...THE PRINCIPLES OF WAR IN THE CURRENT BUSINESS WORLD By Carmen Sofia Perez Espana Since the beginning of times, we can describe mankind as competitive beings, usually competing over food, shelter or territory, and many centuries after, we realize these disputes could also be over money or power; but once you compare them it is very simple to identify the essence that keeps constant, even if the reasons why they all started are not remotely similar. In that matter, we can define war as a disagreement, usually violent between two or more parts. Being this established as such a wide concept, it could apply in almost any situation in which there is competition over one particular goal, such as sports or education, but in this paper we are going to focus on the contemporary business world and its resemblance to war. Since the “competition” fact has already been defined, the next element we should consider would be the use of strategies or “principles” in order to get a bigger advantage over the opponent. As Mary Coulter (2013) says, the nine principles of war have been taught in the leading military schools of America for years, even though wars in the present have change very much. Could we apply them to business? Would it make a difference in any organization if we did? Would it be a positive one? In every case the answer is yes, because “the marketplace is often viewed as a battlefield” (Coulter, 2013, p. 9) converting every competitor into an opponent...
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...ISM EXTERNAL PROGRAMS ISEG BUSINESS SCHOOL - 5th year ISM - 431 E-BUSINESS FINAL ASSIGNMENT Student : FLORENTIN THEVENET Professor : S Subject : The Impact of the Online Publication on the Print Media Words : 3 733 strategic shift with the influx of new means of dematerialization of information. A study conducted in 2010 by Bain & Company1 reports that in 2015, 15 to 20% of the population should be equipped with a digital book, an electronic reader (called an Ereader) or multifunction tablet (not including Smartphones). These last may even represent the majority of the market, reaching a wider audience, if prices, still exceeding € 300, were to fall. Also according to this study, the digital book and digital media in general should know a better situation and favorable growth in the coming years, most users remaining faithful to the paper (including books), seeing the new devices with only additional functions. In addition, unlike the music industry or the audiovisual industry, there are very few parallel market, where users can illegally download works. If this phenomenon were to grow, then it may be as difficult for the publishing industry as the entertainment industry. Currently, there are three main schools of thought on the so-called traditional print media and its evolution towards digital media. Some see through this trend the death of newspapers and even the journalists (the professional ones). We cannot give them completely wrong, when you look...
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...particularly with respect to bottling and canning production units – allowed Coke and Pepsi to constantly introduce new products and packages before other existing and potential rivals could do so to compete. By the late 1980s, Coke and Pepsi each offered over 10 major brands and at least 17 container types. Thirdly, Coke and Pepsi dominated shelf space in supermarkets along with national pouring rights (89% combined in 2009). The two also invested hefty sums (over $370 million combined in 2009 alone) in advertising to help foster strong brand equity and loyalty. In short, mass availability and visibility of Coke and Pepsi made it difficult and costly for rivals to push their brands and products. The fear of retaliation, especially in terms of price wars, was possibly uninviting for smaller concentrate producers. Next, a moderate buyer power relationship existed. Historically, the key buyers were supermarkets and fountain outlets, taking up 29.1% and 23.1% of the distribution. While the former possessed premium shelf space, they ought to benefit from holding CSDs, which accounted for $12...
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....1 | UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN (UTAR)FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND FINANCE (FBF) | Unit Plan 1. | Unit Code &Unit Title: | UBMM1011 SUN ZI’S ART OF WAR AND BUSINESS STRATEGIES | 2. | Course of Study: | Bachelor of Commerce (Hons) Accounting (AC)Bachelor of Business Administration (Hons) (BBA)Bachelor of Business Administration (Hons) Banking & Finance (BF)Bachelor of Business Administration (Hons) Entrepreneurship (EN)Bachelor of Economics (Hons) Financial Economics (FE)Bachelor of Finance (Hons) (FN)Bachelor of Marketing (Hons) (MK)Bachelor of Social Science (Hons) Psychology (PY)Bachelor of Arts (Hons) English Education (EL)Bachelor of Arts (Hons) English Education (ED)Bachelor of Science (Hons) Chemistry (CE)Bachelor of Science (Hons) Statistical Computing and Operations Research (SC)Bachelor of Science (Hons) Biotechnology (BT)Bachelor of Science (Hons) Microbiology (MB)Bachelor of Science (Hons) Construction Management (CM)Bachelor of Engineering (Hons) Electronic Engineering (EE)Bachelor of Information Tchnology (Hons) Communications And Networking (CN)Bachelor of Computer Science & Information Systems (Hons) (CS) | 3. | Year of Study: | Y2T1/T2 (BAC) Y1T2/T3 (BBA) Y2T1/T2 (BBF) Y2T1/T2 (BEN)Y2T1/T2 (BFE) Y1T3 (BFN) Y2T1/T2 (BMK) Y3T2 (PY)Y3T1/T2 (EL) Y1T1/T2/T3 (ED) Y1T1/T2/T3 (CE) Y2T1/T2 (SC) Y1T1/T2 (BT) Y1T1/T2 (MB) Y1T1/T2 (CM) ...
