...The Consumers’ Right Protection Act, 2009 (Act No. 26 of 2009) 6th April, 2009 An Act to make provisions for the protection of the rights of the consumers, prevention of anti-consumer right practices and for matters connected therewith. Whereas it is expedient and necessary to make provisions for the protection of the rights of the consumers, prevention of anti-consumer right practices and for matters connected therewith; It is hereby enacted as follows Chapter I Preliminary 1. Short title and commencement: (1) This Act may be called the Consumers’ Right Protection Act, 2009. (2) It shall come into force at once. 2. Definitions: In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or context- (1) “Directorate” means the Directorate of National Consumers’ Right Protection established under section 18; (2) “Complaint” means any allegation made in writing by a complainant to the Director General against any seller for any anti-consumer right practice under this Act. (3) “Complainant” means the following person or persons who make any complaint under this Act, namely: (a) any consumer; (b) one or more consumers having same interest; (c) any consumer association registered under any Act; ...
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...W A T S O N H A L L UK data retention requirements information data retention and disposal Watson Hall Ltd London 020 7183 3710 Edinburgh 0131 510 2001 info@watsonhall.com www.watsonhall.com Each type of data within an organisation should be identified and classified. Once this has been completed and during periodic reviews, it is necessary to define the retention and disposal policy. Business data records should be assessed for the statutory and legal requirements, business and accountability requirements and the risks associated with keeping or disposing of the data records. A records management system or schedule of data retention criteria can be used to document the data records, the requirements and the security controls needed for their identification, storage, protection, retrieval, retention and disposal. There are a large number of statutes, case law and regulations defining how long some data must be kept for before it is destroyed — some of which are outlined on the following pages. A few requirements such as records of wages apply to almost all sectors, but we have listed some specific requirements for the communications, financial and governmental sectors. Other sectors have equally important requirements. The exact minimum retention period varies with the specific data type, and the starting date is often context related e.g. period from an event like an accident, retirement or the advertisement of a product. This document is based on the previous work...
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...Information Technology Acts Paper Esan Williams BIS/220 June 11, 2012 Professor Evie Garrreau Advances in information technology (IT) are meant to improve various aspects of life. Unfortunately, IT advances are resulting in a growing amount of ethical issues. The major ethical issues associated with IT advancements are privacy, property, accuracy, and ease of access to sensitive information. Privacy can easily be breached when information is stored in databases and shared over networks. Ethical issues due to advances in IT call for the creation of new acts to protect consumers. The Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) of 1991 and the Do Not Call Implementation Act of 2003 are two perfect examples of Acts being created as direct results of IT advancements coupled with ethical issues. The advances in information technology that resulted in new ethical issues necessitating the creation of the TCPA of 1991 and the Do Not Call Implementation Act of 2003 consisted of computer networks, predominantly the Internet, allowing organizations to collect, combine, store, and share massive amounts of data on institutions, groups, even individuals (Rainer & Cegielski, 2011). Access to specific consumer demographic information basically became potential leads for telemarketing organizations. Once the leads were accessed, telemarketing businesses used call centers to push the products or services they sold. IT advances forced Congress’ hand to offer some semblance...
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...Running Head: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACTS Information Technology Acts BIS/220 The Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) and Do Not Call Implementation Act are two necessary laws that help protect the consumers. These were put in place to prevent harassment to the consumer. The technology in telecommunication has improved in so many ways that rules were a must in the growing out of control Telemarketing industry. The rules were basic and simple in a couple ways, and with the rule made this industry more ethical and tolerable by the consumers. The TCPA made the rules of calls are only aloud between the hours of 8:00 am to 9:00pm local times. Another is there is not mechanical voices allowed. The Do Not Call Implementation Act goes hand in hand with TCPA. The List was signed in by President Bush on Sept 2003. This would allow the consumer the ability to get on the do not call list for 5 years. Then in 2007 it was changed that once on the list you did not come off. Before the rules came into effect the telecommunication industry was able to do whatever it wanted and with no cost to consumer wellbeing. They would call at any hour of the day even sometimes from different time zones. Making them the most despised industry in the word. But the corporate world and owners did not care because this was a Billion dollar industry. With that type of money the better the technology became and the more money they made. But thanks...
