...In Latin, Y was named Y Graeca "Greek Y". This was pronounced as I Graeca "Greek I", since the classical Greek sound /y/, similar to modern German ü or French u, was not a native sound for Latin speakers, and the letter was initially only used to spell foreign words. In Romance languages, this history has led to the standard modern name of the letter: In Spanish, Y is called i/y griega, in Galician i grego, in Catalan i grega, in French and Romanian i grec, in Polish igrek - all meaning "Greek i" (except for Polish, where it is simply a phonetic transcription of the French name); in Dutch both Griekse ij and i-grec are used. The original Greek name upsilon has also been adapted into several modern languages; in German, for example, it is called Ypsilon, and in Italian the name is ípsilon or ípsilo. In Portuguese, both names are used (ípsilon and i grego). [1] Old English borrowed Latin Y to write the native Old English sound /y/ (previously written with the rune yr ᚣ). The name of the letter may be related to 'ui' (or 'vi') in various medieval languages; in Middle English it was 'wi' /wiː/, which through the Great Vowel Shift became the Modern English 'wy' /waɪ/. History[edit] Semitic, Phoenician, Greek and Latin[edit] An early Semitic version of the letter waw. The later, Phoenician version of waw. The oldest direct ancestor of English letter Y was the Semitic letter waw, from which also come F, U, V, and W. See F for details. The Greek and Latin alphabets developed...
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...To achieve P5, the assignment is based on McDonalds in the UK and India or China. You must pick two of the following topics (Economic, Demand, Supply, Changes in Supply and Demand or Government interaction) and cover the points below: Economic Outline * Describe the importance of stability in each of the economic environments. * How do changes in the different economic environments impact the business (growth, recession, ripple effect)? * Describe the levels of inflation in each of the economic environments. * What is the availability and cost of credit in the different economic environments? * What is the availability and quality of labour in each of the different economic environments? * Outline any changes in government policy (legal, fiscal and monetary) in each of the economic environments. Demand * How is the business influenced by the following in each economy? * Affordability of the products * competition * Availability of substitute products * Level of GDP * Needs and aspirations of consumers Supply In each economic environment: * How is the business influenced by the availability of raw materials and labour? * What logistics are available to the organisation? * Does the business have the ability to make profit? * What competition is there for raw materials? * Is there any government support available? Changes in supply and demand For each economic environment: * Draw the supply and...
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...[Follow via Facebook] [Follow via Twitter] [Follow via Linkedin] [Follow via Google+] TECH SOLUTIONS NEWS & TRENDS STARTUP BASICS FINANCE SALES & MARKETING CAREERS TRENDING: Business Idea Generator // Starting a Business // Cloud Computing // Email Marketing // Starting a Website // Small Business Resource Center Reference: Innovation: Key to Successful Business by Chad Brooks, BusinessNewsDaily Senior Writer | September 23, 2013 08:20pm ET 21 33 1 Reddit 23 ideas, inventions, patents [Pin It] Credit: Light bulb idea image via Shutterstock View full size image One of the keys to any successful business is being able to come up with new ideas to keep operations, products and services fresh. The process of bringing those ideas to reality is called innovation. While thinking up new ideas is one step of the process, businesses have a much greater task in trying to turn that into an actual product or service that will benefit customers. In an article he wrote for BusinessNewsDaily, Fusion92 vice president of innovation Jacob Beckley said while innovation might have slightly different meanings depending on the industry, its core is universal. "It embodies the improvement of something that has come before," Beckley wrote. "It is the evolution of convenience, efficiencyand effectiveness." The companies that do this best, according to Beckley, are the ones that will ultimately have sustained success. "In the vast...
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...Analysis of Temp Force Company a. Legal Rights and privileges of common Stockholders Common Stockholders have the right to elect its directors, who in urn elect the officers who will manage the business. Federal Law says there should be an election of directors usually once a year to elect with vote taken at an annual meeting. Each share of stock has one vote. Stockholders can show up to the meeting and vote in person, but they can transfer their right to vote to a proxy. Common Stockholders have the preemptive right to purchase any additional shares sold by the firm It enables current stockholders to maintain control and prevents a transfer of wealth from current stockholders to new stockholders. b. Valuation of Stocks (1) Write out a formula that can be used to value any stock, regardless of its dividend pattern. Value of stock = P0 = PV of expected future dividends P0= D1(1+rs)1 + D2(1+rs)2+ … + D∞(1+rs)1∞ (2) What is a constant growth stock? How are constant growth stocks valued? A constant growth stock is one in which the stream of dividends is expected to grow at a constant rate. A constant growth stock can be valued using the constant growth model (Gordon model) shown below. P0= D1rs-g (3) What happens if a company has a constant g that exceeds its rs? Will many stocks have expected g> rs in the short run (i.e., for the next few years)? In the long run (i.e., forever)? If a company’s g is greater than their expected rs the...
