...Corporate Identity and Corporate Brand Alignment: The Strategic Positioning of British Airways in the 20th Century John M. T. Balmer, Brunel University, Helen Stuart, Australian Catholic University, Stephen A. Greyser, Harvard University. Abstract In this paper we explain the utility of adopting an identity-based view of the corporation using the diagnostic tool of identity management outlined in this article, “The ACID Test”. Using British Airways (BA) as an extensive case history we scrutinize and explicate how BA’s senior executives intuitively adopted an identity-based perspective as part of the strategic management of the carrier. Our analysis is corroborated by insights from the former CEO of British Airways, Lord Marshall, and also draws on our long-time association with his predecessor, Lord King. The overriding message from our work is that calibrating the multiple identities of the corporation is a critical dimension of strategic management. Introduction This article uses Balmer’s latest version of the ACID Test Framework which encompasses the added dimension of the covenanted identity. Previous articles on the framework include Balmer and Gray (2003), Balmer and Greyser (2002) and Balmer (2002). In our view there are six critical identity types that senior executives of modern corporations need to ensure are broadly calibrated with each other. Each is characterised by a distinct identity type, linked to a corporate-level concept that is of fundamental...
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...Change Management in British Airways Name Class Affiliation Instructor Date Table of Contents Introduction 3 Context of the change 3 Evaluation of the nature of such changes 4 The change management strategy 5 The challenges and difficulties in implementing such changes 6 Change management model 8 Stakeholders 10 Managerial challenges 11 Overcoming resistance to change 12 Managing change 12 Conclusion 14 Reference 16 Introduction UK largest international Airline, British Airways, is among the leading airlines in the world, with one of the most extensive route network, running internationally (British Airways, 2010). The income of the airline has been on the increase with the profits for the period between 2007 and 2008 being a total of £8,753, which translated to 3.1% more than the previous period. Throughout its operating years, British Airways has faced different challenges, as it is for all other companies in the industry. During the year 2007, the American economy experienced a crunch due to the bursting of the housing market. This was the beginning part of the 2008 economic crisis, or recession, which had global effects (Åslund, 2010). Like any other industry, the UK airline industry faced a major setback, British Airways being one of the companies and there was a need to implement changes for long company survival. This paper is an analysis of the changes implemented by the British Airways in the period between...
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...Change Management in British Airways Name Class Affiliation Instructor Date Table of Contents Introduction 3 Context of the change 3 Evaluation of the nature of such changes 4 The change management strategy 5 The challenges and difficulties in implementing such changes 6 Change management model 8 Stakeholders 10 Managerial challenges 11 Overcoming resistance to change 12 Managing change 12 Conclusion 14 Reference 16 Introduction UK largest international Airline, British Airways, is among the leading airlines in the world, with one of the most extensive route network, running internationally (British Airways, 2010). The income of the airline has been on the increase with the profits for the period between 2007 and 2008 being a total of £8,753, which translated to 3.1% more than the previous period. Throughout its operating years, British Airways has faced different challenges, as it is for all other companies in the industry. During the year 2007, the American economy experienced a crunch due to the bursting of the housing market. This was the beginning part of the 2008 economic crisis, or recession, which had global effects (Åslund, 2010). Like any other industry, the UK airline industry faced a major setback, British Airways being one of the companies and there was a need to implement changes for long company survival. This paper is an analysis of the changes implemented by the British Airways in the period between 2009 and 2011, and the challenges faced...
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...Change Management in British Airways Name Class Affiliation Instructor Date Table of Contents Introduction 3 Context of the change 3 Evaluation of the nature of such changes 4 The change management strategy 5 The challenges and difficulties in implementing such changes 6 Change management model 8 Stakeholders 10 Managerial challenges 11 Overcoming resistance to change 12 Managing change 12 Conclusion 14 Reference 16 Introduction UK largest international Airline, British Airways, is among the leading airlines in the world, with one of the most extensive route network, running internationally (British Airways, 2010). The income of the airline has been on the increase with the profits for the period between 2007 and 2008 being a total of £8,753, which translated to 3.1% more than the previous period. Throughout its operating years, British Airways has faced different challenges, as it is for all other companies in the industry. During the year 2007, the American economy experienced a crunch due to the bursting of the housing market. This was the beginning part of the 2008 economic crisis, or recession, which had global effects (Åslund, 2010). Like any other industry, the UK airline industry faced a major setback, British Airways being one of the companies and there was a need to implement changes for long company survival. This paper is an analysis of the changes implemented by the British Airways in the period between...
