...Course Project Case 32 Overdue Bills GM533 Introduction The National Minority Women in Business Institute (NMWBI) is a nonprofit networking organization for minority women business owners and entrepreneurs. For the past 25 years, NMWBI has served as the platform for more than 10 million women business owners to share resources, make economic decisions and influence public policy. NMWBI is a dues-based national organization representing the interest of minority women entrepreneurs in varying industries. (Nawbophx, nd) Historically, NMWBI has been very profitable. Unfortunately, NMWBI like many other organizations has been impacted by the economic recession. Two notable developments have occurred; new enrollment has declined by 30% with an increase in late dues payments. With that, NMWBI’s board of directors is concerned that the number of days to collect the payments is influenced by the size of the bill. This may be impacting its profit margins. As a result, the principles of NMWBI have consulted a statistical analysis firm, Market Probe Inc. (MPI) to evaluate data, along with the receivables management team, provided to them about NMWBI’s overdue payments. The findings of MPI have been summarized and drafted in a brief memo to the board addressing the concern and to advise of any impact between the amount of the bill and the number of days to collect payment and recommendations as needed. (Nawbophx, nd) Memorandum To: National Minority...
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...Analysis of Case 32 Michael A. Wilson GM533 02/12/2012 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this analysis is to analyze the QSCA in determining if the amount or size of a bill is directly correlated to the number of days the bill is past due. In order to support the validity of this relationship, a statistical analysis of the data provided will support the relationship within 95% confidence levels. These findings should give a better understanding of the QSCA’s business and provide vital insight on the relationship between the data being evaluated. SUMMARY The focal point of this analysis is to determine whether or not the amount of the bill has an effect on the number of days the bill is late. This information will be extremely valuable for the business to develop higher efficiency and profitability within the account services team. In addition, the final output of the analysis can be applied to several situations, such as insights into customer trends like bill payments, financing, and the current economic impact on the bill collection business. This analysis will help confirm the importance of paying a bill on time and should be supported by the client services team in the management of bill collection. We are currently face with challenging economic times and the support of motivating clients to expedite their bill payments will help businesses and customer’s personal and internal finances. In order to validate the relationship between the amount of a bill and the number...
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...ASIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT RESEARCH Online Open Access publishing platform for Management Research © Copyright 2010 All rights reserved Integrated Publishing association Review Article ISSN 2229 – 3795 Non performing assets: Issues, Causes and remedial Solution Poongavanam.S H.O.D., Department of Management studies, Ranippettai Engineering College, Thenkaddapanthangal, Walaja Taluk, Vellore District. -632513 Tamil Nadu. s.poongavanam@gmailo.com ABSTRACT The banking industry has undergone a sea change after the first phase of economic liberalization in 1991 and hence credit management. While the primary function of banks is to lend funds as loans to various sectors such as agriculture, industry, personal loans, housing loans etc., in recent times the banks have become very cautious in extending loans, this is due to mounting nonperforming assets (NPAs). Therefore, an NPA account not only reduces profitability of banks by provisioning in the profit and loss account, but their carrying cost is also increased which results in excess & avoidable management attention. Apart from this, a high level of NPA also puts strain on a banks net worth because banks are under pressure to maintain a desired level of Capital Adequacy and in the absence of comfortable profit level, banks eventually look towards their internal financial strength to fulfill the norms thereby slowly eroding the net worth. Considering all the above facts banking industry has to give more importance to...
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...BRYANT/SMITH CASE 32 WHAT FACTORS INFLUENCE PAYING BILLS ON TIME??? Ernest G. Hamilton III Keller Graduate School of Management GM 533 – Applied Managerial Statistics December 14, 2010 INTRODUCTION As you requested, the following information below illustrates my analysis in determining whether the dollar of a bill has an effect of the number of days the bill is late. Additionally, I have obtained information that determines if the bill is from a residential or commercial customer has any effect on the number of days the bill is late. The statistical analysis of the data includes regression analysis. Data The collection agency supplied a sample of 96 randomly selected customer bills. These bills demonstrate the following information: * One dependent variable (y), which is the number of days to collect the payment * Two independent variables (x1 & x2), which are the amount of the overdue bills and the specific type of customer accounts Results * The model depicts an average time of 50 days late for the bill * The average amount per bill was approximately $174 * According to the model, it suggests there is a correlation between the number of days the bill is late, the size of the bill, and the kind of customer account. * Analysis shows that when the size of the bill increases, the number of days the bill is late decreases, thus proving the relationship between the two variables is inversely proportional * Since the customer type...