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...In the short-run framework, budget deficits should: A. never be run since they slow economic growth over the long run B. never be run since they crowd out investment in the short run C. be run on a temporary basis whenever the economy is below potential output D. be run on a permanent basis since they can always be financed by printing money C. be run on a temporary basis whenever the economy is below potential output. deficits reduce investment over the long run but may be desirable in the short run if they help stabilize the economy when it falls below potential output In the long-run framework, budget surpluses: A. should be run whenever output dips below potential output. B. should never be run since they crowd out investment in the short run. C. are better than budget deficits over the long run because unlike budget deficits, they increase saving and investment. D. should be run on a permanent basis since they boost saving and investment and stimulate economic growth. C. are better than budget deficits over the long run because unlike budget deficits, they increase saving and investment Budget surpluses are preferable as long as output is at or above potential output. When this is not the case, budget deficits are advisable since they help to stabilize the economy. A government can finance its budget deficit by doing all of the following except: A. buying bonds. B. borrowing from its central bank. C. selling bonds. D. printing money. ...
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...Subject: Business Communication Serial nr: 72361F-E1 Student nr: 10011647965 Question 1 Identify the various Media of communication and methods of communication that can be used by the front office manager with guest this from the time of the first enquiry to the follow-up that may take place after the guest has left. Communication plays an important role in the management of organizations and the achievement of their goals. A manager passes information to employees working at different levels orally and in writing also. He receives the replies in the same manner. Whatever be the media of communication it should maintain the clarity of facts, opinion and information. It should presented in a decent manner with proper wording and timing. The information must be clear without any confusion and ambiguity. The communication of information must be well worded, properly timed and transmitted in decent manner. It is also necessary that the message must be consistent i.e. the action must coincide with saying. If the supervisor makes a lot of promises, but not fulfill them in such a case it would be called that consistency does not exit. Feedback of information is necessary to adjust the action to desired objective. a) MECHANICAL MEDIA OF COMMUNICATION. (E-mail and Telephone call ) These form of media of communication will the first one that the guest can able to communicate with the hotel in case they would like to make reservation, the guest may communicate through email...
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...RUNNING HEAD: THE IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS IN THE BUSINESS WORLD BY Marie J.Lucel MAN 2604 International Business Submitted to: Professor McFarlane Donovan Department of Business Administration Broward College North Campus Coconut Creek, Florida April 01 , 2013 The Importance of Business Ethics in International Businesses Abstract Keywords: Business ethics, corruption, human rights, conducts employment practices, environmental regulations, conflicts of interests, General Policy and Procedures, and moral obligation of the multinational organization. Introduction Businesses are faced with very real ethical dilemmas where the appropriate course of action is not really clear. Some of these are the ethical obligations of a multinational corporation toward their employment conditions, human rights, environmental pollution .Understanding the nature of ethical problems and deciding what actions to pursue when confronted with .Ethical problems frequently occur in International Business. Basic human rights are not accepted in international business, which include freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of movement, freedom of political repression and so on. In international corruption is so widespread in some countries that politicians and bureaucrats regard it as a benefit of office and openly as break laws against corruption. Corruption is seen and treated as illegal, and when discovered, violators are punished by the full extent of the law. In some countries...
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...Business Model MODEL (A) Current global market research indicates a significant growth of pharmaceutical products, in spite of the sluggish economy in 2010. The forecast indicated market growth of about 4% to 6% in 2010 exceeding US$ 825 Billion. The global pharma market will experience 5% to 7% growth in 2011 resulting in an overall market value of US$ 880 Billion. Asia Pacific Pharmaceutical Market is expected to grow around 12.6% during 2010 – 2012. Middle East – African Pharma Market is projected to grow at around 11% during 2010-12. The development of infrastructure and rapidly changing regulations in this region are being seen as reasons for its growth. Furthermore, there is a high prevalence of diseases and huge population base that increases the overall need for pharma sales in this part of the world. Presently South Africa, Saudi Arabia and Israel dominate the region’s pharma industry due to their better infrastructure and regulatory environment. The market potential of the African pharmaceutical sector is enormous and business opportunities abound. However, the Middle East depends on imported pharmaceutical products and therapeutics. In the Third World and under-developed countries, medicines are required for preventable or curable diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, acute-respiratory infection, influenza, meningitis, etc. The current trend is more focused on cures for problems such as impotence, baldness and ageing because it’s more profitable; and less...