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...1. The underlying causes for the outbreak of the price war are the close proximity of two competitive businesses and the lack of pricing cooperation needed to benefit from such a situation. Having two competitive businesses in a “fish bowl” atmosphere like this requires both businesses to agree on a price and stick to it. They also need to find ways to differentiate themselves from one another. This could decrease the “head to head” atmosphere and help both businesses carve out their own niche. In a business that relies on sales to tourists, customer loyalty is not an issue. Therefore, a price war is not going to be productive for either business. Settle on a price and let each capitalize on there own segment of the market by differentiating from one another. The problem with a price war is that when one business lowers its price it won’t be long before the other business will do the same. It just goes back and forth until one or the other is out of business. The only one that wins is the customers taking advantage of the good deals. However, that advantage will be short lived once one of the businesses exits the market and the other can then charge what it wants. This is referred to as predatory pricing. According to Miller, Cross (2007) “predatory pricing is when one firm drives the other out of business by lowering its prices. Once control of the market is gained back, the firm will attempt to recapture its losses and go on to earn higher profits by driving...
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...The thirty year war that was in mother courage and her children is the same situation in the Middle East today. The isreaeli-plestine, the shia-sunni dispute, Iran -Iraq war etc. which has its religious roots, the control of great resource and fighting for land. War is a capitalist system designed to make profit just like in the story mother courage is destined to lose by trading during the war; because the fact is that only the fat pigs at the top have a real chance of benefitting from this system. And at the end of the day the lower classes lose everything in war. War brings pain, poverty, hunger and destruction to everyone. I know mother courage is a smart business woman but at the end she lost everything. Even thought she claims that she...
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...War in the Office: A comparison of “Art of War” and “Drive: The Surprising Truth about What Motivates Us”. Many major theories and teachings from the non-business world can be learned and successfully applied just as effectively as those skills learned in the business work place. I became more and more convinced of this statement after reading two relatively similar books on the topics of War and personal success. Although both topics seem farfetched and distant from each other they happen to contain a lot of similar themes and ideas. Contrary to what the title suggests, the main point of the “Art of War” is to convince readers that in times of war or conflict, information and knowledge are the greatest weapons one can possess. Many individuals tend to look at the book in the wrong light simply due to the fact that it has the word “war” in its title. Scholars believe that the Art of War was written around 2,500 years ago. Sun Tsu (the author of the novel) was a high-ranking military general who took his endeavors as serious as any other high profile military figure. The business based novel I selected (book #2) to read is titled “Drive: The Surprising Truth about What Motivates Us”. Drive is written by Daniel H. Pink, A critically acclaimed writer and Yale/NorthWestern university professor. While both books are similar and contain elements of non-fiction advise. “Drive’s” central argument is that “Autonomy, Mastery, and Purpose” should be the three most practiced areas or fields...
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...The United States has been a constant participate in war time affairs. In the start of the country the US has been involved in dozens all stemming from the protection of thave been instilled upon by the forefathers, the country's core value: liberty, justice, and freedom. Fighting for the core vaules of thenation have been a forfitted responsibility put on by the forefathers. Protecting the nation from any from of attack on the vaules have been challenged. In the past century the unethical business process of war profiteering has risen, leading to the unjust profiting during a time of crisis. War profiteers have made billions of dollars during war since the beginning of war time fighting in the United States. The overall economic gain of oneself...
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...Business Republicnism prioritizes ensuring that the government is suporting business.6 Business Republicans believed in the American system, which is, essentially, supportive of high tariffs, internal improvements, and a variety of other principles all in favor of business.7 High taxes, such as the McKinley Tariff, which became law in October 1890, raised taxes on imported goods, which limited competition from abroad, promoting local businesses and supporting the American economy.8 There were a multitude of internal improvements, such as the Hoover Dam, that greatly aided America.9 Business Republicanism and its theories aided American business growth...
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...Entrepreneurs exploited the American Civil War, garnering wealth and success in a time of strife and hardship. War profiteering, still a common practice among corporations, allowed businessmen to benefit from tragedy. Circumstances created by the war similarly led the ambitious on a path to affluence. Among these companies exist many household names, having achieved recognition in this time period. The Civil War served as a key factor in the progression and eventual worldwide popularity of many modern businesses. During the Civil War, and even in conflicts today, businesses use war profiteering to energize and develop their brands’ recognition. Taking advantage of wartime to sell products to opposing factions allowed companies and corporations...
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...Handbook of Business Strategy Emerald Article: The ethics of business strategy Fred Hansen, Michele Smith Article information: To cite this document: Fred Hansen, Michele Smith, (2006),"The ethics of business strategy", Handbook of Business Strategy, Vol. 7 Iss: 1 pp. 201 - 206 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10775730610618828 Downloaded on: 09-04-2012 References: This document contains references to 16 other documents To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com This document has been downloaded 5650 times. Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by UNIVERSITY OF HERTFORDSHIRE For Authors: If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service. Information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Additional help for authors is available for Emerald subscribers. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com With over forty years' experience, Emerald Group Publishing is a leading independent publisher of global research with impact in business, society, public policy and education. In total, Emerald publishes over 275 journals and more than 130 book series, as well as an extensive range of online products and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 3 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the...
