...Ethical Business Practices Lead to Labor Union Free Organizations UMUC October 30, 2011 The headlines read, “Wal-Mart greenwashing: Workers pay the price”. This articles discusses how Wal-Mart advertises that their Love, Earth jewelry line is made in conditions that favor workers and the environment, when in all actuality the metal comes from mines that are not environmentally friendly, the product is not gold its anatomy is greenwash, and the workers receive insufficient pay, strip searches are conduct upon exiting the building, discouraged from attending night school because it interferes with work, and work in very un-sanitized conditions. The unethical treatments don’t stop there, the supervisors contently looks over the shoulders of the employees to ensure they are constantly working and not stealing any of the materials (Miami NewTimes, 2011). Then again on the internet we read, “Countrywide Financial faces unethical business practices prosecution. The article goes on to talk about how Countrywide is accused of using misleading marketing to sell mortgages packed with hidden fees and risky terms to dominate the US home loans industry. They used unfair and deceptive lending practices to steer borrowers into loans that they could not afford. They did this by putting borrowers in homes they could not afford by exaggerating their income. Since the managers of Countrywide decided to make unethical business decisions over 35% of the mortgage loans approved were in default. Their...
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...Doing business in a currency union Advantages of the currency union: • It is a horizontal integration • Increased efficiency in resource allocation • Easy access to labor markets • Easy access to financial markets • Prospective higher income per capita • Prospective lower inflation rate • Prospective significant increase in trade • Elimination of foreign exchange fees for inter-regional transactions • Reduced accounting costs • Reduced time and costs for inter-regional cross-border payments • Economies of scale • Reduced possibility of speculators to affect prices • Enhanced use of money as unit of account and payment system • Confidence in predictability of rates • Liquidity • Network economies Disadvantages of the currency union: • Countries cannot unilaterally change the value of the currency they use • Each central bank lost the ability to take unilateral monetary measures, i.e. there is no lender-of-last-resort in case of a crisis, or control over inflation in a crisis • Spillover costs, where some countries can incur spillovers of imbalances from the other countries of the union; dangerous especially in difficult situations • The plans for economic convergence is actually not implemented yet • Fiscal discipline and monetary cooperation is not used by all members Planning the business: • The company needs to identify its strategic risk (product, production and transport, commercial, adverse business, political, currency) and create a strategy...
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...AKRAB BERSAMA SANDI MATEMATIKA Oleh : Fithri Angelia Permana, S.Si (WI LPMP NAD) Apakah matematika ilmu yang 'sulit'? Secara umum, semakin kompleks suatu fenomena, semakin kompleks pula alat (dalam hal ini jenis matematika) yang melalui berbagai perumusan (model matematikanya) diharapkan mampu untuk mendapatkan atau sekedar mendekati solusi eksak seakurat-akuratnya.Jadi tingkat kesulitan suatu jenis atau cabang matematika bukan disebabkan oleh jenis atau cabang matematika itu sendiri, tetapi disebabkan oleh sulit dan kompleksnya fenomena yang solusinya diusahakan dicari atau didekati oleh perumusan (model matematikanya) dengan menggunakan jenis atau cabang matematika tersebut. Sebaliknya berbagai fenomena fisik yg mudah di amati, misalnya jumlah penduduk di seluruh Indonesia, tak memerlukan jenis atau cabang matematika yang canggih. Kemampuan aritmatika sudah cukup untuk mencari solusi (jumlah penduduk) dengan keakuratan yang cukup tinggi.Dalam matematika sering digunakan simbol-simbol yang umum dikenal oleh matematikawan. Sering kali pengertian simbol ini tidak dijelaskan, karena dianggap maknanya telah diketahui. Hal ini kadang menyulitkan bagi mereka yang awam. Daftar berikut ini berisi banyak simbol beserta artinya. Matematika sebagai bahasa Di manakah letak semua konsep-konsep matematika, misalnya letak bilangan 1? Banyak para pakar matematika, misalnya para pakar Teori Model (lihat model matematika) yg juga mendalami filosofi di balik konsep-konsep matematika bersepakat...
