...TLV for carbon monoxide is 35ppm. Define the terms TLV and ppm and calculate them for the following example: Answer: TVL = Term for airborne concentration of a substance, below which all workers are believed to be protected while exposed to it day after day for 8-hour periods. PPM = Concentration by volume of one part of a gas, or by weight of a liquid or solid, per million parts of air or liquid. A mechanic in an automotive repair shop is exposed to the following carbon monoxide levels over an 8 hour shift. 1. 2 hours @ 34 ppm 2. 5 hours @ 40 ppm 3. 1 hour @ 20 ppm Is the worker over-exposed during the duration of the work-shift? Answer: Yes the worker is over-exposed during the duration of their 8 hour shift. What is the primary concept of hazard recognition and the hierarchy of hazard control? Answer: The primary goal of hazard recognition is “to reduce incidents, accidents, injuries and property damage.” The primary concept of the hierarchy of hazard control is “source-path-human intervention. Of which elimination is an option if a task it too dangerous.” The specific hierarchy outlined on slide 13 of the Instructor notes for week 7 is as follows: 1. Engineering Controls 2. Administrative Controls 3. Personal Protective Equipment Going through this list – explain how they might be applied to this example to provide potential solutions. Answer: 1. Engineering Controls: - Develop process to monitor the carbon monoxide levels...
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...The TLV for carbon monoxide is 25ppm according to the Ministry of Labour for Ontario. Define the terms TLV and ppm and calculate them for the following example: ANSWER: The Term TLV is Threshold Limit Value, of any given chemical substance to which it is believed that a worker can be exposed during a given time period. PPM: Concentration by volume “Parts Per Million” – parts of gas or liquid A mechanic in an automotive repair shop is exposed to the following carbon monoxide levels over an 8 hour shift. 1. 2 hours @ 34 ppm 2. 5 hours @ 40 ppm 3. 1 hour @ 20 ppm Is the worker over-exposed during the duration of the work-shift? ANSWER: According to the calculation as per the Ministry of Labour for Ontario, YES, the worker is over-exposed during the duration of their shift What is the primary concept of hazard recognition and the hierarchy of hazard control? ANSWER: The hierarchy of controls is the standard system of strategies to effectively eliminate workplace hazards, by reducing incidents, accidents, injuries and property damage. Going through this list – explain how they might be applied to this example to provide potential solutions. ANSWER: Elimination: physically removing it—is the most effective hazard Substitution: replacing something that produces a hazard with something that does not produce a hazard Engineered: Isolate workers from the hazard- proper machinery or a monitoring unit in the work place to gauge carbon monoxide and to ensure it does not...
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...The TLV for carbon monoxide is 25ppm according to the Ministry of Labour for Ontario. Define the terms TLV and ppm and calculate them for the following example: ANSWER: The Term TLV is Threshold Limit Value, of any given chemical substance to which it is believed that a worker can be exposed during a given time period. PPM: Concentration by volume “Parts Per Million” – parts of gas or liquid A mechanic in an automotive repair shop is exposed to the following carbon monoxide levels over an 8 hour shift. 1. 2 hours @ 34 ppm 2. 5 hours @ 40 ppm 3. 1 hour @ 20 ppm Is the worker over-exposed during the duration of the work-shift? ANSWER: According to the calculation as per the Ministry of Labour for Ontario, YES, the worker is over-exposed during the duration of their shift What is the primary concept of hazard recognition and the hierarchy of hazard control? ANSWER: The hierarchy of controls is the standard system of strategies to effectively eliminate workplace hazards, by reducing incidents, accidents, injuries and property damage. Going through this list – explain how they might be applied to this example to provide potential solutions. ANSWER: Elimination: physically removing it—is the most effective hazard Substitution: replacing something that produces a hazard with something that does not produce a hazard Engineered: Isolate workers from the hazard- proper machinery or a monitoring unit in the work place to gauge carbon monoxide and to ensure...