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...1. In a manufacturing process a random sample of 36 bolts manufactured has a mean of 3 inches w/ a standard deviation of .3 inches. What is the 99% confidence interval for the true mean length of the bolt? Confidence interval = [pic] = (2.87, 3.13) 2. When the population is normally distributed, population standard deviation σ is unknown, and the sample size is n = 15; the confidence interval for the population mean σ is based on the ________. Sample standard deviation, s. 3. Suppose that the percentage returns for a given year for all stocks listed on the NYSE are approximately normally distributed with a mean of 12.4 % & a standard deviation of 20.6%. Consider drawing a random sample of n = 5 stocks from the population of all stocks and calculating the mean return, x-bar of the sampled stocks. Find the mean and the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of x-bar, and find an interval containing 95.44% of all possible sample mean returns. Mean = 12.4 Standard deviation = [pic] Interval = [pic] = (-6.03, 30.83) 4. A study asked parents who own TVS equipped with V-chips whether they use the devices to block programs with objectionable content. a) Suppose that we wish to use the study results to justify the claim that fewer than 20% of parents who own TV sets with V-chips use the devices. The study actually found that 17% of the parents polled used their V-chips. If the poll surveyed 1,000 parents, and if for the sake of argument we assume that 20%...
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...Scenario You work in a junior role for the Bournemouth Computer Repair and Maintenance which has been commissioned by the Ringwood Arms Hotel to provide a report on their computer system and the options available to them. Obviously, the business is coping in the current market but there is always scope for improvement. Part of the improvement can be achieved through the better management and processing of the information both at their fingertips but also external to the hotel CASE STUDY ASSIGNMENT CASE STUDY: THE RINGWOOD ARMS HOTEL Overview The Ringwood Arms is a medium-sized hotel which has 50 bedrooms. It is privately owned and located in the countryside near the town of Bournemouth in the South West of England. The Ringwood Arms has a restaurant and a bar, which are open to non-residents. There are also function and conference facilities which can be booked by individuals and companies. Publicity The hotel's main method of advertising is via the internet and in Town and Country magazine (published monthly). It also places advertisements in the local, weekly, free Advertiser newspaper. It does have an entry in www.thomsonlocal.net. It also has links from tourist board websites, magazines, etc. However, Sally Chester, the owner, is always looking for ways to attract guests to the hotel. Sally’s son, James, runs the reception area and is able to use the guest database to analyse the type of guests, using the lengths of stay, home regions...
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...CHP 9 Contract: an agreement that is enforceable by a court of law or equity. A contract is a promise or set of promises for the breach of which the law gives a remedy or the performance of which the law in some way recognizes duty. Parties to a contract: offeror. Party who make an offer to enter into contract. Offeree. Party to whom an offer to enter into a contract. Elements of a contract: 1. agreement. For a contract there must be an agreement. It requires an offer by the offeror and an acceptance of the offer by the offeree. 2. consideration: a promise must be supported by a bargained-for consideration that is legally sufficient. Money,personal propaerty realy property are consideration. 3. contractual capacity. The parties to have contract must have contractual capacity for contract to be enforceable against them. 4. lawful object. The object of contract must be lawful. Most contracts have lawful object. Contract with illegal object are void. Elements of a contract: 1. agreement 2. consideration 3. contractual capacity 4 lawful object Defenses to the enforcement of a contract 1. genuineness of assent. The consent of the parties to create a contract must be genuine. If the conract is obtained by duress, undue influence or fraud there is no real consent. duress threats, violence, constraints, or other action brought to bear on someone to do something against their will or better judgment. 2.writing and form. Contracts must be in writing or in certain form. If...
