations of money have similar sizes. This makes it very difficult for blind people to distinguish one denomination from another. Solutions Done By Governments Governments have devised a way to help the blind tell apart different money denominations. In countries such as Australia and Malaysia, each denomination of money has a distinct width and length. Along with this, blind people can use a small card device to quickly measure and distinguish money. Meanwhile, a more specific approach has been done by the Canadian government. In Canada, money is being produced such that there are Braille dots in the bills that represent a specific denomination. Blind people can in turn find the corner containing the Braille dots and read them to know the amount they are holding. Solutions Done By Blind People The above steps made by governments can be very helpful, but as we have seen, not all countries have implemented such solutions. So, here are the possible ways which blind people themselves can do to identify money. Folding Money Blind people can fold a denomination of money in a particular way. For instance, a $1 bill can be left unfolded. A $5 bill can be folded crosswise. A $10 bill can be folded lengthwise. For...
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...“Blindness”, originally written in Portuguese by a well-known author named José Saramago, is a novel that tells the story of a sudden epidemic of blindness by which nearly all the citzens of an unnamed city were effected. It is an interesting and breathtaking story that envolves the reader in a way that makes it almost impossible to stop reading it, because you can’t wait to find out how it ends. In the beginning of the novel, the author describes the events in which the main characters went blind. The first one was a man who was driving his car in very chaotic traffiic and then, unexpectedly is caught by the blindness that is not yet seen as an epidemic. As many people start losing their sight, the government decides in an attempt to contain the apparent cotagion, to take extremely repressive measures quarantining all the blind people in an asylum which quickly becomes overcrowded. Those who were quarantined were forced to stay in filthy and inhumane conditions while they struggled to survive. Avid readers will, in many cases, say that when a book is adapted into a movie, it becomes an oversimplified version of the original and leaves behind many important facts that cause the story to be interestingly overwhelming. I partially agree with this sort of opinion, however, the film version of the book was also a fantastic production. The book and the movie can be seen through different perspectives. The book allows you to let your imagination flow and create alongside the author...
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...Teaching Computer Skills To Children with Visual Impairments: A Concept-Based Approach | [Graphic. Three color photos are standing side-by-side. In the first, a young teen-age boy is typing on a computer keyboard and smiling. In the second, a man is sitting in front of a computer reading using his refreshable braille display. In the third, three children are in a computer lab. All three have headphones. One is looking at the screen and one is listening to the output. (The face of the third child is blocked by the head of the second). End of graphic description]Joanmarie Diggs, M.Ed.The Carroll Center for the Blind 2002 AER International Conference 20 July 2002We know….The world is made up of objects whose function and form dictate how we access and use these objects. Children who are blind or visually impaired need concrete, hands-on experiences so that they can understand the world around them and can independently and safely interact with the objects they encounter.Similarly….The Windows Operating System is made up of objects whose function and form dictate how we access and use these objects. As with accessing objects in the environment, people who are sighted have visual information about the form and function of Windows objects and controls. In addition, a mouse user can access all windows controls in the same way: clicking on them. Children who are blind or visually impaired need to understand the form and function of these objects and controls so that they can independently...
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...Questions: 1. Use a table to identify the software products sited above that fall within the following categories of software: a. System software • An operating system built up to control and operate the hardware system • Low -level software – manage computer resources at low level • Running application software • CRM • Ie. Linkers, loaders, compilers, b. General purpose software • Allowing users to accomplish simple computer related tasks • Word processing software • Internet explore c. Application specific software • For an end user • Document and management system • Ie. Database system, communications, games, operating system 2. Use a second table to identify and explain the various elements in the total cost of software ownership and then list the steps taken by the CIO to limit the firm’s software TCO expenditures. Elements in the total cost of software ownership: Software and Hardware upgrades Specific time for IT people renew their hardware and software. For example, the company was using windows 6, they might seek for a better system, thus, they purchase windows 7. Training Hiring MIS or IT personnel Training employees with their technology Sale Price Original price, licensing Steps: CIO to limit the firm’s software TCO expenditures: (Development) Estimating -> Collecting -> Analyzing -> innovating (Procurement )> Training -> Established Estimate scope and establish...
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