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...10907783 RR1904A56 DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY PHAGWARA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY After liberalization the Indian banking sector developed very appreciate. The RBI also nationalized good amount of commercial banks proving socio economic services to the people of the nation. The public Sector banks have shown very good performance as far as the financial operations are concerned. The total income of the public sector banks has also shown good performance since the last few years. The public sector Banks have also shown comparatively good result. The gross profits and the net profits of the Public Sector banks have been on a high from past few years. The private sector banks are also showing good results in case of profits. However, the only problem of the Scheduled Commercial Banks these days are the increasing level of the non performing assets. The Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) problem is one of the foremost and the most formidable problems that have shaken the entire banking industry in India like an earthquake. Like a canker worm, it has been eating the banking system from within, since long. It has grown like a cancer and has infected every limb of the banking system. At macro level, NPAs have choked off the supply line of credit to the potential borrowers, thereby having a deleterious effect on capital formation and arresting the economic activity in the country. At the micro level, the unsustainable level of NPAs has eroded the profitability...
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...as to give a holder in due course the right to hold the instrument free from defenses available to prior parties. (Sundiang, Reviewer on Commercial Law, p. 80, Third Edition 2006) Promissory Note- An unconditional promise in writing made by one person to another, signed by the maker, engaging to pay on demand, or at a fixed or determinable future time, a sum certain in money to order or to bearer. (Sec. 184, Negotiable Instruments Law [NIL]) Initial parties: a. Maker b. Payee Bill of Exchange- An unconditional order in writing addressed by one person to another, signed by the person giving it, requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay on demand or at a fixed or determinable future time a sum certain in money to order or to bearer. (Sec. 126, NIL) Initial parties: a. Drawer b. Drawee c. Payee Check- A bill of exchange drawn on a bank payable on demand. (Sec. 185, NIL) Initial parties: a. Drawer b. Drawee c. Payee *As to distinctions between a bill of exchange and a check, please see discussion of Prof. De Leon in Sec. 185. Characteristics: 1. Negotiability 2. Accumulation of Secondary Contracts FORM OF A NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT Section 1. Form of negotiable instruments. – An instrument to be negotiable must conform to the following requirements: (a) It must be in writing and signed by the maker or drawer; (b) Must contain an unconditional promise or order1 to pay a sum certain in money2; 1In relation to Sec. 3 2In relation...
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...complete until indorsed by him Parties: 1. Maker—one who makes a promise and signs the instrument 2. Payee—party to whom the promise is made or the instrument is payable BILL OF EXCHANGE •unconditional order in writing addressed by one person to another signed by the person giving it •requiring the person to whom it’s addressed to pay on demand or at a fixed or determinable future time a sum certain in money to order or to bearer Parties: 1. Drawer—one who gives the order to pay money to a 3rd party 2. Drawee—person to whom the bill is addressed and who is ordered to pay 3. Payee—party in whose favor the bill is drawn or is payable When bill may be treated as promissory note. 1. Where the drawer and the drawee are the person such as, in a draft drawn by an agent on his principal by authority of the principal. 2. Where the drawee is a fictitious person. 3. Where the drawee has no capacity to contract. Referee in case of need – is the person whose name was inserted by the drawer of the bill and any indorser to whom the holder may resort in case of need – that is in case the bill is dishonored by non-acceptance or by non-payment. Note: It is the option of the holder to resort to the referee in case of need or not as he may see fit. BEARER Person in possession of a bill/note payable to bearer HOLDER Payee or indorsee of a...
