...Executive Summary Reckitt Benckiser Bangladesh Ltd is a leading player in the FMCG market of Bangladesh with a focus on Health, Hygiene & Home. Making differencing from conventional playing company in Bangladesh Reckitt Benckiser has strong intention for modern developed capital budgeting technique in evaluating their potential projects especially in large R&D projects. The company mainly uses IRR. It uses sophisticated methods to project future cash flows. The company also uses scenario analysis to incorporate risk and for some very complex projects, it uses simulation analysis with the help of parent company in UK. However, Reckitt Benckiser Bangladesh Ltd is a well established company and it does not take large projects very often. Those capital budgeting techniques are normally used in evaluating large projects and in case of acquisition of an existing company. Company Overview Company Profile Reckitt Benckiser is a world leader in FMCG household, health and personal care. In Bangladesh it has started its journey as Reckitt Benckiser (Bangladesh) Ltd. The Company was listed in DSE in 1986 and in CSE in 1995 as a pharmaceuticals and chemical company. Currently, Reckitt Benckiser (Bangladesh) Ltd is a leading player in the FMCG market of Bangladesh with a focus on Health, Hygiene & Home. RB is involved in the business of manufacturing and marketing Household, Toiletries and Pharmaceuticals items. The company’s product array includes brands like Disprin, Dettol...
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...Capital Budgeting: Capital budgeting is the process of determining whether or not an investment is worthwhile. Often companies will have several opportunities and must measure each one's potential in order to make a comparison and choose just one or a few. It is the process in which a business determines whether projects such as building a new plant or investing in a long-term venture are worth pursuing. Oftentimes, a prospective project's lifetime cash inflows and outflows are assessed in order to determine whether the returns generated meet a sufficient target benchmark. Ideally, businesses should pursue all projects and opportunities that enhance shareholder value. However, because the amount of capital available at any given time for new projects is limited, management needs to use capital budgeting techniques to determine which projects will yield the most return over an applicable period of time. On the other hand capital budgeting is the planning process used to determine whether an organization's long term investments such as new machinery, replacement machinery, new plants, new products, and research development projects are worth the funding of cash through the firm's capitalization structure (debt, equity or retained earnings). It is the process of allocating resources for major capital, or investment, expenditures. One of the primary goals of capital budgeting investments is to increase the value of the firm to the shareholders. Capital budgeting involves allocating...
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...* Budget making process. Midterm budget framework. Budget Defined * A budget (from old French bougette, purse) is a financial plan and a list of all planned expenses and revenues. * A government budget is a legal document that is often passed by the legislature, and approved by the chief executive-or president. * The two basic elements: Revenues and Expenses. * Revenues are derived primarily from taxes and non-tax revenue. * Government expenses include spending on current goods and services, which economists call government consumption ; government investment expenditures such as infrastructure investment or research expenditure; and transfer payments like unemployment or retirement benefits, Social Safety nets Basis of Budget * Budgets have an economic, political and technical basis. * Unlike a pure economic budget, they are not entirely designed to allocate scarce resources for the best economic use. * They also have a political basis wherein different interests push and pull in an attempt to obtain benefits and avoid burdens. * The technical element is the forecast of the likely levels of revenues and expenses Budget Cycle * Budget Preparation: The first phase of the budget cycle involves preparation by the departments/agencies, ministries and finally ministry of Finance * Legislative Approval: Typically, the legislature has the power to approve or reject a proposed budget. They review it and vote. If approved, it moves...
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...INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is a nation of 164 million people where , according to world bank 41 percent live on less $1 per day. Different classes of people live here and their earning source is different. We have upper level people to lower level people Tea seller is one of them in the lower level. In this situation tea stall business provide a poor family in Bangladesh with the opportunity to grow a unique small business and serve their community with refreshing tea as well as earn money .Thousands of ordinary people earn their livelihood by selling tea, in every part of Bangladesh. As a student’s of research method we try to find out the average daily income of tea sellers in dhanmondi area, Dhaka Statement of the problem & setting Objective Every research have some objectives .We choose tea stall business for our research, because there is no sufficient research about tea stall business in our country. That’s why we conduct a small research, in three tea stall at dhanmondi area and our research objectives as follows- 1. To assess the daily average income of a tea sellers 2. How they improve their business 3 .To know about their future business plan 4. Is there any loan or credit facilities for tea sellers 5. To provide some suggestions for business development Review of Literature A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of current knowledge including substantive findings as well as theoretical and methodological...