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...future of a company by using the company’s strengthens, and weaknesses, for the efficient management of environmental opportunities and pressure. Strategy implementation is the putting in action of the strategies formulated by a corporation. Lastly, evaluation and control includes the monitoring of corporate activities and performance in order to compare the actual results, to the ones that are set as goals. Strategic management helps a company sustain long-term performance. For companies that do not practice strategic management, it is very hard to attain and to sustain long-term performance. Most companies when they have finally attained a high performance level will soon experience a decrease in their performance. Strategic management will help a company understand, and realize that the environment around them is constantly changing, and evolving. It also helps a company focus on the strategies that are important and beneficial, which altogether helps in building a better understanding of strategies in regards to the corporation. Strategic Management Transportation is known to be an essential tool when it comes to a business, but transportation companies such as British Airways is also corporation that uses strategic...
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...Green Marketing -A case study of British Airways By Daniel Szuster A Master Thesis in Culture, Communication and Globalisation at Aalborg University January 2008 Title: Green Marketing, a case study of British Airways Signs: 133.188 Supervisor: John Hird ----------------- Daniel Szuster Table of Contents Introduction 5 Methodology 7 The Meaning of Green 8 Introduction 10 Theoretical Framework 11 Background Information 13 Theoretical Framework 14 Green Marketing 15 Environmental management 15 Why green marketing? 17 Marketing defined and corporate social responsibility 22 What is Green Marketing? 25 Green marketing strategies 28 Implications for organisations 30 Green Consumerism 34 Consumer behaviour research 35 The green consumer 38 The green buying process 41 Influences on purchase and consumption decisions 47 Global Warming and the Impacts of Climate Change 49 Human caused global warming 49 The impacts of climate change 50 The opposition to human caused global warming 52 Background Information 53 British Airways 54 Past and present 54 Carbon Offsetting 55 Datamonitor’s SWOT analysis 58 The British Green Consumers 59 Perception and Attitudes in Relation to the Environment 59 Information on the environment 62 Solutions to environmental problems 65 SWOT Analysis 67 Strengths 68 Weaknesses 71 ...
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...Green Marketing -A case study of British Airways By Daniel Szuster A Master Thesis in Culture, Communication and Globalisation at Aalborg University January 2008 Title: Green Marketing, a case study of British Airways Signs: 133.188 Supervisor: John Hird ----------------- Daniel Szuster Table of Contents Introduction 5 Methodology 7 The Meaning of Green 8 Introduction 10 Theoretical Framework 11 Background Information 13 Theoretical Framework 14 Green Marketing 15 Environmental management 15 Why green marketing? 17 Marketing defined and corporate social responsibility 22 What is Green Marketing? 25 Green marketing strategies 28 Implications for organisations 30 Green Consumerism 34 Consumer behaviour research 35 The green consumer 38 The green buying process 41 Influences on purchase and consumption decisions 47 Global Warming and the Impacts of Climate Change 49 Human caused global warming 49 The impacts of climate change 50 The opposition to human caused global warming 52 Background Information 53 British Airways 54 Past and present 54 Carbon Offsetting 55 Datamonitor’s SWOT analysis 58 The British Green Consumers 59 Perception and Attitudes in Relation to the Environment 59 Information on the environment 62 Solutions to environmental problems 65 SWOT Analysis 67 Strengths 68 Weaknesses 71 ...