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...Forecasting Identify a minimum of three current environmental conditions that would impact the preparation of a forecast. Explain how and why they would impact a forecast. Examples are weather conditions, government regulations, war, political unrest, etc. A business forecast could be severely affected by any sort of unpredictable and often unpreventable environmental circumstance. Several of these environmental conditions that would be detrimental for forecasting would be such events as weather conditions, economic unrest, and war. Weather conditions, although they can be predicted to a certain degree, often cannot be prevented. For example, natural disasters may occur, which would deter any company’s forecast. Another environmental impediment could arise from economic unrest. In such a case there may be unregulated episodes of inflation or unemployment, which could be detrimental to a business’s clientele and overall output. Next, the effects of war can take a company’s forecast for a spin, especially because the beginning and duration of a war can very often be unpredictable and its results very negative. Weather conditions can be detrimental for a company in regards to output. For example, something as common as a snow storm can deter deliveries for a business that does deliveries. This event may in term mean the waste of certain products that the company was counting on delivering in order to make profit. Another example would be a bakery because in the case of snowstorm or flood...
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...Art of War Written 500 years B.C., The Art of War is a Chinese military treatise that was written by Sun Tzu during the Spring and Autumn period. The treatise is composed of 13 chapters, each of which is devoted to one aspect of the warfare. For hundreds of years, Sun Tzu’s classic treatise have been used and applied over and over again, not only in military operations, but in all aspects of the human life-to include economic, social and political relations. The Art of War is among the most ancient books published, yet its influence and success continue to amaze the world. The book has been translated and published in almost all languages of the world and its principles have been applied to all walks of life. Indeed, Sun Tzu registered a tremendous influence on both Eastern and Western military thinking, business tactics, and beyond. Even in his times, Sun Tzu had recognized the importance of positioning in strategy as affected by both the physical environment and the opinions of all players in that environment. Sun Tzu taught that tactics is more important that actions-planning must concentrate on tactics. He taught that the strategy is not to a plan course of action, but rather to establish quick and appropriate responses to changing conditions. Planning works in a controlled environment, but in a competitive environment, competing plans collide, creating unexpected situations. The following are five of the 13 principles of Sun Tzu in the Art of War: 1...
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...5 KONGO GUMI ENVIRONMENT 7 Feudal Japan 8 The Restoration of Edo 8 The Meiji Restoration 9 World War 1 12 The Mid War Period 13 World War 2 15 The Occupation of Japan and Post War Reconstruction 16 The Economic Miracle 17 The Lost Decade 18 Global Financial Crisis 19 Natural Disasters 20 Abenomics 21 STRATEGIES KONGO GUMI USED TO SURVIVE TURBULENCE 23 Kongo Gumi in the 20th Century 23 Meiji restoration 23 The Mid War Period 24 World war 11 24 KONGO GUMI WOULD HAVE SURVIVED IF: 25 WOULD KONGO GUMI HAVE SURVIVED IF IT MADE IT THROUGH TO THE ABENOMICS ERA? 26 LESSONS FROM KONGO GUMI 27 CONCLUSION 28 REFERENCES 31 Appendix 1 – Infographic of Japan’s timeline EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Kongo Gumi was a success as it operated in a stable industry. The belief system has survived for thousands of years and has many millions of adherents. With this firm foundation, Kongo had survived some tumultuous times. The temple construction had until recently been a reliable mainstay, contributing 80% of Kongo Gumi's $67.6 million in 2004 revenues. The story of Kongo Gumi suggests that firms should blend elements of conservatism and flexibility. This means that firms should stay in the same business for more than a millennium and vary from the principle of succession as needed to preserve the company. Experts felt that...
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...to be the author of The Art of War. This was an influential ancient Chinese book on military strategy. His work is thought to have had a considerable impact on Asian, and in particular Chinese, history and culture. The recognition of The Art of War grew during the 19th and 20th centuries and has continued to influence not only Asian culture and politics but western society as well (Cultural China, 2010).The Art of War, written during a period of constant war among seven nations seeking the full control of China, discusses how important it is for an organisation, in this case an army, to be controlled, organised and ready to exploit enemy’s weaknesses. The purpose of the text is to demonstrate that structure within an organisation and mutual philosophies shared i.e. confidence, solidity and even patience can give an organisation the best opportunity to succeed in the task ahead, in this case a war. The Art of War perceives that high leadership control is the most influential component to a firm’s success, similar theories can be shown today. For example, Fiedler’s Contingency theory suggests that a good task structure and strong leader-member relations bond forms an environment where a leader has high control of a situation and greater potential to be successful (Ornstein, A 2011). Traditional accounts describe Sun Tzu as a heroic general of the King of Wu (lived c. 544—496 BCE). Victories for Sun Tzu were what inspired him to write The Art of War (McNeilly, M 2003). When Sun Tzu wrote...
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