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...E-commerce entails the use of the Internet in the marketing, identification, payment and delivery of goods and services. This paper highlights the status, statutes, potential and constraints to e-commerce development in Bangladesh. Both the statutory laws as well as the challenges in implementing them are discussed. Major legal, regulatory and institutional constraints to e-commerce are identified. The paper also lists specific policy changes aimed at bringing improvements to the legal and regulatory environment affecting e-commerce. Dimensions of E-Commerce The three dimensions of e-commerce are Business-to-Consumers (B2C), Business-to Business (B2B) and Business-to-Government (B2G). B2C e-commerce is unlikely to be of much use in the near future in Bangladesh because of low per capita income, a weak infrastructural and legal environment, lack of trust between business and consumers. B2C for cross border trade is also limited by the factors suggested for the domestic front. In addition, non-availability of international credit cards, foreign currency remittance restrictions, delays and informal payments at customs clearance even for small value and quantity items will discourage B2C. The B2B application already exists in the export sector of Bangladesh, especially in the Ready Made Garments (RMG) industry. RMG has the lion’s share of the export earnings in Bangladesh. The RMG sector has begun to use the Internet, and its dependence on ecommerce is likely to grow...
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...1. Introduction This paper presents and discusses how an entrepreneur in this ever changing world strives to become an international firm. This case study of an Omani firm Renaissance Services SAOG (hereafter, Services) explains and shows us the growth on international scale of a family owned business. In order to understand the case, several key components were identified, and were analyzed to see its text book validity. Each component is critically analyzed as the case study progresses. 1.1Introduction of the Firm As an entrepreneurial firm in 1996, Services has progressed immensely across the globe. Its chairman and founder Samir Fancy had a crystal clear vision and by disclosing it to every Tom, Dick and Harry of the firm, Services gradually progressed on international level. The firm is primarily an oil and gas industry services company, and is listed on the Muscat Securities Market in Oman. It has an excellent offshore fleet of vessels, and is counted among the world’s top ten in providing global oil and gas industry service. According to its official website (http://www.renaissanceoman.com), Services has over 12,000 employs, operating in over 16 countries. The 2012 revenue of the firm was US$ 0.67 Billion. Apart from this sector, Services also engages in several other services related sectors, such as marine engineering, media communication, and also engages itself in education and training. The firm also engages itself in Corporate Social Responsibility, by...
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...The Growth of Alibaba pg.8-pg.10 * Alibaba Business Model pg.11 * Five Forces Analysis pg.12-pg.13 * Present the Corporation Now pg.13 * Business Environment pg.14-pg.15 * The Financial Analysis pg.17-pg.18 * SWOT Analysis pg.19 * Recommendation for Alibaba pg.20 * Conclusion pg.20 * References pg.21 Definition * E-commerce Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce or eCommerce, is a type of industry where the buying and selling of products or services is conducted over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at least at one point in the transaction’s life-cycle, although it may encompass a wider range of technologies such as e-mail, mobile devices, social media, and telephones as well. Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-business. It also consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of business transactions. This is an effective and efficient way of communicating...
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...respective fields, but also the politics that affected every American from every social class. Big business of the Gilded Age was almost the same as a dictatorship. The big business of the post Civil War Gilded Age not only influenced the economy of that time, but the politics as well. These effects of the growth of big business also caused a wide range of commotion in response to it. The formation of several big businesses following the American Civil War obviously had a huge impact on the economy. This boom in business was mostly concentrated in big cities, but affected rural areas as well. Document 1 shows that the big business boom brought down the overall price of living. This seems like a very good thing for the Americans at the time, but most were unhappy. They were unhappy because big businesses made it difficult for small businesses, so a lot of them went out of business. This was because the big businesses had so much power and with the high demand for jobs, they could afford to treat workers badly. This caused a lot of workers to become unhappy, so labor unions were formed to combat this poor treatment put on the workers. Document 6 tells of the goals these unions wanted. It says that they demand a reduction in the hours they are forced to work, they should not be treated as property, but as human beings, and that worker safety should be improved. These labor unions constantly fought big businesses for the rights of the workers. With this time came a strong spirit...