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...Online Business Expansion Proposal Gilda Nunley-Jackson Western Governors University Abstract This paper continues with the exploration of developing an online business expansion proposal for Cornerstone Christian School (CCS). The investigation validated by Oracle’s (2011) white paper offers the necessary criteria to consider before investing in an E-Commerce solution. The paper also discusses Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and optimization strategies, their importance and the benefits to both the customer and the company. Another very important reflection was the International consideration aspect and how it’s important to become familiar with each facet of the market to create a viable business. Lastly, a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) tool was selected to provide the highest level of interaction with customers and deliver a tracking mechanism for CCS as well as enhance their overall marketing abilities while effectively managing the business in order to be represented as a leader in the industry. Online Business Expansion Proposal Based on Cornerstone Christian School’s (CCS) lack of an E-Commerce solution, an underdeveloped website, lack of International consideration and absence of a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) tool, it is necessary to implement these guiding factors to expand their business into a more competitive leader in the private school industry. In the near future, it is imperative for CCS to add several tools, review their...
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...P4- describe the functional areas in two contrasting business organisations Tesco: Marketing & Sales In Tesco marketing and research they carry out existing products but try to bring in different types of products e.g. crisps and ask for feedback to see if the new product is nice or not. They promote the business with a variety of things for example they have a T.V advert with celebrities in it they have a website and they also have billboards and a radio advert. Tesco have a catalogue for customers so they can see what they might want to buy and order it online or order it straight from the shop itself. Someone part of Tesco had to make the website and update it put up the offers, new prices and sales so this is part of marketing and sales. If Tesco did bring in new products that they made with their own ingredients then maybe they could have a little stall in the store for the customers to try and then they could see weather the customers like them of not. Production: In Tesco production they have factories where they have raw materials to make the food for Tesco, they also have to put the food into packages but then after that the workers in Tesco would have to put the products and stack them up in the aisle with the other products. Also in Production in the bakery side of Tesco had problems with the machines they would have people check it regularly to make sure they work properly. Administration: In Tesco administration is about writing letters and putting...
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...Contract of Employment THIS IS AN AGREEMENT between (1) [Company name] whose Registered Office is at [Registered address of the company], (“the Employer”) and (2) [Name of employee] of [Address of employee] (“the Employee”) IT IS AGREED that the Employer will employ the Employee and the Employee will work for the Employer on the following terms and conditions: 1. Job title The Employee’s position is that of [Job title]. The Employee may from time to time be required to carry out such other reasonable duties as the Employer may decide, without additional remuneration, should this be necessary to meet the needs of the business. 2. Commencement and continuity of employment The Employee’s employment with the Employer began on [Date]. The Employee’s continuous employment, taking into account any service with Employer and with any previous employer which counts, began on [Date]. 3. Probationary period The first [Probationary period] of employment will be a probationary period, during which the Employee’s performance will be monitored. The probationary period may be extended by the Employer. During the probationary period this employment may be terminated by either party giving one week’s notice to the other in writing. 4. Hours of work The Employee’s normal working hours are: Monday from to Tuesday from to Wednesday from to Thursday ...
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...IPO. The appropriate pricing for the stock should be in a range of $17.92 to $23.29. The underwriter for the IPO is undervaluing the current price per share with their price of $10-$15 per share. This report will analyze four different possible growth scenarios for the company and show how the price per share of the IPO will change accordingly. Ultimately, the conclusion for the IPO’s price per share will be based off of Boston Beer’s credibility, investor sentiment, and oversubscription of consumer shares. Case 1 Table 1 Year | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | GROWTH | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.10 | See Graph | INFLATOR | 0.39 | 0.39 | 0.29 | 0.19 | 0.09 | 0.04 | SALES | 114,833 | 160766 | 225073 | 292594 | 351113 | 386225 | Interest | 0.115 | | | | | | for 1997, and 10% for 1998. Graph 1 plots the growth scenarios for the year 1999 on the horizontal axis against the IPO price per share on the vertical axis. A 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7% growth rate should see a corresponding price per share of $7.09, $8.46, $10.47, and $13.74, respectively. The first two numbers ($7.09 and $8.46) are below the underwriters estimates, while the last two numbers ($10.47 and $13.74) are within the underwriters estimate of $10-$15 per share. Case 2 analyzes a moderate growth rate for the company. As shown in the Table 2, growth in 1995 is 50% then declines to 40% in 1996, 30% in 1997, and 10% in 1998. Graph 2 shows 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7% growth rate for 1999 that should...
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