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...Tweet inShare1 * Embed Doc * Copy Link * Readcast * Collections * CommentsGo Back Download Executive Summary “Unilever” which is one of the leading companies in Bangladesh is going to introduce a new product “WhiteLight” to serve the people of Bangladesh.“WhiteLight” is a revolutionary new system that incorporates light technology to whiten our tooth fast. Light treatment is the latest whitening technique used by dentists. The unique, patent pending White Light is designed to be used at home and is extremely easy to use. The advanced light combined with the specially formulated gel, rapidly removes surface stains and penetrates deep to remove embedded stains. Works great on stains caused by coffee, tea, smoking, red wine, fruit juice, cola, aging and more. In the marketing plan of WhiteLight it shows that as the company is producing same product to all consumer, which refers to mass marketing means no segmentation by demographic, geographic, behavioral etc. As the product is totally new in Bangladesh not so much people are aware about the product therefore primarily the company is focusing urban area people of some big cities; so single segment concentration is their selective pattern of target market selection for this product. WhiteLight which is a new product and not available in the market so it’s still in product development stage, however the company expect that when...
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...Influence of National Culture and Other Forces on Management Control Practices of Bangladesh. Abstract This study attempts to examine the influence of national culture and other forces on management control practices of Bangladesh by applying Schneider and Barsoux 2003 culture/ control profiles and some other alternative theories. A triangulation of research methods are followed for this purpose. Evidence from telephone interviews, researcher’s personal experience and other empirical works are used to validate the ingredients of Schneider and Barsoux control profiles for Asian region and different alternative theories on management control practices of Bangladesh. Empirical works from other scholars also suggest that several forces like institutional pressure, ecopolitical conditions and history etc. are more influential than culture in directing the course of management control practices in Bangladesh. The major limitation of this study is its usage of limited data sets. The findings will be useful in understanding different forces that are shaping management control practices in a transitional economy, Bangladesh. 1 1.0 Introduction Previous researches (Hofstede 1991; Schneider and Barsoux, 2003) confirm that management control is practiced differently in different parts of the world and the development of national management practices is a function of its environmental factors. Although it is hoped that globalization, technological development and improved methods...
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...steering an organization toward its strategic objectives and competitive advantage. Management controls are only one of the tools which managers use in implementing desired strategies. However strategies get implemented through management controls, organizational structure, human resources management and culture. In this paper we will discuss how management control system is implemented in various sectors of an pharmaceutical company ie. “GlaxoSmithKline Bangladesh Limited”. GlaxoSmithKline Bangladesh Limited carries with it an enviable image and reputation for the past 6 decades. A subsidiary of GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is one of the world’s largest research-based pharmaceutical and healthcare companies GSK Bangladesh, continues to be committed to improving the quality of human life by enabling people to do more, feel better and live longer. The Company’s principle activities include secondary manufacture of pharmaceutical products and marketing of vaccines, pharmaceutical and healthcare products. GlaxoSmithKline Bangladesh Limited implements many control systems to attain their strategic objectives and competitive advantages. Some models that GlaxoSmithKline uses to make their activities and resources effective & efficient, for their employee performance evaluation and to enhance the overall performance of the organization will be discussed in this paper. Management Control Systems 1.1 Introduction: A management control systems (MCS) is a system which gathers...
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...PART – 1 Title of the Report: Evaluation of Environment Health & Safety Audit and Budgetary Practices; Case Study of British American Tobacco Bangladesh. [pic] PART – 2 Introduction to the Study 2.1 Rationale Supply Chain Management Department of British American Tobacco Bangladesh Ltd vision is to be the best Supply Chain Management department in Bangladesh. . It’s vital to ensure our supply chain is fit for purpose for the long term. Importantly our approach covers both our own operations and our wider supply chain... To me it’s clearly good business, as well as good stewardship. Supply chains have always needed to be flexible and agile. But there are increasing pressures to adapt faster than before: climate change, more competition and demand for greater business growth, to name a few. The anticipated growth in demand for agricultural products is particularly relevant for us. As the global population expands and economic development generates more disposable incomes, there will be increased competition between crops for energy, land and water. We also expect business to play a greater role in addressing social and environmental issues, through influence and public-private partnerships. 2.2 Background (Description of the Organization/Company): The British American Tobacco Group is one of the world’s leading international manufacturers of cigarettes, marketing its products in almost every country worldwide. It is clear...
