...profound effects on an individual's family, eating habits, sleeping, school life, or work. B. According to DSM-5, a manual used in examining mental health conditions, this condition is marked by moods that are depressed, and it may occur every day for about two weeks to a person. The symptoms may frequently be in the morning. II. It is believed that social, psychological, and biological factors play an active role in the cause of the severe disorder. This is according to biopsychological model. A. According to the diathesis-stress model, depression is as a result of diathesis or preexisting vulnerabilities that are activated by an event that is stressful (Adler,1956). This is according to Adler. Preexisting vulnerabilities, in this case, may refer to the genetic meaning interaction between nurture and nature, or schematic. B. Severe depression may be triggered by grief after losing a loved one through, divorce, death, or separation. Major challenges in life, feeling of being deprived or social isolation may be the cause of depression (Klein, Herron & Belcher, 2013). III. The problem being experienced by Joe can be analyzed and explained using psychodynamic theory. The psychodynamic theory focuses on the relationship emotional, mind (psyche) and mental, motivational forces in the mind, which interact to shape the personality of a person. A. Gabbard tried to explain the psychodynamic theory better by saying that during a depression, unconscious...
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...Unit II Case Study: “Supporting Mobile Health Clinics: The Children’s Health Fund of New York City” The Children’s Health Fund is a national non-profit organization that was founded on providing health care to the nation’s needy and underprivileged children. The CHF began over 25 years ago by reaching out to homeless kids in New York City and delivering health care through a mobile medical clinic (MMC) driven around the city to locations and neighborhoods seeking out children to provide basic health care to. Over the years, the organization has expanded across the country with MMCs in different cities with the CHF offering a full range of programs, from not only children healthcare, but healthcare for needy families, health education and preventative care, to the diagnosis and management of acute and chronic diseases (“Health Care for Kids” n.d.). More recently, the CHF and MMCs have expanded their service to include mobile clinics in response following national disasters and crisis events. The CHF and the mobile health care service it provides has had its number of challenges in implementation over the years. With the main challenge of reaching out and expanding coverage to help those of need, there are several other areas that challenge the organization and its operation. The MMCs face the challenge of accommodating the proper amount of space and medical equipment needed to provide high quality healthcare. This challenge is a goal of each MMC to provide a central home...
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...| | |Course Project | |Flaws in Advance Directives, Living Wills, and Power of Attorney | Introduction A Living Will is a form of an advance directive that is a “legal document that describes those treatments an individual wishes or does not wish to receive should he or she becomes incapacitated and unable to make medical decisions” (Pazgar, 2007, p. 378). Normally in a Living Will an individual would also indicate another individual as his or her power of attorney in the legal document; however, it is not necessary for a living will to be created with a power of attorney or a power of attorney to be created with a living will though it is highly recommended to do so. This is due to the fact that each has its flaws and each could compensate for one another though in reality it could create more conflicts too. For a physician or any other healthcare provider to go against a patient’s autonomy means that there are many legal problems these physicians may face because...
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...Abstract Addictions covers a range of maladaptive traits to include substance use, alcohol or behavior leading to significant impairments. There are various causes of addiction, but some theoretical frameworks indicates that addictions may have a genetic component that leads to a predisposition to develop addiction, a disease model of addiction or as the result of self-medicating of a primary disorder. This paper will take a theoretical view of the causes of addiction as well as developing a working definition of addiction. Causes of Addiction There are numerous theories regarding addiction and the causes of addiction; however, for the purpose of this paper we will discuss three areas or models of addiction as it relates to substance and alcohol related abuse. Before delving into the causes of addiction we will develop an understanding of what addiction is and what it is not by viewing a few theories and definitions of addiction. We will also develop an understanding of what constitute a diagnosis of addiction and causes one to develop an addiction in the context of genetic predisposition, disease and the prevalence of addiction among individuals with co-occurring disorders stemming from traumatic experiences such as childhood abuse. Addiction Defining addiction is not a simplistic task as there are many theories and definitions of addiction and how addiction develops. In Drugs and addiction: an Introduction to Epigenetics, Wong...
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...The case study shows how ones idea of making the world a better place by helping a certain demographic of people to get health care that is well needed can be challenging. After reading the case study I conclude that the needs for Mobile Medical Clinics are a great idea and they are needed to help those who can’t help themselves. I personally feel that Mobile Medical Clinics will always be needed, because we will need to take medical care to people who can’t get to it and also when there is natural disaster, being mobile has its advantages. While MMC’s are a great thing to have around, they are faced with many challenges that they need to overcome to be better efficient, especially with all the new technology and changing laws. The mobile medical clinic provides many patients with different types of medical services and requires them to attain personal information and store it properly. In order to do this there is a need for great technology. HIPPA regulates the need for security for both physical files and also electronic files. MMC’s must find the technology that is required by law to safely and securely manage personal information received from their patients. CIO Weisman wonders how MMC could offer better support and the answer for me is to offer AIDS tests because this is an ongoing epidemic that haunts a certain demographic also. Another great idea that I have seen in Alabama is the Mammogram on wheels it travels and it offers free breast exams, this would...