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...Information Technology Acts Paper Mary Pickens BIS/220 September 6, 2012 Arthur Ward Information Technology Acts Paper There were many advances in the information technology industry that resulted in new ethical and legal issues deeming it necessary for the government to create and also implement Acts. The two that will be discussed in this paper are the Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970 and the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) of 1991. This paper will explain why these Acts were created and what they are to protect against. The Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970 was created to promote accuracy, fairness, and the right to privacy of personal information assembled by Credit Reporting Agencies. These agencies create and compile information into reports on individuals and companies for businesses who may be issuing lines of credit or any other business dealing with lending money or receiving payments. Requesting these credit reports include organizations such as credit card companies, banks, employers, and in many cases landlords. What the Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970 does is provides important protection for consumer investigatory reports, credit reports, and employment background checks. The Act was created due to the growth of the Retail credit industry and their ability to buy many of the smaller credit reporting agencies that were now expanding their business to insurers and employers. This gave them the power to deny services and opportunities...
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...Don’t Call Implementation Act, 2003 And Telephone Consumer Protection Act, 1988 Bryan Allen BIS/220 December 11th, 2012 Jadie Giorgis Has there ever been a time when dinner is just about to start and in the middle of saying prayer the phone rings? Dad gets up to answer the phone and on the other end is a telemarketer. The telemarketer is trying to sell something and dad isn’t interested; its dinner time he says, or maybe it is some voice recording selling something. It has happened to just about everyone. Because there have been advances in information technology; the result has been the creation of Acts of Congress to address the ethical issues which could violate our right to privacy. In this essay two Acts will be discussed: The Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 and The Do Not Call Implementation Act of 2003. Both acts have to deal with our rights to privacy. “In 1991, Congress passed the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA), the first federal law regulating the actions of legitimate telemarketers. Its purpose is to strike a balance between protecting the rights of consumers and allowing businesses to use telemarketing effectively. Regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), this law requires telemarketers to formalize their existing policies and, where necessary, create new ones to bring their operations into compliance with the following main restrictions” (code of ethics, 2005)...
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...Quit calling and annoying me David Vickrey BIS/220 March 6, 2014 University of Phoenix Quit calling and annoying me Advances in Information Technology (IT) are meant to improve certain aspects within our lives. However, IT advances are resulting in a growing amount of ethical issues. Access to specific consumer demographic information basically became potential leads for telemarketing organizations. Once these leads were accessed, telemarketing businesses used call centers to push the products or services they sold. The ethical issues associated with IT advancements are ease of access to sensitive information, privacy, property and accuracy. Ethical issues due to advances in IT called for the creation of new acts to protect consumers. The Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) of 1991 and the Do Not Call Implementation Act of 2003 are two examples of Acts created as direct results of IT advancements coupled with ethical issues. The TCPA, enacted by Congress in 1991, restricts the making of telemarketing calls and the use of automatic telephone dialing systems and artificial or prerecorded voice messages. The rules apply to common carriers as well as to other marketers. In 1992, the Commission adopted rules to implement the TCPA, including the requirement that entities making telephone solicitations institute procedures for maintaining company-specific do-not-call lists. In 2003, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) revised its TCPA rules to establish...
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...Computer Communication Acts Carla Brooks BIS/ 220 October 8, 2012 Professor W. Paul Borowski Have you ever been sitting at home at dinnertime and the phone rings? Everyone jumps to get the phone; on the other end of the line is a person trying to sell you windows, doors, or something else. It is one of the most annoying phones calls of the day because, that is the time of day that everyone is sitting down and relaxing and being a family. There are two acts in place to help with the calls from telemarketers. Unfortunately, there are rules to every act and they may not stop all telemarketing calls but will help with them. One act is the “Do not Call Implementation Act of 2003” and the other is the “Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) of 1991. The Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 also known as the United States Congress passed TCPA in 1991. President George H. W. Bush signed act and passed as a law but it was a revision of the Communications Act of 1934. The TCPA act helps with the restricting telephone calls from solicitors and the use of automated telephone equipment. As time progress and new advancements made in the communication world amendments’ will continue to made to these types of acts. In 1991, Congress passed the TCPA due to the advancement in communication technologies such as the automatic dialing systems, artificial or prerecorded voice messages, SMS text messages, and fax machines. (Wikipedia, 2012) The advances in communication that brought...
