...Business Strategy Formulation: Theory, Process, and the Intellectual Revolution Anthony W. Ulwick QUORUM BOOKS Business Strategy Formulation Business Strategy Formulation Theory, Process, and the Intellectual Revolution Anthony W. Ulwick QUORUM BOOKS Westport, Connecticut • London Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ulwick, Anthony W., 1957– Business strategy formulation : theory, process, and the intellectual revolution / Anthony W. Ulwick. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1–56720–273–X (alk. paper) 1. Strategic planning. I. Title. HD30.28.U44 1999 658.4'012—dc21 99–13714 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright ᭧ 1999 by Anthony W. Ulwick All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 99–13714 ISBN: 1–56720–273–X First published in 1999 Quorum Books, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.quorumbooks.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48–1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Dedicated to my wife, Heather Lee, and our son, Anthony—my sources of love and inspiration. Contents Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1. The...
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...Executing IP Strategy with ICM Process Implementation By Bruce Story, Senior Advisor, ipCapital Group Introduction: Background from Dow While leading Intellectual Capital Management (ICM) in the Plastics Business at The Dow Chemical Company, I witnessed the value of having a business-aligned IP strategy, implemented early in the development of a new technology platform. The difference between leaving IP development to the ad hoc process dependent on the initiative of the inventor and using IP strategy to guide R&D and new business development can be immense. The high performance elastomers business platform developed at Dow in the last decade is worth over a billion dollars. With the increasingly global competitive environment, this never would have been sustained without the implementation of an IP strategy that took into account the business strategy, competitors’ patenting strategies, the product value chain, and providing a closecoupling of actionable IP strategy to the R&D staff. Previously, as is common in many companies, the IP strategy was basically a legal strategy for obtaining patents. Dow’s attorneys were very good at getting patents granted. However, the disclosing of inventions was left to the initiative of the inventors who were often too busy with their projects to document their inventions. The “Inventor-of-the–Year” Award went to the inventor who received the most U.S. patents in the previous year. Quantity was being rewarded rather than IP...
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...KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT THROUGH STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PROCESS ABSTRACT Knowledge Management (KM) is the key factor for the organizational success and survival. In the competitive business environments, knowledge management involve strategic management processes. The processes consist of formulating stages, implementation stages, and controlling stages. With a systematic strategic management approach, organizations are able to generate competitive advantage and achieve organizational objectives. This paper provides an approach for organization to manage KM through strategic management process. KM currently is a discipline which is growing very fast. Therefore to support business viability and competitiveness, organization needs to integrate fragmented landscape of KM with strategic management process. Keywords: Knowledge Management, Strategic Management. 1.0 INTRODUCTION According to Webb (1998), KM is the process of identification, optimization and active management of intellectual assets to create value, increase productivity and gain and sustain competitive advantage. Meanwhile, Murray (1998) said KM is a strategy that turns an organization’s intellectual assets and the talents of its members to produce new productivity, value and increase competitiveness. Therefore, we can conclude that KM is a discipline, designed to provide strategy, process, and technology to increase organizational learning. A part from that, strategy is the major plan to be undertaken and allocating...
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...Strategy and Planning What is Strategy? The term ‘strategy’ proliferates in discussions of business. The term ‘strategy’ is derived from the Greek word ‘stratēgia’, which means the “art of the troop leader”: a plan, course of action, or a set of decisions creating a pattern or a common link. All the successful business enterprises today constantly take in new information about their markets, customers, and operating environments. Then, management uses that knowledge and data to shape new strategic directions, to reorganise how they respond to marketplace demands, and to ensure that their views regarding all aspects of the business are fresh and viable. Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long-term, which achieves advantage for the organisation through its configuration of resources within a challenging environment to meet the needs of markets and to fulfil stakeholder expectations. What is the difference between Tactics and Strategy? Strategy differs from tactics. Tactics are schemes for specific manoeuvres, whereas strategy is the overall plan for deploying resources to establish a favourable position. An organisation’s strategy consists of the combination of competitive moves and business approaches that managers employ to please customers and achieve organisational objectives. Strategy is a plan or course of action denoting a pattern which evolves a direction for the organisation. It relates to pursuing those activities which move an...
