...Knowledge and Conformance of Delivery Room Staff on Essential Newborn Care Protocol A Thesis Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of University of the Visayas Cebu City, Philippines In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts in Nursing Major in Maternal and Child Health Nursing by MAY PRINCES T. ABUCEJO, RN August, 2012 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE INTRODUCTION Rationale of the Study The Child Survival Strategy published by the Department of Health has emphasized the need to strengthen health services of children throughout the stages. The neonatal period has been identified as one of the most crucial phases in the survival and development of the child. The Millennium Development Goal Number four (4) of reducing under five child mortality can be achieved by the Philippines, however, if the neonatal mortality rates are not addressed from its non-moving trend of decline, MDG 4 might not be achieved (http://www.doh.gov.ph/node/2664). Based on health statistics, the Philippines is one of the 42 countries that account for 90% of under-five mortality worldwide. Eighty two thousand (82,000) Filipino children under five years old die every year. Thirty seven percent (37%) or 40,000 of them are newborn. Majority of them (3/4) die within the first two days of life, mostly from preventable causes. The high mortality and morbidity rates in newborn are directly related to inappropriate hospital and community practices...
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...Thesis statement: Research shows that breastfeeding is the best choice over formula because breastfeeding provides the infant with essential nutrients, helps with recovery from childbirth, and protects the infant against a number of chronic conditions. Annotated bibliography Baumgartel, K. L., & Spatz, D. L. (2013). WIC (The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children): Policy versus practice regarding breastfeeding. Nursing Outlook, 61(6). 10.1016/j.outlook.2013.05.010 This article addresses the discrepancy of policy versus practice in the government subsidized program WIC. This article shows how even though the program is meant to support at risk mothers in breastfeeding, the numbers prove that a majority of their budget is spent on formula expenses. Very little of the budget is actually allocated to breastfeeding initiatives. The American Academy of Nursing members create and execute policy related initiatives to reform the American Health system. The academy has more than 2,400 members and is the established leaders in practice and research. They are advocates in healthcare policy making in Washington DC. This source will be relevant to the research paper because it will provide examples of the lack of funding for education and for initiatives for breastfeeding awareness and support, especially for the at risk population. Gianni, M. L., Roggero, P., Morlacchi, L., Garavaglia, E., & Piemontese, P. (2012)...
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...DOH Breastfeeding TSEK Program 2011 – PRECEDE-PROCEED Analysis Introduction and Program Rationale The protection, promotion, and support of breastfeeding rank among the most effective interventions to improve child’s survival. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that high coverage of optimal breastfeeding practices could avert 13% of the 10.6 million yearly deaths of children five years old and below. Everyday, as many as 4,000 infants and young children die worldwide because they are not breastfed. According to United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), it is because their mothers are not empowered with adequate knowledge about breast-feeding and do not receive enough motivation and support (UNICEF, 1994). Babies, their mothers, their families, their community, their environment, even the economy of the country in which they live, all benefit from breast-feeding (ibid). Realizing the great advantages of breast-feeding and the changing patterns of breast-feeding practice worldwide, the World Health Organization, 1981, recommended that all infants should be “exclusively breastfed for 4 to 6 months of age”(Kaunang, 1999). Moreover, UNICEF(1994) has advocated breast-feeding as one of the strategies for “ Child Survival” and exclusive breast-feeding as a best protective way for infants against infection and malnutrition. Nowadays, promotion of breast-feeding through Family Planning and MCH Programs is increasingly considered to be a public...
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...Feeding your newborn breast or bottle? Byline:Chen liu How you feed your newborn is the first nutrition decision you will make for your child. Medical experts recommend breastfeeding as the best choice for newborns. Specifically, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that babies be breastfed exclusively for about the first 6 months. Following the introduction of solid foods, breastfeeding should continue through the first year of life and beyond, if desired.Breastfeeding may not be possible or preferable for all women. Deciding to breastfeed or bottle feed a baby is usually based on the mother's comfort level with breastfeeding as well as her lifestyle, but breastfeeding may not be recommended for some mothers and babies. If you have any questions about whether to breastfeed, talk to your pediatrician.Remember, your baby's nutritional and emotional needs will be met whether you choose to breastfeed or formula feed. -About Breastfeeding Breastfeeding your newborn has many advantages. Perhaps most important, breast milk is the perfect food for a human baby's digestive system. It contains the vitamins and minerals that a newborn requires, and all of its components — lactose, protein (whey and casein), and fat — are easily digested by a newborn's immature system. Commercial formulas try to imitate breast milk, and come close, but the exact composition cannot be duplicated. Also, breast milk contains antibodies that help protect infants from a wide variety...