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...protect, obscure, place blame, or manipulate. As children, most individuals were taught that lying was wrong. From hearing parents say common quotes like, “the truth shall set you free”, or from the many consequences received for lying, people were meant to be have honesty enforced their minds. There is no doubt truth actually is enforced in our minds, according to a study by expert of Developmental Science, Dr. Fu Genyue, Ph.D, “Children of all ages categorize lies as lies and truth as truth” (499). Research in the medical field shows that “deception is judged as justified in some contexts involving the prevention of harm” (Freeman 2274). Of course lying is not acceptable when speaking under oath or at confessions with a priest, but lying is definitely justifiable in certain situations were it can be used as a protection factor to protect the feelings, securities, and lives of others. We are all put into very awkward situations at some points of our lives where we may feel lying to spare one's feelings was the best option. One common situation is being asked, “Do I look fine in this outfit?”. If the person does look fine it is okay to say so, but it is when that person may not that we produce what is called a “white lie”. While many people may recognize the words “white lie”, there is no clear understanding of what it means. According to Sudhanshu Kumar Mishra, Ph.D, who is a expert in Economics, a white lie is “ a lie used to avoid offense such as complementing something...
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...1.0 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Scope of the Study 1.2 Objectives of the Study 1.3 Organization of the Study 1.4 Limitations 2.0 Chapter 2 Introduction 2.1 Objectives 2.1.1 Understanding the importance of fashion industry 2.1.1.1 Introduction 2.1.2 Examine the innovations of fashion communication 2.1.2.1 Introduction 2.1.3 Evaluate the scope and challenges with fashion ethical issues 2.1.3.1 Introduction 2.1.4 Study the future prospect of fashion marketing 2.1.4.1 Introduction 3.0 Chapter 3 Introduction 3.1 Case study 4.0 Chapter 4 Conclusion 1.0 Chapter 1 Introduction Fashion is a general term for a trendy style, most commonly related to clothing, jewelry, shoes, accessories, make up, or furniture. Fashion is also something we deal with daily and changes constantly as time progresses. New fashion ideas can be influenced by music, movies, videos, books and other related (items and media connected to popular culture. Due to these changes and relationship with popular culture, fashion is a big business. The fashion industry is involved in the purchasing, selling and manufacturing of clothing. It solely focuses on generational fashion trends and to figure out consumer's liking in different segmentations. (pbs.org) The fashion industry is one of the major contributing sectors in the global economy; it had created various job opportunities for the people. Most noticeably, the industry has designed and manufactured clothing...
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...been a well accepted practice over the past thirty years. However, from an economical point of view, a complete life cycle cost analysis (LCCA), which includes not only costs to agencies but also costs to users, is urgently needed to assess the benefits of using geotextile in secondary road flexible pavement. Two design methods were used to quantify the improvements of using geotextiles in pavements. One was developed at Virginia Tech by Al-Qadi in 1997, and the other was developed at Montana State University by Perkins in 2001. In this study, a comprehensive life cycle cost analysis framework was developed and used to quantify the initial and the future cost of 25 representative low volume road design alternatives. A 50 year analysis cycle was used to compute the cost-effectiveness ratio when geotextiled is used for the design methods. The effects of three flexible pavement design parameters were evaluated; and their impact on the results was investigated. The study concludes that the cost effectiveness ratio from the two design methods shows that the lowest cost-effectiveness ratio using Al-Qadi’s design method is 1.7 and the highest is 3.2. The average is 2.6. For...
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...Pediatrics, and 4Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, 'Laboratory of Developmental Neuroscience, Harris Center for Developmental Studies, Summary Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to be familial and heritable, in previous studies. As with most psychiatric disorders, examination of pedigrees has not revealed a consistent Mendelian mode of transmission. The response of ADHD patients to medications that inhibit the dopamine transporter, including methylphenidate, amphetamine, pemoline, and bupropion, led us to consider the dopamine transporter as a primary candidate gene for ADHD. To avoid effects of population stratification and to avoid the problem of classification of relatives with other psychiatric disorders as affected or unaffected, we used the haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HHRR) method to test for association between a VNTR polymorphism at the dopamine transporter locus (DAT1) and DSM-IR-diagnosed ADHD (N = 49) and undifferentiated attention-deficit disorder (UADD) (N = 8) in trios composed of father, mother, and affected offspring. HHRR analysis revealed significant association between ADHD/UADD and the 480-bp DAT1 allele (X2 7.51, 1 df, P = .006). When cases of UADD were dropped from the analysis, similar results were found (X2 7.29, 1 df, P = .007). If these findings are replicated, molecular analysis of the dopamine transporter gene may identify mutations...