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...DANGERS OF SECONDHAND SMOKE ____________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Course Communication Arts II ____________________ By Julienne TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………….. II. NATURE OF SECONDHAND SMOKE…………………………………………….. III. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SECONDHAND SMOKE…………………….... A. Cotinine…………………………………………………………………………... B. Carcinogens………………………………………………………………………. 1. Carbon Monoxide……………………………………………………………… 2. Cyanide……………………………………………………………………….... IV. TYPES OF SECONDHAND SMOKE……………………………………………….. A. Mainstream Smoke………………………………………………………………… B. Sidestream Smoke…………………………………………………………………. C. Thirdhand Smoke………………………………………………………………….. V. EFFECTS OF SECONDHAND SMOKE……………………………………………. A. Cancers…………………………………………………………………………… 1. LungCancer………………………………………………………………….. 2. Breast Cancer ……………………………………………………………….. B. Effects in Cardiovascular System………………………………………………… 1. Coronary Heart Disease……………………………………………………… 2. Stroke…………………………………………………………………………. 3. Other Heart Disease………………………………………………………….. C. Effects in Respiratory System…………………………………………………….. 1. Asthma………………………………………………………………………... 2. Irritation of Respiratory Tract………………………………………………… D. Effects in Neurological System……………………………………………………. 1. Dementia………………………………………………………………………. E. Effects During Pregnancy…………………………………………………………. F. Effects to Children…………………………………………………………………...
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...like offices, buses, hotels, etc. So, considering the bad effects of smoking on individual's health, environment as well as individual rights, it should be banned in public places. A person who wants to smoke can do so by keeping himself in isolation. The smoking of cigarette is glamorized through advertisements. More and more young boys and girls are attracted by this. Even the 'statutory warning' on the cigarette packets does not stop them. The young generation think that those who smoke are smart, modern and intellectual. However, smoking is not a good habit. Those who smoke suffer from several health problems. A chain-smoker is the worst sufferer. Cigarette contains 4,000 types of chemicals out of which 43 are carcinogenic. The carbon monoxide concentration in the smoke is greater than 20,000 ppm. This is diluted to 400-500 during inhalation. It displaces oxygen from hemoglobin and the result is impairment of the central nervous system, cardiac and pulmonary diseases (related to lungs). These may eventually lead to heart attacks. Cigarette also contains ammonia and other hydrocarbons which could cause asthma, other respiratory infections and lung cancer. The dust particles in it may be the cause of irritation of the eyes, cancer, and emphysema. Its nicotine content is highly addictive and reaches the brain immediately. It constricts the blood vessels, raises the blood pressure and gives the central nervous system a small jolt. It can lead to...
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...Chemicals can entry to the body through Injection; Chemicals enter the body if the skin was penetrated or punctured by contaminated objects such as needles for health care workers or bee stings for maintenance worker. Effects can occur as the substance or chemical started to circulate in the blood and build up in the target organs. In addition to, Ingestion; Chemicals get into the stomach either by swallowing the contaminated mucus that expelled from the lungs or by eating and drinking contaminated food and drink. Therefore, avoid touching food and drink with unwashed hand or contaminated gloves and cloths and as for the smokers avoid smoking with contaminated hand. The contaminated substances that are swallowed, do not generally harm the gastrointestinal...
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...that increase the risk of lung cancer. The small particles in cigarette smoke, including carcinogens, irritants, and corrosive chemicals, collect in the small air sacs in the lungs called cilia, and damage them. These air sacs are where the blood absorbs oxygen from the air. When the small particles from the cigarette smoke are absorbed into the blood stream and transported to other parts of the body, they include a variety of diseases. The smoke from a burning cigarette is a mixture of hot gasses and different sized particles that fills the air with over 4000 chemicals, including 43 carcinogens and over 400 other toxins (Glantz & Daynard, 1991). One of the gasses emitted by cigarettes is carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless poison. By attaching to hemoglobin, the carbon monoxide lessens the blood’s ability to carry oxygen. There are many effects of cigarette smoking on the actual smoker. They include lung cancer and other cancers, cardiovascular malfunctions, strokes, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. Cigarette smoking may even lead to changes in the smoker’s appearance such as early wrinkling and yellowing of their teeth. Heart disease and cardiovascular malfunctions are also major effects of cigarette smoking. A chemical in cigarette smoke called glycoprotein attaches to smooth muscle cells inside arteries, causing the interior of these cells to grow. The hollow space inside the artery narrows, which could cause a blockage of the blood flow to the heart and may...