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...The findings show that the mother of the newborn is twenty five years old and has no chronic conditions. Her partner is also twenty five years of age, and was diagnosed with Asthma a couple of years ago. The mother of the newborn and her partner are not married but have had three children together including the newborn baby. The newborn baby has two brothers that are healthy. One is two years of age, while the other is eleven months old. The newborn baby also has a brother who is five years old from another relationship that her mother has had. The newborn’s paternal grandmother is forty seven years of age...
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...skin-to-skin contact on breastfeeding self-efficacy of primiparous women: A randomised control trial Karimi Aghdas a, Khadivzadeh Talat b, Bagheri Sepideh c,* a Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery School, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran School of Nursing and Midwifery and Women Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran c School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran b A R T I C L E I N F O Article history: Received 3 July 2013 Received in revised form 25 September 2013 Accepted 26 September 2013 Keywords: Skin-to-skin contact Routine care Breastfeeding self-efficacy BSES Breast feeding initiation A B S T R A C T Objective: To evaluate the effect of mother–infant immediate skin-to-skin contact on primiparous mother’s breastfeeding self-efficacy. Study design: A randomised control trial. Settings: The study was conducted in Omolbanin obstetrics hospital (large tertiary hospital), Mashhad, Iran. Participants: 114 18–35 year-old primiparous, Iranian, healthy and full term mothers who anticipated normal vaginal delivery and intended to breastfeed their babies. Intervention: Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth and then controlling breastfeeding selfefficacy at 28 days postpartum. Main outcome measure: Maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy at 28 days postpartum and success in first breastfeeding and mean time...
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...Western Governors University Breastfeeding: A Declining Choice. A Realistic Solution Breastfeeding is endorsed by many different agencies worldwide. Some of those agencies include: The American Academy of Pediatrics, American Family of Pediatrics, and the American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. All of these agencies agree that breastfeeding should be done for the first twelve months of life. Mothers and babies build unspeakable bonds during breastfeeding. Breastfeeding is one of the most natural things a mother can do, yet it is becoming a declining choice among mothers when it comes to feeding their newborn. When a mother chooses to use formula over breast milk, both she and the baby loose out in many ways, two of the most important being critical nutrition and bonding time. Parents spend what could be considered small fortunes on formula when they could be feeding the babies for free by choosing the breast. A way to address the problem of the decline in mother’s breastfeeding is to provide more education, and to provide more support while beginning to change the public’s opinion on mom’s breastfeeding in public. Typical education on breastfeeding usually comes from two sources. One of those sources is prenatal classes that parents take while they are still pregnant. Breastfeeding is talked about but not in an in-depth or continual way. An example of a typical prenatal class is a four week course. The breastfeeding portion is about fifty-five minutes...
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...Assessing the newborn in the first 5 minute of life is very important to prevent any complication. Apgar scale is widely used when assessing the newborn. This scale evaluates the infant heart rate, refluxes, respiratory rate, and body color and muscle tones. I think this scale is very important to use because it gives us a sign if there is a development issue with the newborn. The health care providers including nurses, doctors, nurse practitioner and midwives, uses the Apgar scale on the first minute and 5 minutes after the delivery, for example an Apgar scale 3 mean the baby is very sick and may die. In addition to this scale if the newborn has low Apgar scale, then the use of the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale is necessary...
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...I would recommend the 23-year-old woman to breastfeed her newborn because there are many benefits for both the mother and the baby. It is said that breast milk is the best nourishing milk for newborns. Breast milk contains many vitamins and minerals that newborns need. Breastfeeding can help the baby against many chronic conditions. For example, it helps lower the risk of the infant from getting ear infections, diarrhea, meningitis, diabetes, and sudden infant death syndrome (“Breastfeeding vs. Formula Feeding,” n.d.). It also protects the baby from having asthma and allergies. Many families have trouble finding a formula for the baby that doesn’t cause constipation, but the breast milk makes it easier for the baby to digest it. On the other...
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...make to that question is one of the first and probably the most significant decisions you will make as a new parent. Breastfeeding takes some time to learn for both you and your infant but is definitely worth the effort and time. Your choice to breast feed your newborn infant will affect his or her whole life, from birth throughout his or her adult life. There is no question that a mother truly wants the best for her children from the time they learn they are expecting their new bundle of joy. Breast milk has the perfect combination of proteins, fats, vitamins, and carbohydrates your infant needs. Breast milk is far more than good food. It is a living fluid that protects your infant from disease and actively contributes to the development of your infant. As mentioned by Arsenault (2011) breast milk not only provides the nutrition your infant needs but it also provides protection by supplying your infant his or her first antibodies and immunities. Breast milk aids in protecting infants against infection and disease. According to the La Leche League International (LLL) (2004) Infant mortality rates are higher among artificially fed infants, even in places where everyone has access to safe water and good medical care. Morbidity rates- how often babies get sick- are also higher among artificially fed infants in both the developed and the developing world. Breastfeeding is critical to infant survival and developing countries, and it plays a significant role in keeping babies health...
