...and Finance AF 4331 Business Valuation 2015/2016 Semester One Course Outline Subject Code : AF4331 Subject Title : Business Valuation Level : 4 Credits : 3 Mode of Study : Seminars 39 hours Pre-requisites : Corporate Finance (AF4320) Instructor ; Emmie SIU Office Phone : 27666340 E-mail : emmie.siu@polyu.edu.hk Consultation : Monday 2:30 pm to 6:30 pm Role and Purpose This subject aims to introduce an analytical framework for carrying out business analysis and valuation by using financial statements for valuing different kind of businesses. It contributes to the achievement of the BBA Programme Outcomes by enabling students to identify and resolve ethical issues contained in the financial statements (Outcome 4), apply basic accounting and financial theories to analyze financial reports and to identify potential problems and risks (Outcome 7). By the end of this subject, students will become a professional user of financial statements to advance further into the field of business valuation as investment analysis. It requires students to present and communicate effectively in English for general business communication (Outcome 1). Learning Outcomes Upon completion of the subject, students will be able to: a. Develop the ability to critically assess a firm’s financial condition through analyzing...
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...Equity Valuation and Analysis – Lundholm & Sloan Chapter 1 - Introduction Focus of the Book – Equity Valuation Business Activities Operating Investing Financing Equity Valuation Theory Dividend Discounting Model o The value of an equity security is equal to the present value of the future cash flows that it will generate o Where Value0 = Value of equity at time 0 Cash Dividendt = expected amount of cash dividends to be paid in period t r = discount rate (cost of capital) Chapter 1 Equity Valuation and Analysis Page 1 of 5 o Modified Model o Where all from except Stock Repurchasest = expected amount of cash to be paid in period t Equity Issuancest = expected amount of cash to be raised via equity issuances in period t o Of course the challenge is the estimated of the amount and timing of the cash flows So where do financial statements fit into all of this? o Provide a record of the past operating, investing and financing decisions and their cash flow effects o Provide a beginning point for forecasting the future Chapter 1 Equity Valuation and Analysis Page 2 of 5 Equity Analysis Process Step 1 - Understading the Past Step 2- Forecasting the Future Step 3 - Valuation • Information Collection • Understanidng the Business • Accounting Analysis • Financial Ratio Analysis • Cash Flow Analysis • Structured Forecasting • Income Statement Forecasts • Balance Sheet Forecasts • Cash Flow Forecasts • Cost of Capital • Valuation Models •...
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...paper is to examine the various valuation factors that affect the financial performance of a particular company. This paper also includes research which involves a current literature review about the possible causes of both positive and negative outcomes of a company’s financial performance. The methodology used is qualitative research. The major findings entail that the nature of the business and its history is the greatest factor that most likely should be the central focus of the business itself. It can then be realized that the company’s value can be best assessed once it is determined that it has stayed in the industry for a long period of time. Introduction The business industry, above all else, is considerably one of the most complicated sectors of the economy. Nonetheless, businesses are, up to the extent, concentrated on providing the best to their customers and at the same time, on performing well in the market. So to say, the primary goal of any company is to become globally competent and successful in the industry. This objective is what mostly keeps the companies driven to continuously improve itself, its processes, its products and its services. In light with all of this, the value of companies is chiefly influenced by several factors. These factors somehow contribute to the outcomes of the financial performance of the company. More than that, these aspects are deemed to be the most important that every company in the business industry always put a high regard...
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...Valuation M&A involves using more than one valuation technique to arrive at a valuation that we think is fair. The most common techniques used are: ➢ Comparable Publicly traded companies (“Public Comps”) – this analysis indicates how the stock markets are valuing companies that are similar to the target ➢ Precedent Comparable Transaction analysis (“Transaction Comps”) – this analysis indicates the valuations at which prior M&A transactions have been done in the same industry as that of the target. ➢ DCF analysis – is one of the most important valuation techniques ➢ Sum-of-the-parts analysis – If a target has more than one lines of business, the financial advisor will value each business separately. Therefore, each “part” might have its own Public Comps, Transaction comps and DCF (with different WACCs for each part). The total value is the sum of the parts ➢ Other –depending on the unique characteristics of the transaction, financial advisors will perform a number of other analyses to arrive at fair value like Leveraged Buyout (“LBO”) Analysis, Historical Exchange Ration analyses etc. Valuation M&A involves using more than one valuation technique to arrive at a valuation that we think is fair. The most common techniques used are: ➢ Comparable Publicly traded companies (“Public Comps”) – this analysis indicates how the stock markets are valuing companies that are similar to the target ➢ Precedent Comparable Transaction analysis (“Transaction...