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...Business What is Business? Business is the study of how businesses are set up, financed, organized and controlled, how people are employed, managed and paid, how goods are developed, produced and sold, how goods and services are priced and how the local, national and international government help or hinder businesses.ñ1 In studying the setting up of a business there are many aspects that need to be considered. Such as the type of business ownership which are suitable for the entrepreneur, where the capital will be coming from, what goods or services could be considered to sell and where the business should be located. The extensive amount of research, which is carried out before the business operates, is also studied. There are many sources of finance open to the entrepreneur, which also need to be studied in depth. The business owner has to set the right price for its goods or services ^? a price which is of convenience to the consumer and which is affordable for the owner. This is possible by using break-even analysis, and again market research. Owners of businesses need to constantly consider the financial situation of the firm this may include constructing various balance sheets and a monthly/annually profit and loss account ^? construction of these are important in business. Charts and graphs are also constructed so that the state of the business can be analyzed in depth. Labor in a business involves many aspects. The recruitment of new employees ^? from the advertising...
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...-organisations are made up at least 2 people. They have purposes, they use resources, to achieve the purposes. They perform activities in a planned and controlled manner. -the common characteristics of organisations are as follow: -each has an identity_ such as name -each has a purpose or objective_ such as written constitution -each relies of people to achieve objectives -each has a form of structure co-ordinating the people in the achievement of their tasks. Types of organisations There are different types of organisations: 1-Sole traders 2-The partnership 3-Companies 4-Franchising The sole trader The sole trader is the most common form of business ownership and is found in a wide range of activities (e.g. window cleaning, plumbing, electrical work, busking). No complicated paperwork is required to set up a sole trader business. Decisions can be made quickly and close contact can be kept with customers and employees. All profits go to the sole trade. But there are disadvantages. As a sole trader you have to make all the decisions yourself, and you may have to work long hours (what do you do if you are ill or want a holiday?) You do not have limited liability, and you have to provide all the finance yourself. As a sole trader you need to be a jack-of-all-trades, and just because you are a good...
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...Business Ownership P1 Organisation 1 – NHS The NHS is a national public sector health service maintained and paid for by the UK. The NHS was founded in 1948 in an attempt by the then heath secretary, Aneurin Bevan, to bring good healthcare to all. It was founded to provide affordable healthcare to the citizens of the UK who need it. Today the NHS has a very good reputation as it continues to provide good healthcare to those in need, they currently employ over 1.6 million government people to achieve this endeavour. The NHS is a national business as it only operates in the UK and only provides its services to those living in the UK. It only operates in the tertiary sector as they provide a service for the public but do not manufacture, sell or harvest raw materials. Because it is a public business it doesn’t make a profit instead it uses it’s funding to help with the financial burden of medical procedures. There are down sides to this for example the NHS don’t always have the most up to date equipment. Because the service is maintained and paid for by the government they are the ones that will be held liable for any problems with the way the NHS runs or if it overspends. The NHS is limited by their annual budget for the year 2015 their budget was £115 Billion. Organisation 2 - Starbucks Starbucks Coffee is a privately owned American global coffee company and coffeehouse chain. Public limited companies become a legal entity whose assets and liability are separate from their...
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...includes those players whose decisions and actions have a direct impact on the company. Production and selling of commodities are the two important aspects of modern business. Accordingly, the micro environment of business can be divided. The various constituents of micro environment are as under: Suppliers of inputs: An important factor in the external micro environment of a firm is the supplier of its inputs such as raw materials and components. Normally, most firms do not depend on a single supplier of inputs. To reduce risk and uncertainty business firms prefer to keep multiple suppliers of inputs. Customers: The people who buy and use a firm’s product and services are an important part of external micro environment. Since sales of a product or service is critical for a firm's survival and growth, it is necessary to keep the customers satisfied. A concern for customers’ satisfaction is essential for the success of a business firms. Besides, a business firm has to compete with rival firms to attract customers and thereby increase the demand and market for its product. Marketing intermediaries: In the firm's external micro environment, marketing intermediaries play an essential role of selling and distributing its products to the final customers. Marketing provides an important link between a business firm and its ultimate customers. Competitors: Different firms in an industry compete with each other for sale of their products. This competition may be on the basis...