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...Breastfeeding in public tends to be controversial. I don’t know about anyone else but I would rather have a calm, breastfeeding baby than a screaming, hungry baby while I’m eating dinner. Many public companies have tried to please their employees by trying to move nursing mothers into restrooms or dressing rooms. I have never seen a public restroom that I would feed a baby in. And I would hate to think a new mother is cooped up inside because she would be afraid that her baby would get hungry while she is gone. Breastfeeding mothers and their babies shouldn’t feel like they are trapped in their house, but every mother should remember that she is feeding her baby and that she is not doing anything wrong. Even though it may seem taboo in some...
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...KANGAROO MOTHER CARE POLICY INTRODUCTION Millions of low birth weight (weight less than 2500gms) infants are born every year, mostly in undeveloped countries. The cause is either impaired preterm growth or premature birth. They commit to a high rate of the newborn death rate. In undeveloped countries, the rate of low birth weight babies is too high and modern technology is not present or there is the absence of skilled staff. Under such conditions, LBW infants are more prone to hospital-acquired infections, hypothermia. However, kangaroo mother care is easy and effective policy to compensate for hypothermia and to protect baby from nosocomial infections. Kangaroo mother care is caring for premature babies include skin to skin contact with...
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...with none other than our children. So why not consider breast milk? Breast milk is the nutrition of choice for human infants (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2005) Breastfeeding can start as soon as the child is born. With the protection of breast milk the overall focus on disease, illness and sickness would be half the battle. Breast milk provides many benefits and the dietary influence it has on disease is too great to be compared to. Being a new mother for the first time can be very stressful in the beginning. There are many things to do before the baby is before. A new mother has to make many choices that will affect the newborn. Many of those choices will be more challenging than others. Some of the decisions the mother and father have to make before the baby is born can include, which hospital will they deliver, who will be the babies physician, what kind of diapers, will the baby sleep with the parents or her own crib. So many decisions to make but one important thing that will have a huge effect on a newborn is feeding. What will the parent’s decide? Formula or Breast milk? I believe that the best choice for feeding a newborn is definitely breast milk because there are many benefits for the baby when it comes to breast-feeding. More new mothers choose to breastfeed because of the benefits it has for the newborn. Hormones in breast milk aid the infants gastrointestinal system to develop more rapidly become less permeable much...
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...Controversy around Newborn Breastfeeding In 2000 BC breastfeeding was a norm and was used as "wet nursing" (Stevens, Patrick & Pickler, 2009). According to Stevens, Patrick & Pickler (2009) Breastfeeding was used as a method of safe infant feeding since bottles or formula use did not exist. Wet nursing was defined as, "a woman who breastfeeds another's child" (Davis, 199 3, p. 2111). Wet nursing was used when "mothers were dying from childbirth or lactation failure" (Stevens, Patrick & Pickler, 2009). Ever since bottle feeding and formula use has been discovered, there has been a lot of controversy around which method is the safest for infants. Years ago, in an article written by Hila Spear, Penny, a young mother who gave birth...
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...It is a well known fact that when a baby is first born it should begin breastfeeding because of all the nutrients the baby needs to growth healthy in the first months of life. Yet, what if breastfeeding was not an option for babies? What about poverty stricken countries where basic nutrients run scarce, and are very rare. It is so essential for a new born to have these nutrients, and breast feeding can be seen as a necessity for babies growing up in a poverty stricken environment. Babies born within an impoverished environment usually lack the basic nutrients to grow and function properly, especially in the crucial years leading up to adolescence. Also, why are more and more women switching to bottled fed from breast fed? Based on an article written by Jacqueline Wolf, “Women initiated the move from breast to bottle as they embraced complex social, cultural, economic, and intellectual change concomitant with urbanization..” (Wolf). Another factor that comes into play is the introduction to baby formula in the 19th century. Also, the change of a woman’s role in society from housewife to the work force could have a lot to do with the fact that women don’t have time to breastfeed. According to Wolf, babies were dying from diarrhea and not even making it to their first birthdays due to the lack of nutrients through milk they were being deprived of. For example babies in Chicago during the late 19th century and early 20th century had a high death rate because of the amount...
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