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...Smoking can be dangerous not only for the smoker, but also for those around the smoker. Secondhand smoke is the third leading cause of preventable death (after active smoking and alcohol), according to the Manitoba Medical Association. They also say that the smoke contains over 4,000 chemicals, 50 of which are known to be cancer-related. Secondhand smoke has been linked to heart and respiratory disease; lung, breast, cervical, and nasal sinus cancers; strokes and miscarriages. In children, dangers include sudden infant death syndrome, fetal growth impairment, bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma and middle-ear disease. People who smoke subject themselves to deadly diseases, as well as long- and short-term health problems. Non-smokers should not have to live with the consequences of smokers' actions. http://www.publishyourarticles.net/knowledge-hub/essay/an-essay-on-should-smoking-be-banned-in-public-places.html Many surveys, studies and scientific research has proved that smoking is injurious to health. Smoke is unhealthy and suffocating. It pollutes the environment. There are two types of smokers - active and passive. The person who smokes is active and other who are near to him and inhale the smoke are passive smokers. Both are equally affected by the ill effects of smoking. Smokers and non-smokers meet at many places like offices, buses, hotels, etc. So, considering the bad effects of smoking on individual's health, environment as well as individual rights, it should be banned...
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...pollution which are commonly discussed. These include smog, acid rain, the greenhouse effect, and "holes" in the ozone layer. Each of these problems has serious implications for our health and well-being as well as for the whole environment. One type of air pollution is the release of particles into the air from burning fuel for energy. Diesel smoke is a good example of this particulate matter. The particles are very small pieces of matter measuring about 2.5 microns or about .0001 inches. This type of pollution is sometimes referred to as "black carbon" pollution. The exhaust from burning fuels in automobiles, homes, and industries is a major source of pollution in the air. Some authorities believe that even the burning of wood and charcoal in fireplaces and barbeques can release significant quantities of soot into the air. Another type of pollution is the release of noxious gases, such as sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and chemical vapors. These can take part in further chemical reactions once they are in the atmosphere, forming smog and acid rain. Pollution also needs to be considered inside our homes, offices, and schools. Some of these pollutants can be created by indoor activities such as smoking and cooking. In the United States, we spend about 80-90% of our time inside buildings, and so our exposure to harmful indoor pollutants can be serious. It is therefore important to consider both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Smog...
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...What is POISONING ? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4SQJky9yMK4 Poisoning is caused by swallowing, injecting, breathing in, or otherwise being exposed to a harmful substance. Most poisonings occur by accident. Immediate first aid is very important in a poisoning emergency. The first aid you give before getting medical help can save a person's life. This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. Causes * Items that can cause poisoning include: * Carbon monoxide gas (from furnaces, gas engines, fires, space heaters) * Certain foods * Chemicals in the workplace * Drugs, including over-the-counter and prescription medicines (such as an aspirin overdose) and illicit drugs such as cocaine * Household detergents and cleaning products * Household and outdoor plants (eating toxic plants) * Insecticides * Paints Signs and symptoms of poisoning Common signs and symptoms to look for include: * Burns or redness around the mouth and lips, from drinking certain poisons * Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner * Burns, stains and odors on the person, on clothing, or on furniture, floor, rugs or other objects in the surrounding area * Empty medication bottles or scattered pills * Vomiting, difficulty breathing, sleepiness, confusion or other unexpected signs FIRST AID * When the Poison Was Swallowed 1. Call emergency services or...