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...Australian School of Business ACCT5910 Business Analysis and Valuation Class 1: Introduction Lecturers • Peter VASSALLO – (Lecturer in Charge) – Office: Quad 3101 Tel: 9385 5840 – Email: p.vassallo@unsw.edu.au – Consultation Hour: Tue 2 – 4 pm Australian School of Business • Jeff COULTON – Office: Quad 3061 Tel: – Email: j.coulton@unsw.edu.au – Consultation Hour: Wed 3 – 5 pm 9385 5811 Focus of Acct5910 Australian School of Business Fundamental Analysis and Value 3 Success: Warren Buffett Australian School of Business Warren Buffett Australian School of Business • Born on August 30, 1930 • The richest person in the world 2008 with $62 billion, and the third richest in 2010 with 47 billion • Lives in the same house in the central Omaha that he bought in 1958 for $31,500 and today, it is valued at around $700,000 • Largest shareholder and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway • Recent News: – Invested aggressively during the current crisis – Lost $25 billion in 2008-2009 – Called for more income tax for rich Americans (but not necessarily investment tax) Warren Buffett Australian School of Business • Newspaper delivery boy at age of 13 • First investment in pinball machine at age of 15 • Graduated from Columbia and worked as an security analyst for 2 years • Started an investment partnership with $100 at age of 26; 13 years later, he cashed out with $25 million • Controlled Berkshire Hathaway and transformed it into an investment vehicle ...
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...2 Graduate Thesis By Teia R. Merring Copenhagen Business School Strategic and financial analysis and valuation of B&O 0 1 Executive Summary................................................................................2 Introduction............................................................................................6 1.1Motivation.................................................................................................................. 6 1.2Problem Specification................................................................................................ 8 1.3Problem Identification................................................................................................ 8 1.4Problem Handling .................................................................................................... 10 1.5Structure and Methodology...................................................................................... 12 1.5.1Introduction and Presentation........................................................................... 12 1.5.2Strategic Analysis............................................................................................. 12 1.5.3Financial Statement Analysis ........................................................................... 13 1.5.4Prognoses and Budgets..................................................................................... 14 1.5.5Valuation.......................................
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...Business Analysis and Valuation Report Prepared By: Version # Updated on ------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgments ------------------------------------------------- If applicable, include acknowledgement to contributing individuals: ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Analyst’s Name | Number | E-Mail Address | | | | Document Name | | Date Created | | Milestone 1 date submitted | | Milestone 2 date submitted | | Milestone 3 date submitted | | Finalization date | | | | | | | | REPORT VERSION RECORD The Business Analysis and Valuation Report is a managed document with tracking of versions, changes, and release dates for each of the three milestones. Version Name | Version Number | Date | Author(s) Name(s) | Change Description | | | | | Document created | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Milestone versions of the report are issued including the complete document with the sections completed to date to reflect the work to date by the analyst team. The milestone versions of the document are authorized for release only after the analyst’s signature has been obtained. Milestone 1 PREPARED: DATE:___/___/___ (for acceptance) (, signature) POSITION: ___ Milestone 2 PREPARED: DATE:___/___/___ ...
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...Fourth Edition Financial Statement Analysis & Valuation Peter D. Easton University of Notre Dame Mary Lea McAnally Texas A&M University Gregory A. Sommers Southern Methodist University Xiao-Jun Zhang University of California, Berkeley Cambridge Business Publishers To my daughters, Joanne and Stacey —PDE To my husband Brittan, and my children Loic, Maclean, Quinn and Kay —MLM To my wife Susan, and my children Christian, Peter and Philip —GAS To my wife Sharon, my daughter Jasmine, and my parents 滕惠清 and 张祥林 —XZ Financial Statement Analysis & Valuation, Fourth Edition, by Peter D. Easton, Mary Lea McAnally, Gregory A. Sommers, and Xiao-Jun Zhang. COPYRIGHT © 2015 by Cambridge Business Publishers, LLC. Published by Cambridge Business Publishers, LLC. Exclusive rights by Cambridge Business Publishers, LLC for manufacture and export. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or stored in a database or retrieval system in any form or by any means, without prior written consent of Cambridge Business Publishers, LLC, including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Student Edition ISBN 978-1-61853-104-9 Bookstores & Faculty: to order this book, call 800-619-6473 or email customerservice@cambridgepub.com. Students: to order this book, please visit the book’s Website and order directly online. Printed in...