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...Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA), 1991 Juel A. Todman BIS/220 Introduction to Computer Application and Systems June 16, 2014 Dr. David Wagner Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA), 1991 Advances in Information Technology have made access to sensitive information with great concern. Privacy has to be paramount as the internet broadens its horizon strategically. Various acts had to be implemented to protect the privacy of individuals. The act that I am going to talk about is the Telephone Consumer Act of 1991, (TPCA). The Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 was passed and enacted by Congress, in response to consumer concerns about the growing number of unsolicited telephone calls by telemarketers and the increasing use of automated and prerecorded messages. In response, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) adopted rules that require anyone making telephone solicitation calls to your home must provide their names, and the name of the person or company on whose behalf the call was being made. The rules also prohibited telephone solicitation calls to your home before 8 am or after 9 pm, and required telemarketers to comply with any do-not-call request you make directly to the caller during the solicitation call. The implementation of the National Do-Not-Call Registry informed Telemarketers that they had up to 31 days from the day you registered your telephone number to remove it from their call lists. In June 2003, the FCC supplemented...
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...Information Technology Acts Essay Any Name BIS/220 #1 March 2, 2011 Your Instructor Information technology is forever advancing, especially when it involves telecommunications and protecting consumers from unwanted telemarketing calls. In the late 1980s I acquired my first customer service representative position with a major telecommunications company. My job was to contact “cold call” customers to offer products and services on behalf of their Account Representative. There was not a customer database for telemarketing at that time; the information technology tool used consisted of a list of business names and telephone numbers. This information was retrieved and available for anyone who chose to purchase from list service to use with the intent of telemarketing. Although this appeared to be an unethical business practice, it was legal because if the consumers name and numbers were sold to list services. Something had to be done to prevent unsolicited phone calls and to protect consumers from these unethical business practices. The Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA), 1991 was implemented to regulate unwanted advertising calls and fax telemarketer calls. This was necessary because consumers would receive prerecorded and unidentified calls from companies in which they have had no prior business dealings with all times of the day and evening on both their landline and fax line. According to Senator Fritz Hollings (2009), the bill’s original sponsor, said,...
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...Computer Communication Acts Carla Brooks BIS/ 220 October 8, 2012 Professor W. Paul Borowski Have you ever been sitting at home at dinnertime and the phone rings? Everyone jumps to get the phone; on the other end of the line is a person trying to sell you windows, doors, or something else. It is one of the most annoying phones calls of the day because, that is the time of day that everyone is sitting down and relaxing and being a family. There are two acts in place to help with the calls from telemarketers. Unfortunately, there are rules to every act and they may not stop all telemarketing calls but will help with them. One act is the “Do not Call Implementation Act of 2003” and the other is the “Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) of 1991. The Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 also known as the United States Congress passed TCPA in 1991. President George H. W. Bush signed act and passed as a law but it was a revision of the Communications Act of 1934. The TCPA act helps with the restricting telephone calls from solicitors and the use of automated telephone equipment. As time progress and new advancements made in the communication world amendments’ will continue to made to these types of acts. In 1991, Congress passed the TCPA due to the advancement in communication technologies such as the automatic dialing systems, artificial or prerecorded voice messages, SMS text messages, and fax machines. (Wikipedia, 2012) The advances in communication that brought...