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...future of a corporation by using the corporation’s strengthens, and weaknesses, for the successful handling of ecological opportunities and threats. Strategy implementation is the putting in action of the strategies formulated by a corporation. Lastly, evaluation and control includes the monitoring of corporate activities and performance in order to compare the actual results, to the ones that are set as goals. Strategic management helps a company sustain long-term performance. For companies that do not practice strategic management, it is very hard to attain and to sustain long-term performance. Most companies when they have finally attained a high performance level will soon experience a decrease in their performance. Strategic management will help a company understand, and realize that the environment around them is constantly changing, and evolving. It also helps a company focus on the strategies that are important and beneficial, which altogether helps in building a better understanding of strategies in regards to the corporation. Transportation is known to be an essential tool when it comes to a business, but transportation companies such as British Airways is also corporation that uses strategic management to further its success. One strategy that...
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...ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS Case Analysis – Tale of Two Airlines PROBLEM STATEMENT Neglect and inconsistency in applying standard operational strategies and procedures can make a significant difference in meeting the expectations of passengers, affects passenger loyalty and have potential consequences on the ability of an airline to retain existing customers and attract new ones. In the information technology age “technology is only a small enabling piece of a total service concept.” How can an airline cause information technology, operations strategy, management control, empowered/unempowered work force, and service management to come together to produce customer satisfaction and long term customer loyalty?. In analysing the case, let’s examine some of the issues that were encountered during his travel, the reasons for these issues and what could have been done differently to provide a hassle free travel experience. It is a fair expectation and assumption that when a comparison is made with quality services and the impact of the use of information technology in 1985 versus 1995 there should be a distinct difference due to the era and the stages of advancement in information technology. It is therefore assumed that whatever service was provided in the 1980’s would have been improved ten years later. This leads us to examine: * Was the assumption made by Professor McPherson to think that it was possible for the network between airlines to make it feasible...
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...British Airways Case Study [Name of the writer] [Name of the institution] Table of Contents Abstract iii Introduction 1 1.1 HR strategies for an organisation 1 1.2 Assessment of HR strategies and its application 1 British Airways HR strategies 2 2.1 Contemporary issues affecting SHRM 4 2.2 Analysis of contemporary issues affecting SHRM 5 Impact of the merger on SHRM at British Airways 5 Conclusion 6 References 7 Abstract This report is based on the employee relations at British Airways (BA). It includes four main HR strategies which are applicable to British Airways for resolving employee relation issue. Moreover, other HR strategies are also highlighted which are used in the organization. Moreover, merger of BA with Iberia is also discussed and its impact on strategic HRM. Introduction Employee relations with employer have been remained a biggest challenge to British Airways. Due to outsourcing and cost cutting business strategy, BA experienced industrial disputes. Employees go on strikes. It hits the passengers during the peak seasons of New Year or Christmas. Employee relation is a biggest issue. BA employs a diversified workforce, therefore, disputes between employees and employer occurs frequently. There are some HR strategies that are applicable to BA for strengthening relation between employees and employer. 1.1 HR strategies for an organisation There are various HR strategies designed for organization to attract and retain the employees...
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...report on British airways 1a. Internal and external factors which influenced the strategic changes of BA. The airline industry is highly competitive and regulations are heavily implemented. Aside from these, the airline industry also faces different challenges brought about by drastic changes in consumer behavior affected by different external factors such as economic condition.( Prosser, T. (n.d).) Political The airline industry is subjected and governed by stringent air regulatory controls. Regulations are applied in the courses that the airline chooses to travel, the partners that the airline chooses to works with, the airport schedule it uses, the fare it sets as well as the infrastructure costs. One more area which is heavily regarded is safety and security. British airways identified and introduced an array of security measures and protocol to curb the threat of terrorism and illegal immigration. The European Union, being a regulatory body in Europe published a list of airlines that failed to meet the safety standards set by ICAO. These airlines are banned in Europe (Department of Transport 2009). Economic The airline industry is highly sensitive to any economic recession. Economic downturn causes company to cut down business travel which contributes greatly to the sales of the airlines industry. The global recession that took place in 2008, has massive impacts on the airline industry. A couple of factors affected the business of British Airways such as prices...