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...STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: THREE-STAGE PROCESS AND INFLUENCING ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS Sandeep Krishnan Personnel and Industrial Relations Area D-18, Indian Institute of Management, Vastrapur, Ahmedabad 380 015, Gujarat, India. Email: sandeepk@iimahd.ernet.in Tel: ++91-79-26327816 Fax: ++91-79-26306896 Manjari Singh Personnel and Industrial Relations Area Wing 12-D, Indian Institute of Management, Vastrapur, Ahmedabad 380 015, Gujarat, India. Email: manjari@iimahd.ernet.in Tel: ++91-79-26324914 Fax: ++91-79-26306896 1 Abstract: A three-stage model for the process of strategic human resource management is developed in this paper. The three stages cover strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation. The inter-linkages in this dynamic model have been explored. The organisational factors that have enabling or deterring influence on the success of each of these three stages have been discussed. The paper highlights the key role played by HR professionals in these three stages. 2 STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: THREE-STAGE PROCESS AND INFLUENCING ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS Organisations are increasingly looking at human resources as a unique asset that can provide sustained competitive advantage. The changes in the business environment with increasing globalisation, changing demographics of the workforce, increased focus on profitability through growth, technological changes, intellectual capital and the never-ending changes that organisations are...
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...followed by the fourth section which covers the scope of strategic management. The fifth section shows some of the benefits of strategic management for organizations. Finally the sixth section describes the process of strategic management. Upon the completion of this chapter you should be able to: 1. understand the concept of strategic management 2. know the brief history of the strategic management concept 3. understand the definition of strategic management 4. know the context in which strategic management occurs 5. comprehend the scope of strategic management 6. describe the benefit of strategic management 7. know the strategic management process 1.1 Introduction to the Strategic Management Concept Strategic management is a concept that originated from the military field. The concept of strategic management was first applied in ancient battles. The period around 500 B.C. saw numerous battles that took place Greece and China. The early written record on strategic management can be traced back during this warring period. The term strategy is derived from the Greek word ‘strategos’. According to Heracleous (2003) the word ‘strategos’ comprised two Greek words, ‘stratos’ and ‘agein’. The term ‘stratos’ refers to the army and ‘agein’ means to lead. Thus strategy in this sense means the art of leading the army. To some scholars the word ‘strategos’ also implies the art of the general. At this...
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...m w e a n B usiness S trategy a nd H uman R esource Management: S etting t he S cene Ed van Sluijs & Frits Kluytmans MERIT Open University This article is based on a journey through the wilderness of strategic human resource management. Part 1 gives an overview of the recent literature on this topic, particularly pertaining to the two issues which received have most attention until now: the relational aspects and the content aspects. In part 2, we go deeper into the wilderness and explore the least known aspect of strategic human resource management, namely the process aspects. This exploration is based on the simultaneous study of the (scarce) literature and four cases. Finally, the connection between the three aspects is investigated. INTRODUCTION Increased integration between human resource management and business strategy is one of the most important demands that are placed upon modern strategic human resource management. In both the management and the academic literature, it is generally acknowledged that the strategic deployment and management of personnel can contribute to the success and continuity of the firm. Some go even further by stating that a firm’s human resources form the basis of the firm’s competitive advantage. In this view, the human resources are the most important assets of an organisation. At the same time, in addition to the importance of the human resources as such, it is believed to be important that the management of the...
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...STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: THREE-STAGE PROCESS AND INFLUENCING ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS Sandeep Krishnan Personnel and Industrial Relations Area D-18, Indian Institute of Management, Vastrapur, Ahmedabad 380 015, Gujarat, India. Email: sandeepk@iimahd.ernet.in Tel: ++91-79-26327816 Fax: ++91-79-26306896 Manjari Singh Personnel and Industrial Relations Area Wing 12-D, Indian Institute of Management, Vastrapur, Ahmedabad 380 015, Gujarat, India. Email: manjari@iimahd.ernet.in Tel: ++91-79-26324914 Fax: ++91-79-26306896 1 Abstract: A three-stage model for the process of strategic human resource management is developed in this paper. The three stages cover strategy formulation, implementation and evaluation. The inter-linkages in this dynamic model have been explored. The organisational factors that have enabling or deterring influence on the success of each of these three stages have been discussed. The paper highlights the key role played by HR professionals in these three stages. 2 STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: THREE-STAGE PROCESS AND INFLUENCING ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS Organisations are increasingly looking at human resources as a unique asset that can provide sustained competitive advantage. The changes in the business environment with increasing globalisation, changing demographics of the workforce, increased focus on profitability through growth, technological changes, intellectual capital and the never-ending changes that organisations are...