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...PROF. NEIL COHEN School of Business and Public Management The George Washington University BY Anil Kumar Cheerla FINA 6224 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT WASHINGTON, DC January 26, 2011 Q1: Consider which comparable peers are good matches and use them to perform a multiples analysis, calculating and defending an estimate of Crocs value. Soln: Comparable companies analysis – Done to determine appropriate valuation multiple for Crocs, Inc. • • Selected peer group based on industry, business and financial characteristics Included explosive growth stocks such as Lulelemon & Under Armour having similar prospects for growth and ROIC as Crocs, Inc. and some mature, stabilized businesses with stable industry growth rates – Nike, Deckers & Timberland. This mix will help us provide valuation from an aggressive sales growth and maturing sales context. Some characteristics used in selection include – o Primary or at least significant portion of business revenue comes from footwear & apparel – analogous to Crocs primary business o Has product appeal to large group of customers o Has distinct product attributes (innovative/creative) and differentiation from competition o Has wide range of distribution channels o CAGR Sales growth, COGS to Sales & Significantly less debt exposure on their balance sheets o Have characteristics of high octane growth and show signs of maturity and stabilizing long-term growth similar to well established footwear brands. • Valuation Multiples The objective...
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...Financial Statement Analysis Session #1: Fundamental Analysis and Valuation March 2015 In-Mu Haw (许 仁茂) 1 Create value through acquisition to build brands (over 100) 2 Lenovo vs. HP Stock Price Lenovo created value through acquisitions Poor acquisition (overpaid: $8.8B) $18 million in 2013 3 Deloitte Report Chet Wood, Managing Partner of Deloitte LLP, Merger & Acquisition Services: • • About 70 percent of all health plan M&As fail to create meaningful shareholder value. CFOs and management can take a stronger role in M&A deal evaluation, especially on revenue growth. 4 Use of Financial Statements for Valuation “I am considering to buy a small packing company. They offered me RMB 15 million and gave me their last 2 years’ Income Statements and Balance Sheets. I think it’s overpriced. How much do you think I should pay?” How will you use I/S and B/S to assess the target firm’s fair value? 5 Warren Buffet Emphasized importance of looking at a firm’s Competitive advantage of products Long-term growth potential… for good investment 6 Sound Fundamental Analysis One does not buy a stock, one buys a business. When buying a business, know the business. Good firms can be bad buys (if overpriced). Price is what you pay, value is what you get. Value of firm = Value of Debt + Value of Equity TA = L + SE (BV) on B/S 7 TA – L = SE SE (BV) vs. Market value of equity 8 Stock Price What is intrinsic value? Is the price overvalued? P/E=41: What earnings growth...
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...Correlation Analysis and Regression G. Time Series Analysis H. Simulation Analysis I. Technical Analysis III. Economics A. Market Forces of Supply and Demand B. The Firm and Industry Organization C. Measuring National Income and Growth D. Business Cycles E. The Monetary System F. Inflation G. International Trade and Capital Flows H. Currency Exchange Rates I. Monetary and Fiscal Policy J. Economic Growth and Development K. Effects of Government Regulation L. Impact of Economic Factors on Investment Markets IV. Financial Reporting and Analysis A. Financial Reporting System (with an emphasis on IFRS) B. Analysis of Principal Financial Statements C. Financial Reporting Quality D. Analysis of Inventories and Long-Lived Assets E. Analysis of Taxes F. Analysis of Debt G. Analysis of Off-Balance-Sheet Assets and Liabilities H. Analysis of Pensions, Stock Compensation, and Other Employee Benefits I. Analysis of Inter-Corporate Investments J. Analysis of Business Combinations K. Analysis of Global Operations L. Ratio and Financial Analysis V. Corporate Finance A. Corporate Governance B. Capital Investment Decisions C. Business and Financial Risk D. Capital Structure Decisions E. Working Capital Management F. Dividend Policy G. Mergers and Acquisitions and Corporate Restructuring VI. Equity Investments A. Types of Equity Securities and Their Characteristics B. Equity Markets: Characteristics, Institutions, and Benchmarks C. Fundamental Analysis (Sector...