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...World Journal of Social Sciences Vol. 1. No. 1. March 2011. Pp. 148 - 164 Significance of Management Accounting Techniques in Decision-making: An Empirical Study on Manufacturing Organizations in Bangladesh Farjana Yeshmin* and Md. Amran Hossan** Management accounting is concerned with gathering and reporting internal financial information to facilitate decision-making process. As management accounting is not required to conform to national accounting standards, it allows business to customize the management accounting techniques as per demand of company. As a process of this customization, some advanced quantitative as well as number of qualitative techniques accompany with the traditional techniques, have been emerged to cater the information need in decision making. This study attempts to measure the significance of management accounting techniques in decision making of the selected manufacturing organizations in Bangladesh. In doing so, a total of 74 manufacturing organizations have been surveyed with a structured questionnaire by using 5 point Likert Scale measurement from different categories of manufacturing organizations. Findings reveal that cash flow statement analysis, ratio analysis, budgetary control, CVP analysis, variance analysis and fund flow analysis have been frequently high-ranking techniques. Secondly, the authors have recognized five factors to calculate the variability in decision-making with the help of rotated component matrix which shows that 75.125...
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...LEASE FINANCING Lease finance or lease financing means contract between owner of asset and user of asset. In this contract only rent is paid at periodical intervals for using of asset by user. If user of asset has no money to pay initial amount of leasing contract, he can also do contract with third part to pay initial amount or specific period rent of lease. Importance of Lease Financing: 1. Lease finance is easy to get than getting loan for buying all fixed assets. 2. Monthly rent payment for lease finance will be operating expenses. It will be allowed to deduct total income. So, company can get tax benefits in lease financing. 3. It can show as invisible debt of company out of its balance sheet. You can show lease finance in the footnote of balance sheet, if you did contract directly with the owner of asset. 4. One of major important point is that it is more flexible way of finance. You can fix your need of asset and get it one lease through lease financing. 5. A study from IFC [PDF] has revealed that 30% of total share of lease financing as investment of fixed asset is of emerging and developed economies and now 15% of developing countries. RETAIL BANKING Retail banking is a major form of commercial banking but mainly targeted to consumers rather than corporate clients. It is the method of banks' approach to the customers for sale of their products. The products are consumer-oriented like offering a car loan, home loan facility...
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...A Proposal to Introduce Value Based Management in NGOs of Bangladesh Munima Siddika1 Abstract: Presently the rapid growth and diversification of the gigantic NGO sector of Bangladesh has given rise to questions and concerns, about their trade-offs between sustainability and pro-poor orientation; the impact and quality of services; corporate governance; management and accountability. The paper is based on a proposal to introduce a modern management system viz. value based management (VBM) in the NGOs of Bangladesh. Value-based management can be defined as an integrated management control system that measures, encourages and supports the creation of net worth. The report of Transparency International Bangladesh ‘Problems of Governance in the NGO Sector: The Way Out’ (TIB) 2007 is used here as an information source of finding out the flaws of existing management techniques. Finally the paper recommended implementation techniques of VBM in order to regain the image of the NGOs as a pioneer of social welfare in Bangladesh. Keywords: NGO, Transparency, Governance, Management, Strategies, Value Addition, Value Based Management etc. 1. Introduction Bangladesh has largely failed to assist the poor or reduce poverty because of limited resources and faulty planning, while Non Government Organizations (NGOs) have grown dramatically and ostensibly to fill up this gap. There are more and bigger NGOs here than in any other country of equivalent size. Bangladesh’s NGO sector is remarkable for...