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...continuous activity that appraises and controls the industries and the business in which the company is involved; evaluates its rivals and sets organizational purpose and strategies to address with all existing and potential competitors; and then reevaluates each strategy after a definite time period to determine how it has been applied and whether it has thrived or needs replacement by a new strategy to meet changed environments, new rivals or new political, economical social, technological environment. Strategic management is very important and broader area than any specific functional management area. It determines whether an organization excels, survives, or dies. It is very essential because it leads all the functional arenas of the business. It is generally believed that businesses, which develop formal strategic management systems, have a greater possibility of success than those, which do not. (Jauch and Glueck,1988,) Strategic management helps organizations predict future problems and opportunities. It endows with crystal-clear vision, mission, objectives, and strategies that guide organization into the secured future. Strategic management is a stream of decisions and actions. (Jauch and Glueck,1988). It is a procedure by which top-level management decides and does for the success of the company. It helps to determine the best possible strategy so that company could win the game in competitive business environment. Thus, strategic management is a procedure where a strategist...
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...Strategic Management Process Paper Kenneth Worley MGT/498 February 19, 2014 Patty Murphy Strategic Management Process Paper Having a set of rules, is not the only way to approach management. There is a process to follow. There is a philosophical/strategic thought to it. Management of a business must implement this process. Best way to process it is when everyone in upper management understands the strategy and goal of the business. Goal-setting- is one of the process patterns to illuminate the vision of a business. Also identifying some facets like short, long term objectives and knowing how to accomplish those objectives. Customizing the tasks to the staff for them succeed toward the goals set. Making sure the goals are realistic and detailed, and relate to the vision verbally and written to staff and shareholders of the business. Analysis is very important process, accomplishing your vision is for you to gathering all the relevant data and information. Analyzing what the business need on a sustainable entity, identifying initiatives and strategic direction of your vision and the growth of business. Analyzing external and internal problems which may affect the goals and objectives, which plays to the weakness and strengths of the businesses. Strategy Formulation- is after the completion of the information analysis. Identifying areas might need external resources and identify resources currently the business has to accomplish goals and objectives. To start formulating...
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...Study, Stage 1 Business Environment Analysis Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwaid.com/shop/isfm-300-case-study-stage-1-business-environment-analysis/ Before you begin this assignment, be sure you have read the “UMUC Haircuts Case Study” and be sure to take a look at the “Walmart Example.” Overview of Business Environment Analysis for UMUC Haircuts UMUC Haircuts has been in business since 1995 and has seen an increase in competition from a variety of competitors, as described in the Case Study. With the news that a Hair Cuttery is likely to open only five miles away, Myra, the owner of UMUC Haircuts, is concerned and has begun analyzing her situation and what could be done to remain competitive in this changing environment. She has recognized that scheduling her employees and her customers is causing her problems, and she thinks she should focus on that first, as it is fundamental to her business. Myra also believes that there must be a technology solution that could help her run her salon, but she has no idea where to start. You are a Systems Analyst, and Myra has asked you to help her with determining how she can improve her business. Myra has requested, specifically, that youverify and provide added support to her own analysis that has resulted in the identification of a Strategy for Competitive Advantage and a Business Process for Improvement. This will be the basis for defining business and systems requirements for an IT solution.This Strategy and IT Solution...