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...stake-holders? Stake-holders are any individuals, organizations and companies’s interested in the business section and are affected by the business activities. Internal stake-holders are groups within the business; On the other hand, External stake-holders are those outside the business, for example, the community. Internal stake-holders consist of: Owners: Interested in making profit and are most likely to look in to the topic of how much profit is made with in the business. Managers: Concerned about gaining and earning a good salary. Workers: Wanting to keep their jobs and earn high pay. External Stakeholders are: Customers: Wanting Quality products at Reasonable pricing. Community: Hold a position in the business as employers of local people. Alongside this, the activity’s of business’s also have an affect on the surrounding environment and environment it self. Suppliers: who want the business to keep buying their products and materials in order to run. Money lenders: Who want repaying on time. Different stake-holders have different aims and objectives in which conflicts can arise. A small business has Primary stake-holders which are considered important. Those are the owners, managers, workers and customers. Where as, the large company have share-holders which are considered to be the primary stake-holders, they are enabled to vote out and in who they want when business is down in the falls. Those stake-holders who have less influence within this are known to be...
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...domestic or international managing their business in a international level is very competitive and extremely challenging. Global Competition simply means selling products or doing business internationally within the United States and other countries. This brings the advantage of a much bigger target audience for any company trying to offer goods or services. Of course there are many obstacles along the way of becoming a global competitive business including labor, unions and regulations and most importantly some ethical decisions as well. The management team is faced with the decision makings and business strategy when it comes to labor and cost and being part of a global market that is to be one of the most important aspects. Many corporations may also try to reach global competition for different reasons. For example, some domestic companies find a better consumers out side of United States, or they merge with other European corporations to expand their provide world wide, and many companies as we know expand their companies internationally for cheaper labor and less regulations. “Companies market goods and services across borders using the Internet. That means you may find welcome markets far from your doorstep.” (Johnston) Internet makes it possible for even smaller businesses to be able to ship and get in touch with consumers around the world, this would apply to smaller business shipping goods without worrying about labor and union laws and without establishing a location...
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...1. What is a social enterprise? Social enterprises are private organisations that are run along business lines, but where any profits are reinvested into the community, or into social or environmental projects 2. How do the aims of a social enterprise differ from those of a PLC? Examples of social enterprises include cooperatives, credit unions and housing associations. These businesses are run like any other commercial business however all profits earned by the business go back to the business to help achieve its social or environmental objectives. The aims of social enterprise are to achieve its social or environmental goals that have been set out. The aims of a plc are different in the sense that they have set out targets of which they need to achieve to make `money (profit) for the company. 3. What happens to the profits made by the Fifteen Foundation? All profits generated by the restaurant go straight back into the scheme to help train other disadvantaged young people 4. Explain the difference between an aim and an objective. A business aim is the goal set out for the business to achieve, the business objective is when the business will achieve the targets set out and how long it will take them to so. 5. Why might winning the “green crown” be likely to increase Dell’s sales? Winning the green crown would be likely to increase Dell’s sales as it would mean that they have the most environmentally friendly products and people would want...
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...economic system is capitalism, also known as a “private enterprise system” or a “free market system” and is based on private ownership, economic freedom, and fair competition. (Kelly and McGowen, 2012) We are free to start a business and keep our profits and have fair competition. This helps the economy grow by putting money back into people’s pockets which results in saving money and spending more money on products and services and this makes the economy. Businesses have to be fair and competitive in pricing and with the products they sell. You can buy milk from any grocery store but the store with the best price on their milk is going to be more attractive. Nonprofits and for-profit organizations both play an important role in the economy, both in similar and different ways. Both organizations contribute to the community and they often do that by working together. Nonprofits are business-like establishments, but their primary goals do not include profits. (Kelly and McGowen, 2012) Nonprofits are not in business to make money, but they do provide goods and services like any for-profit business. Both businesses and nonprofits rely on factors of production to achieve their objectives. (Kelly & McGowen 2012) They both make and need money to stay in business and to...
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