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...Challenges Project Management in Bangladesh : Positive Factors: 1. Growing economy, scope for fresh and new projects, need for infrastructural facilities. 2. Availability of resources. 3. Abundance of manpower. 4. Urge for development. 5. Adaptability of manpower vis-à-vis technologies. Negative Factors: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. Poor & very inadequate technical bases. Inadequacy of research & trained manpower. Serious brain drain. Lack & inadequacy of infra-structural facilities. Corruption (resource utilization is only 40% effectively). Very poor project planning. Data bank lacking & highly inaccurate. Dearth of experienced & hardworking and honest entrepreneurs. Poor general economic conditions & low per capita income. Size of market & buying capacities. Uncongenial legal framework. Absence of good governance. Unfriendly administrative machinery. Irrational fiscal policy. Weak & ineffective capital market. Inefficient monitoring of banking structure & banking policy. Default culture. Absence of business ethics. Lack of political will. High political risk including instability. Precarious law & order situation. Bangladesh is classified as “high risk” country. Low savings - GDP ratio. Majority of the population lives below poverty level. Low literacy rate & lack of civic sense, patriotism, and sense of belongingness. Unhealthy distribution of income and concentration of most of the wealth of the...
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...-1- By selection of the company ‘PACIFIC BANGLADESH TELECOM LIMITED(PBTL)’, we have the intention to: Over view the mobile service sector of Bangladesh. Present the background of the company. Identify the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity And Threat of the company. Identify their target market Develop the means of market research Set up the objectives and goal for the company Develop the strategy to accomplish their objectives and goal, set by us Highlight the marketing tactics to archive the pre determined objectives Do the projections with concern to costs, revenue and budgeting information for three years Draw an over all picture about the effectiveness of the implementation and controlling tools. -2- -3- Bangladesh is a country where there are lots of people has a capability to use mobile service getting faster their life. As our population is very large Bangladesh can be a very good market. At present, middle class people are growing very fast and many mobile service companies are playing a great role to serve this large number middle class people. CityCell is one of the pioneers to serve the middle class people with high quality mobile service with fastest communication. Objective of the Study: Through this study our objective was to learn how to put a product(service) into the market with the help of different marketing strategy and to implement our knowledge of the marketing system in a real world scenario...
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...essential to fully grasping how things can add up. Creating a budget will decrease your stress levels because, with a budget, there are no surprises. Why budget is prepared? Budget helps to aid the planning of actual operations by forcing managers to consider how the conditions might change and what steps should be taken now and by encouraging managers to consider problems before they arise. It also helps co-ordinate the activities of the organization by compelling managers to examine relationships between their own operation and those of other departments. Other essentials of budget include: To control resources To communicate plans to various responsibility center managers. To motivate managers to strive to achieve budget goals. To evaluate the performance of managers To provide visibility into the company's performance Objectives of a Budget The main objective of a firm is to make an excess of revenue over expenses to maximize profit. But it is not a matter of a dream or chance. There is no magic formula for boosting the figure of profit overnight. Budgeting can increase the chances of making profits within the given environment. The main objectives of budgets are as...
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...Internship Report on Portfolio Mix and Operational Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh Under the Supervision of Dr. M. Sadiqul Islam Professor Department of Finance University of Dhaka Prepared by Robin Kumar Saha BBA ID: 16-039 BBA 16th Batch Department of Finance Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Date of Submission: ............, 2014 Letter of Transmittal .................., 2014 Dr. M. Sadiqul Islam Professor Department of Finance University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of Internship report. Dear Sir, Here is the report on ‘Portfolio Mix and Operational Performance of NBFIs in Bangladesh’ you asked me to conduct. Working on a practical field with theories helped me to build my theories strong and specific. I believe that this report will help me to know about the perfect mix of investment portfolio of NBFIs in Bangladesh and its relation with the operational performance of the firm. During preparing this report I have enforced my best effort. Surely, it enriches our knowledge and promotes our study. Thank you for giving me such an opportunity for working on the topic. I will be honored to provide you any additional information, if necessary. Sincerely yours, (Robin Kumar Saha) BBA ID: 16-039 BBA 16th Batch Acknowledgement I would like to express my sincere gratitude and cordial thanks to some person who helped me In the course of preparing this report. First of all, I want to mention my honorable...
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