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...performance management process, suggest the key processes that DSM needs to provide within its system in order to successfully link its key success factors (KSF). Provide a rationale for your suggestions. Dutch State Mines (DSM) originated in 1902 as a state owned mining company. The company has continued to evolve from petrochemicals business to a commodity chemicals business and now a specialties company. Its current fields include health, nutrition, and materials with a net worth of $9 billion annually. Similar to many other organizations that have withstood the test of time, DSM endured constant reinvention and up until the early 90s operated a traditional strategic planning process that included planning and budget cycles. Eventually this outdated process became too much of a routine and needed to be revamped. The company recognized that their strategic development was of poor quality, the link between strategy and performance wasn’t clear, and its strategies mainly focused on cost reduction. To enhance the quality of strategy development process, a new approach called the Business Strategy Dialogue (BSD) was introduced. This led to Corporate Strategy Dialogue (CSD) which proposed improvement of the corporate development processes. This initiative was part of the “Vision 2005: Focus and Value” campaign that was initiated to modernize the organization’s development processes to ensure alignment between strategies. An effective performance management process links the goals and...
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...The Strategic Management Process 2.2 Stages of the Strategic Management Process and Contribution to Strategic Management Process 2.3 Definition of Strategic Analysis and Component 2.4 Techniques for Analyzing the External Environment 2.5 Techniques for Analyzing the Internal Environment 2.6 Roles of SWOT Analysis in Strategic Analysis 3.0 Strategy Formulation, Evaluation and Choice 3.1 Strategy Formulation stage and Contribution to Three-stage Strategic Management Process 3.2 Key Differences between Business Strategy and Corporate Strategy 3.3 Implications of Differences for Strategy Formulation 3.4 Key Differences between the Market Positioning and Resource-Based Strategy 3.5 Strengths and Weaknesses of Porter’s Generic Strategies 3.6 Resource-Based Approach Implications for Business strategy 3.7 Industry Lifecycle and Market Turbulence Implications for Business Strategy 3.8 Corporate Level Strategy Decisions 3.9 Relevant Growth Strategies to Qatar Airways 3.10 Advantages and Disadvantages of Related and Unrelated Diversification 3.11 Important Strategies to Qatar Airways 3.12 Portfolio Analysis 3.13 Aspects of International Strategy that are Relevant to Qatar Airways 3.14 International Strategies that are Appropriate 3.15 Market Penetration Strategies that are Appropriate 3.16 Evaluation Technique of Best Strategy to Adopt 4.0 Strategy Implementation 4.1 Resourcing of Strategy 4.2 Suitability of...
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...Management and newly appointed CEO Michael Jordan, provide a new corporate vision and strategy to improve profits, and increase productivity. In this essay I will discuss the relationship, similarities and differences between IT strategy and Business strategy. Information Technology (IT) is a vital component to any successful business. IT Strategy focuses on how to make IT work for businesses and advance the business performance alongside examining ways of exploiting the full potential of information systems from existing and new IT products. Successful businesses now view IT as a tool to serves as a foundation of both operational excellence and competitive advantage. Frito-Lay used IT to improve sales management processes and to make the information readily available to its sales staff. 1-Identify and describe the overlap between the IT strategy and Frito-Lay business strategy. Frito-Lay management realized that the paper-based method of keeping inventory was inaccurate, wasted time, money and product. The overall strategy was to increase the efficiency of the sales operations process by implementing of The IT strategy is similar to Frito Lay business strategy business although the focus is specifically on technology. It is important to plan ahead for the development of your IT systems, which will need to be able to grow and adapt to any changes in business. The business and IT strategies overlap in the following instances: ✓ Using technology to improve sales operations...
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...management process is made up of four elements: situation analysis, strategy formulation, strategy implementation, and strategy evaluation. These elements are steps that are performed, in order, when developing a new strategic management plan. Situation Analysis The situation analysis provides the information necessary to create a company mission statement. Situation analysis involves "scanning and evaluating the organizational context, the external environment, and the organizational environment" (Coulter, 2005). This analysis can be performed using several techniques. Observation and communication are two very effective methods. To begin this process, organizations should observe the internal company environment. This includes employee interaction with other employees, employee interaction with management, manager interaction with other managers, and management interaction with shareholders. In addition, discussions, interviews, and surveys can be used to analyse the internal environment. Organizations also need to analyse the external environment. This would include customers, suppliers, creditors, and competitors. Several questions can be asked which may help analyse the external environment. It examines the company’s relationship with its customers and its suppliers. It also seeks to find out if the company have a good rapport with its creditors, if it’s actively trying to increase the value of the business for its shareholders and who the competition is. Strategy Formulation ...
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