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...The Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 (TCPA) was established to protect people from the increasingly intrusive methods employed by telemarketers. Information technology advances such as auto-dialers, predictive dialers, and automated faxes made it easier to reach large numbers of businesses and households in a relatively short time. These methods were not only highly annoying to consumers, but through the use of these devices, telemarketing companies were also passing some of the cost of marketing onto the consumer. Consumers on the receiving end of numerous calls from various companies throughout the day were spending time that could have been spent in other activities and were rightly frustrated about the loss of their time. In the case of automated faxes, resources such as paper, ink, and even the data connection being used to receive what is essentially junk mail was a cost the consumer had no way to avoid. Fortunately, lawmakers responded to this unethical action of telemarketing companies with the TCPA. Specifically, the law makes it illegal to use auto-dialers and pre-recorded voice messages to make sales calls to emergency phone lines, medical offices, hospital rooms, homes for the elderly, paging services, or cellular phones. It also requires the recipient of pre-recorded telemarketing calls to give prior consent to receive the calls. It also made it illegal to send unsolicited fax messages. The law also gave states their own authority to regulate...
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...Information Technology Acts Paper Joe Thomas BIS/220 August 21, 2012 Information Technology Acts Paper The computer and fraud and Abuse Act was established in 1986. This act replaces the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Act Of 1968. This act only protected those communications that were heard by a land phone, or by someone talking and being overheard. The computer and Fraud and Abuse Act was intended to extend federal wiretap laws to too new forms of communication (US Government,1968). The law intended to reduce the cracking of computer systems and address the computer related offences. The act governs cases where new technology that is used by the federal or state governments, or certain financial institution are involved where the crime is interstate or where computers are used in interstate or foreign commerce. Since the act was established in 1986 alterations have been made to allow for the expansion of protection to computer terminals and networks in both the private and commercial sectors. The purpose of this is to not allow any foreign software where the intent is to harm the computer. It also does not allow a foreign party to access the computer to gain any information that is not permitted. The Do-Not-Call implementation Act of 2003 was passed to protect consumers from unwanted calls from telemarketers. The Federal Trade Commission may impose fees to enforce the provisions relating to the “do-not-call” registry of the Telemarketing Sales Rule, promulgated...
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...like privacy, property, and accuracy, as people began to share their personal data over networks. These major issues brought new laws to defend consumers, for example The Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) of 1991, and the Do Not Call Implementation Act of 2003 form after Information Technology began to grow so fast creating ethical issues over customers information shared on networks. The new laws Telephone Consumer Protection Act 1991 and Do Not Call Implementation Act 2003 were necessary as information technology progress creating ethical issues over the years. References: Introduction to Information Systems: Enabling and Transforming Business, 3rd Edition R. Kelly Rainer, Casey G. Cegielski ©2011 Advances in information technology (IT) are meant to improve various aspects of life. Unfortunately, IT advances are resulting in a growing amount of ethical issues. The major ethical issues associated with IT advancements are privacy, property, accuracy, and ease of access to sensitive information. Privacy can easily be breached when information is stored in databases and shared over networks. Ethical issues due to advances in IT call for the creation of new acts to protect consumers. The Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) of 1991 and the Do Not Call Implementation Act of 2003 are two perfect examples of Acts being created as direct results of IT advancements coupled with ethical issues. The advances in information technology that resulted in new...
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...Technology Acts Jeff Coufal BIS/220 11-07-2012 Steven Posey Information Technology Acts The telephone was invented in 1870; it was a major technological breakthrough. Before the telephone the telegraph was widely used but communication was limited to the dot and dash Morse code. By developing infrastructure through the years the telephone has become a convenient and effective method of communication. Eventually it was common for households to have a telephone. This provided a new method of advertising and increased sales opportunities for business. According to "Callcentrehelper" (n.d.), “Call centers were first utilized in the mid-1960’s, Private Automated Business Exchanges (PABX) began to be used to handle large numbers of customer contacts” (Early Automatic Call Distributors (ACD)). As the call centers became more sophisticated the telemarketing became an annoyance to both families and businesses. In response to the overuse of telemarketing, two critical pieces of legislation passed, the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) of 1991 and Do Not Call Implementation Act of 2003. These two pieces of legislation complement each other. The Do Not Call Implementation Act provided the public the opportunity to add their telephone number to The National Do Not Call Registry. This registry is managed and enforced by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). The Do Not Call legislation provides a national data base and the Telephone Consumer Protection Act restricts...
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