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...1. Negotiable Instruments – written contracts for the payment of money; by its form, intended as a substitute for money and intended to pass from hand to hand, to give the holder in due course the right to hold the same and collect the sum due. 2. Characteristics of Negotiable Instruments: a. negotiability – right of transferee to hold the instrument and collect the sum due b. accumulation of secondary contracts – instrument is negotiated from person to person 3. Difference between Negotiable Instruments from Non-Negotiable Instruments: Negotiable Instruments | Non-negotiable Instruments | Contains all the requisites of Sec. 1 of the NIL | does not contain all the requisites of Sec. 1 of the NIL | Transferred by negotiation | transferred by assignment | Holder in due course may have better rights than transferor | transferee acquires rights only of his transferor | Prior parties warrant payment | prior parties merely warrant legality of title | Transferee has right of recourse against intermediate parties | transferee has no right of recourse | 4. Difference between Negotiable Instruments and Negotiable Documents of Title Negotiable Instruments | Negotiable Documents of Title | Have requisites of Sec. 1 of the NIL | does not contain requisites of Sec. 1 of NIL | Have right of recourse against intermediate parties who are secondarily liable | no secondary liability of intermediate parties | Holder in due course may...
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... |Executive Summary |2 | |1 |General Introduction | | | |Introduction to the Topic |4 | | |Company Profile |6 | | |Non performing assets |10 | |2 | Research Methodology |32 | |3 | Data Analysis & Interpretation |38 | |4 | Findings, Suggestions & Conclusions |64 | |5 | Annexure: | | | |a) Bibliography |68 | | |b) Questionnaire |70 | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Studying books and merely...
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...Internship Report on Functions oF credit risk management in non Banking Financial institutions (nBFi) in Bangladesh A study on IDLC Finance Limited Internship Report on Functions oF credit risk management in non Banking Financial institutions (nBFi) in Bangladesh A study on IDLC Finance Limited Submitted to: Sharmin Shabnam Rahman Dewan Mostafizur Rahman Internship supervisor of the submitter BRAC Business School (BBS) BRAC University Submitted By: Chowdhury Tasmiah Jabeen ID-06104024 BRAC Business School (BBS) BRAC University Date of Submission: 23rd December 2009 Letter of Transmittal_______________________ 23rd December 2009 Sharmin Shabnam Rahman BRAC Business School (BBS) BRAC University Subject: Submission of Internship Report of BBA Programme Dear Madam, It is my great pleasure to submit the internship report on "Functions of Credit Risk management in Non Banking Financial Institutions (NBFI) in Bangladesh, A study on IDLC Finance Ltd " which is a part of BBA Programme to you for your consideration. I made sincere efforts to study related materials, documents, observe operations performed in IDLC Finance Limited and examine relevant records for preparation of the report. Within the time limit, I have tried my best to compile the pertinent information as comprehensively as possible and if you need any further information, I will be glad to assist you. Thanking you, Chowdhury Tasmiah Jabeen ID-06104024 BRAC...
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............................... 3 POLICY ON LOAN CLASSIFICATION AND PROVISIONING................................................ 10 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN BANK MANAGEMENT ...................................................... 16 RESTRICTION ON LENDING TO DIRECTORS OF PRIVATE BANKS .................................. 21 RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR APPOINTMENT OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE AND ADVISOR IN BANKS .................................................................................................................... 25 CONSTITUTION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND FIT AND PROPER TEST FOR APPOINTMENT OF BANK DIRECTORS AND DEPOSITOR DIRECTOR .............................. 27 CONSTITUTION OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS..................... 32 POLICY ON SINGLE BORROWER EXPOSURE …………………………………………….. 34 POLICY FOR RESCHEDULING OF LOANS .............................................................................. 38 POLICY FOR LOAN WRITE OFF ................................................................................................ 41 LARGE LOAN RESTRUCTURING SCHEME (LLRS) ............................................................... 42 REQUIREMENT FOR OBTAINING INFORMATION ON LARGE LOAN FROM CREDIT INFORMATION BUREAU ............................................................................................................ 44 PAYMENT OF DIVIDEND BY BANK COMPANIES................................................................. 44 LOAN AGAINST SHARES, DEBENTURES ETC .........