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...INTRODUCTION Defining Strategic Planning - Overview Strategic management can be defined as the art and science of formulating, implementing, and evaluating cross-functional decisions that enable an organization to achieve its objectives. As this definition implies, strategic management focuses on integrating management, marketing, finance/accounting, production/operations, research and development, and information systems to achieve organizational success. The term strategic management in this text is used synonymously with the term strategic planning. The latter term is more often used in the business world, whereas the former is often used in academia. Sometimes the term strategic management is used to refer to strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation, with strategic planning referring only to strategy formulation. The purpose of strategic management is to exploit and create new and different opportunities for tomorrow; long-range planning, in contrast, tries to optimize for tomorrow the trends of today. Strategic management can also be termed as a bundle of decisions and actions which a manager should undertake and one that can decide the results of a firm’s performance. A manager must have a thorough knowledge and analysis of the general and competitive organizational environment in order to make the right decisions. The management should conduct a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). They should make out the possible utilization...
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...1.0 Context Analysis of British Airways In order to understand an organisations key market and communication drivers which will in turn influence how their brand is perceived by consumers, analysing the context of its current marketing communications instalments is essential (Fill, 2006). Fill highlights 4 key stages for context analysis: Customer, Business, Internal and External which are crucial in order to form a marketing communications plan. Context | Dimensions | The Customer -Brand Awareness, perceptions & attitudes-Segmentation criteria | British Airways is an added value airline with a leadership brand that charges a premium. They target an array of affluent citizens, consisting of predominantly ABC1’s, willing to pay extra for the ‘enhanced experiences’ that British Airways have to offer within their business – a commitment to consistently high standards of service (British Airways, 2010). The airline adheres to six main brand values: Safe and secure, Professional, Responsible, British, Warm and Thoughtful, designed to ‘refresh the brand’ as a whole as well as represent the upgraded experience offered to their customers (British Airways, 2010). British Airways target this set of customers for two reasons: high quality airline services are a popular lifestyle choice amongst these groups of people, especially those who travel often and appreciate luxurious comforts, and secondly because they have a higher disposable income so can afford to pay extra for the...
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...Assessment of British Airways Human Resource Management Strategies In a human body, heart is the most important part form where we can judge whether body working fine or not. In the same way in any organization the most important asset is employees. And to maximize their assets, management should always manage the employees working condition with intelligence and efficiency. If employees of any organization are well managed, the organizations mostly do very well. It is therefore necessary to work on development, building, motivation, enhancement and enrichment of the employees. In general every organization believes that Human Resource (HR) offers them reasonable advantage. These advantages can be Quality work force Quality culture etc. The Strategic Human Resource Management ensures that the employees or human capital of an organization contributes towards its achievements with their performance, knowledge and skills. The Traditional Human Resource is only concerned with the implementation of the policies like: Recruitment, Staffing, Reward, Assessment But when general HRM plug into the organization’s strategy the outcome of HR department more scope to increase the abilities of their workforce and focus on the vision and mission. This connection is made to improve the organization performance and develop organizational culture which in turn facilitates innovation and flexibility. Overall the key principle of Strategic HRM is to achieve organization’s...
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...services Section 2 - British Airways Profile Overview Alliances LHR Air Transport Movements LGW Air Transport Movements Awards History Key Events (1987-2005) Board Members Leadership Team British Airways Management Team Employees Brands Departmental Analysis Section 3 - British Airways Fleet Aircraft Fleet Aircraft Delivery Schedule Mainline Fleet Profiles Regional Aircraft Fleet Maintenance Section 4 - British Airways Performance Summary Strategy Social and Environmental Performance Incentive Plans Summary Financial / Operating Statistics Principal Investments Shareholder Information Share Price History Section 5 - Global Partners Overview BA Connect Franchisees oneworld Aer Lingus American Airlines Cathay Pacific Finnair Iberia LanChile Qantas oneworld At A Glance Section 6 - Route Network British Airways Franchisees Section 7 - General Information Airport Three Letter Decodes Outside Advisors Abbreviations & Specialist Terms How To Contact Us 2 3 3 4 4 5 6 6 7 8 89 91 92 93 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 9 9 10 10 11 12 13 38 39 40 41 44 47 105 109 110 115 116 118 56 56 57 69 72 73 74 75 75 77 86 87 88 This document has been prepared solely for the purpose of providing information about British Airways to interested parties. It does not constitute an offer to sell any securities and must not be relied upon in connection with any investment decision. The information contained in the document has been compiled in good faith by British Airways from internal and...
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