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...STUDENT ACTIVITY SECTION 1. SUMMARY OF THE LEARNING OBJECTIVES The preparation of the consolidated financial statements is done using a consolidation worksheet, the left-hand columns of which contain the financial statements of the members of the group. The adjustment columns contain the consolidation worksheet entries that adjust the left-hand columns to form the consolidated financial statements. The adjustment entries have no effect on the actual financial records of the parent and its subsidiaries. At acquisition date, an acquisition analysis is undertaken. The key purposes of this analysis are to determine the fair values of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the subsidiary, and to calculate any goodwill or gain on bargain purchase arising from the business combination. From this analysis, the main consolidation worksheet adjustment entries at acquisition date are the business combination valuation entries, to adjust carrying amounts of the subsidiaries’ assets and liabilities to fair value, and the pre-acquisition entries. In preparing consolidated financial statements in periods subsequent to acquisition date, the consolidation worksheet will contain valuation entries and pre-acquisition entries. However, these entries are not necessarily the same as those used at acquisition date. If there are changes to the assets and liabilities of the subsidiaries since acquisition date, or there have been movements in pre-acquisition equity...
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...Course Goals and Learning Objectives: The goal of this course is to provide students a practitioner’s perspective on financial statement analysis. The course will emphasize thinking beyond the text and will focus to how to critically examine financial statement information and management representations. The course will primarily focus on financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP, however differences between US GAAP and IFRS will be outlined and examined. The class will be taught using a combination of lectures, class discussions and real-world case studies. In order to maximize our time together, students are expected to read the assigned chapters and complete the case studies on time. Given the brevity of the course and lecture time, students are encouraged to email me directly with questions at any time. Required Materials Textbook: Financial Statement Analysis & Valuation, (3rd Edition), By Easton, McAnally, Sommers & Zhang, Cambridge Business Publishers, 2013. ISBN: 978-1-61853-009-7 Case studies will be provided on TLE. Grading Schedule Class Participation/Case Work: Individual Project: Mid-Term/Exam 1: Final Exam: 20% 30% 20% 30% Grading Expectations Class Participation/Case Work: Each student should be prepared to discuss the required readings. To satisfy the requirements of class participation, students will be required to answer direct questions from the instructor and must actively participate in group discussions. 1|Page Case Work...
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...time-consuming, and complicated process for the senior management team of a company. The main steps of the process are outlined below: • Hire an investment bank as an underwriter—the underwriters’ purpose is to negotiate ways to raise capital (by either debt or equity) and interface with the public. (In JetBlue’s case, the underwriter was Morgan Stanley.) • Begin to negotiate with the underwriters about all the required information that will be contained in the underwriting agreement. This information includes the amount of capital the company wants to raise, types of securities that will be issued, amount of share divisions, the process of raising capital, etc. • Create a registration statement containing the IPO description and the company’s financial, management, and legal information. • Submit the registration statement to the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC). • Wait while the SEC verifies that all required information has been disclosed and approves the submission. • Set the...
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...Business Analysis & Valuation Project The objective of this project is to apply financial statement analysis techniques in a typical (equity) investment decision-making context. You should assume that you are required to make an investment recommendation to a fund manager. The fund manger wishes to add a stock to a diversified portfolio. The investment manager has a strategy of maximizing investor returns over the long term. Consistent with the course objectives, the project is an essential part of the course and aimed at developing your understanding of, and practical skills in financial statement analysis and valuation. It is also designed to enhance teamwork, and analytical and communication skills. To maximize the benefits of the project, you are required to progressively complete the project as the techniques are examined in the course. The project comprises two components: (1) an industry and company analysis, (2) a detailed project report, and Getting Started (Weeks 1-2) By the end of Week 2 you are required to: (1) Form groups of ideally 4 or 5 members. For part-time students who have difficulties in finding common free time for group meetings, groups of 2 or 3 are acceptable. (2) Select a company that is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). Your companies must have at least three years of annual reports available – it is your responsibility to pick a company with the required information available); (3) Enroll your group members online through Blackboard...
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