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...impression may be ink or lead.13 The former is of course preferable from the standpoint of sound and safe business practice. Signature. An instrument to be negotiable must be signed. "No person is liable on the instrument whose signature does not appear thereon, except as herein otherwise expressly provided. But one who signs in a trade or assumed name will be liable to the same extent as if he had signed in his own name." Example 8. Anotesigned "Western Novelty Co., Unincorporated" binds all who go under that trade name, assuming that the note is given under the authority of those sought to be held. Printed or lithographed signature is a legal signature,15 but not good practice except onbondcoupons, or the bonds themselves, in which case it ought to be so provided in the bond, and if used on a bond, authentication of each delivered bond ought to be requisite to its validity. Signature by agent. " The signature of any party may be made by duly authorized agent. No particularformof appointment is necessary for this purpose, and the...
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...9-595-026 REV: OCTOBER 2, 2002 V. KASTURI RANGAN Citibank: Launching the Credit Card in Asia Pacific (A) On a rainy afternoon in 1989, Rana Talwar, head of Citibank's Asia Pacific Consumer Bank, reflected upon the 11 years that had gone by since the Consumer Bank had established its consumer business in Asia. The branch banking business operations in 15 countries throughout Asia Pacific and the Middle East projected Citibank as a prestigious, consumer-oriented international bank and as the undisputed leader in most marketplaces. With earnings of $69.7 million in 1988, and a goal of $100 million in 1990, Talwar considered the launch of a new product (credit cards) as a way of growing future revenues. (See Exhibit 1 for 1988 performance.) Cards could prove to be an excellent way to overcome distribution limitations imposed on foreign banks in the Asia-Pacific region: first, by acquiring card members, by targeting customers outside its branch business and, then, by actively cross-selling other Citibank products and services to these customers. In the past, the credit card idea had met with skepticism from Citibank's New York headquarters as well as its country managers. Many in New York considered it a risky investment. Senior credit managers questioned the wisdom of issuing cards in markets with annual per capita income of $350 and also in markets with little credit experience and hardly any infrastructure. The Citibank management recognized that the economies of most Asia-Pacific...
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...NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT,1881 Definition of a Negotiable Instrument. The law relating to negotiable instruments is contained in the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. It is an Act to define and amend the law relating to promissory notes, bills of exchange and cheques. The Act does not affect the custom or local usage relating to an instrument in oriental language i.e., a Hundi. The term "negotiable instrument" means a document transferable from one person to another. However the Act has not defined the term. It merely says that "A .negotiable instrument" means a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque payab1e either to order or to bearer. [Section 13(1)] A negotiable instrument may be defined as "an instrument, the. property in which is acquired by anyone who takes it bona fide, and for value, notwithstan~ing any defect of title in the person from whom he took it, from which it follo~s that an instrument cannot be negotiable unless it is such and in such a state that the true owner could transfer the contract or engagement contained therein by simple delivery of instrument" (Willis- The Law of Negotiable Securities, Page 6). According to this definition the following are the conditions of negotiability: (i) The instrument should be freely transferable. An instrument cannot be negotiable unless it is such and in such state that the true owner could transfer by simple delivery or endorsement and delivery. (ii) The person who takes it for value...
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...NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT,1881 Definition of a Negotiable Instrument. The law relating to negotiable instruments is contained in the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. It is an Act to define and amend the law relating to promissory notes, bills of exchange and cheques. The Act does not affect the custom or local usage relating to an instrument in oriental language i.e., a Hundi. The term "negotiable instrument" means a document transferable from one person to another. However the Act has not defined the term. It merely says that "A .negotiable instrument" means a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque payab1e either to order or to bearer. [Section 13(1)] A negotiable instrument may be defined as "an instrument, the. property in which is acquired by anyone who takes it bona fide, and for value, notwithstan~ing any defect of title in the person from whom he took it, from which it follo~s that an instrument cannot be negotiable unless it is such and in such a state that the true owner could transfer the contract or engagement contained therein by simple delivery of instrument" (Willis- The Law of Negotiable Securities, Page 6). According to this definition the following are the conditions of negotiability: (i) The instrument should be freely transferable. An instrument cannot be negotiable unless it is such and in such state that the true owner could transfer by simple delivery or endorsement and delivery. (ii) The person who takes it for value...
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