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...Safety Slogans Here are some safety slogans that will help you to make safety a way of life. [pic] Safety is a very important aspect of life, be it at home, out on the road, or at the workplace. Here is a collection of some great safety slogans that you can use on posters to stick up in your office or in your home, or use in presentations, or send as emails. Safety isn't just a slogan, it's a way of life. Better to be safe than to be sorry! Chance takers are accident makers. Be alert! Accidents hurt. A safer you is a safer me. Unprepared = Unsafe. Anyone driving slower than you is an idiot, and anyone going faster than you is a maniac. The best car safety device is a rear-view mirror with a cop in it. Remember - Safety is not a job; it is a way of life. Safety is a cheap and effective insurance policy While on a ladder, never step back to admire your work Safety doesn't slow the job down but mishaps do. A spill, a slip, a hospital trip. Your safety is everyone's responsibility, especially yours. You can't get home, unless you're safe. Ignoring a warning can cause much mourning. The adage "look before you leap" is a lifesaver. The safe way is the right way When jogging, run against the traffic flow. Wear the right protective equipment for the job. Use the right tool for the job. Just because you always did it that way, doesn't make it right. Safety is something you learn from the start - Being accident free...
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...that by coming up with ideas, that are far ahead of our time. Larry Page once said, “We want to build technology that everybody loves using, and that affects everyone. We want to create beautiful, intuitive services and technologies that are so incredibly useful that people use them twice a day. Like they use a toothbrush. There isn’t that many things people use twice a day” (as cited in Carlson, 2011). Google has come up with a project that will change the way people consider driving. The project took its start in 2009 with some of the very best engineers from the DARPA Challenges, a series of autonomous vehicle races organized by the U.S. Government. This project will help to prevent traffic accidents, free up people’s time and reduce carbon emissions by fundamentally changing car use. According to World Health Organization (2013), approximately 1.3 million people die each year on the world's roads, and between 20 and 50 million sustain non-fatal injuries. Google aims to prevent and reduce those astonishing numbers. Their automated cars use video cameras, radar sensors and a laser range finder to “see” other traffic, as well as detailed maps (which they collect using manually driven vehicles) to navigate the road ahead. All of that is possible...
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...increases, and there are organizations and plans out to help smokers quit. People have different reasons they choose to start smoking but if they put the reasons next to the after effects that smoking can cause they will see that the effects outweigh the causes. Looking at them makeup of a cigarette explains how these risks are increased in those who smoke. Cigarettes contain additive called nicotine which produces the effect that draws them into addiction. The chemical makeup of the smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals, including 60 known to cause cancer. Some of the chemicals identified are cyanide, benzene, formaldehyde, methanol, acetylene, and ammonia. The smoke also contains tar and carbon monoxide. (What in tobacco is harmful?, 2013, para.1) Carbon monoxide is the...
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...„The effects and perceived severity of individual pollutant categories are also a function of work stress and organizational dysfunction, personality structure, and coping styles‟ (Apter et al, 1994) hence sick building syndrome is regarded as a diagnosis of exclusion especially with indoor quality standards not established in many countries. 4. WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF SICK BUILDING SYNDROME The three main pollutant sources are, 6 • Chemical pollutants which include volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as pesticides, cigarette smoke and carbon monoxide which is derived from the combustion of certain products. • Biological pollutants which are bacteria and viruses; molds and yeasts; dust mite allergen, pollens. • Physical pollutants such as radiation from radon and electromagnetic fields, dust and respirable particulate matter such as...
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...Social Responsibility JJT Task 1 Sheryl K Ellis My chosen company for my JJT Task is Rhodes Air Conditioning. Rhodes A/C is a small company operated by the owner and two air conditioning technicians. As a small company it is imperative that they fully concentrate on the three P’s which are People, Planet and Profit. Today as we look at the world around us we notice changes. Companies and people are making efforts to sustain the environment by taking small steps to recycle and have even started using fuels that are safer for the environment. Car manufacturers are making cars that run on very minimal amounts of fuel by running electrically. As you pull up to many locations now you will find the electrical plugs to plug in your car for a charge while you are refueling your body. The reading material in Chapter Ten of Business and Society: Stakeholders, Ethics, Public Policy states that human activity affects three major forms of natural resources: water, air, and land. Resources can be renewable or non-renewable states the material with fossil fuels being non-renewable because once they are used they are gone. Some items are renewable such as forests and fresh water because these things can be replenished. With these areas in mind: water, air and land one needs to focus their efforts on the sustainability of the environment. At the rate we are going we could soon be faced with a drastic decrease in the availability of fresh water and eventually food. As the world grows at an astonishing...
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