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...date: 6 November 2013 Leadership & People: Tutor: XXX Prepared by: Stephanie Gartrell Student ID: XXX Due date: 6 November 2013 Leadership & People: Tutor: XXX Prepared by: Stephanie Gartrell Student ID: XXX Executive Summary Designing and implementing a compensation package that rewards all staff according to performance, and succeeds in appealing to their individual motivations is an enormous challenge for any organisation. Some find it easier to simply pay a percentage increase to all staff, irrespective of their performance. A literature review was undertaken to determine both the current and historical views of performance management. A vast amount of material has been written in journal articles and textbooks. All point to the complexity of the issue and the apparent inability to find a solution that will suit all. For the last 100 years, HR specialists, psychologists and economists have been collaborating to try and develop a system which would have broad appeal for both staff and employers. Many theorists contributed to the discussions, asserting that individual motivations for pay were based on the theory of agency, goal, control, expectancy, or reinforcement. Performance management systems are necessary to enable companies to enable them to attract, retain and motivate the best calibre of employees, thereby assisting companies to achieve their organisational goals. However, different people are motivated by different things. Some...
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...O’Jaye Williams Case Study, Unit IV “The Cliptomania Web Store” Cliptomania has a uniqueness being that it started out as an online retailer at the peak of the internet boom. Although they are currently operating in business, they were bold enough to face the storm by providing a unique product that wasn't available in stores or online. It is worth noting that they were successful because of their market strategy and not on their technology. During this time many other online retail companies provided a much better overall web user interface experience; however, the product and service provided by Cliptomania made a major difference. Perhaps if the company had the ability to fund better systems at the onset of their business they would have had the possibility to grow much larger since customer's want service and a great product. However, they also want it to be easy to buy. The company made a great effort at putting together some basic HTML web pages-- they had no previous experience in creating such content. It is apparent that they understood if their product was successful in local retail stores there was likely a much larger demographic that would take interest in buying their product. Their handling of financial transactions was one of the major issues they faced with their initial e-business venture. Initially, they took phone orders. Yet, the ability to manage all of the orders demanded cost labor and time. The company did not have this budgeted in at startup...
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...ECRM 2007: 6th European Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management Studies Using PEST Analysis as a Tool for Refining and Focusing Contexts for Information Systems Research Guo Chao Alex Peng, Miguel Baptista Nunes Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield, Regent Court, Sheffield, S1 4DP, UK lip05gcp@sheffield.ac.uk, j.m.nunes@sheffield.ac.uk Abstract It is common for inexperienced researchers and research students to aim at investigating very wide contexts such as countries (e.g. China, India, UK), regions (e.g. the Arab Countries) or even continents (e.g. Africa). Such studies in Information Systems (IS) are not only unrealistic and potentially unfeasible, but may result in findings that are neither significant nor meaningful. Research supervisors often face difficulties in explaining and resolving these common pitfalls in research proposals. This paper proposes the use of Political, Economic, Social and Technological (PEST, also often referred to as STEP) analysis as a tool to identify narrower contexts and focus research questions around feasible and meaningful regional contexts. It illustrates this process with the results of an analysis carried out as part of an ongoing PhD research project. The project aims to investigate the barriers and risks associated with the post-implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in Chinese companies. PEST analysis was used to define an appropriate region in China (i.e. Guangdong)...
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...JAMES F. LAWRENCE, & SUZANNE O. GRESLE Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA Abstract Tube feeding can be an appropriate and effective means of providing nutrition for individuals who are unable to achieve adequate nourishment orally because of various medical problems. However, the delivery of nutrients by tube feeding can cause ethical dilemmas in cases where the effectiveness of tube feeding diminishes and medical complications increase. The decision to tube feed is often influenced by regional and cultural preferences, as well as the high cost of providing mealtime assistance. The effectiveness and appropriateness of tube feeding has been the subject of much debate as it applies to those with severe cognitive impairments and those who are in a persistent vegetative state (PVS). Recent research shows that in these vulnerable populations, tube feeding alone does not necessarily prevent malnutrition and risk of infection or improve functional status and comfort. While advanced directives allow an individual to make decisions about his or her care at the end of life, court cases and religious doctrine examine the individual’s right to autonomous decision making in opposition to preserving the sanctity of life. As long as the outcome of this debate is largely undecided, the process of dying may be prolonged for those who can no longer advocate for themselves. Keywords: Enteral feeding, tube feeding, ethics, persistent vegetative state, dementia...
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...Public Relations Cases This collection of contemporary international public relations case studies is an invaluable resource for teachers, researchers and students working in public relations, corporate communications and public affairs, as well as offering practitioners an indepth understanding of the effective use of public relations in a range of organizational contexts. Including cases from the UK, Norway, Sweden, Spain, South Africa, Canada and the USA, with a focus on such global corporations as Shell, BBC America, Worldcom, PriceWaterhouseCoopers and Marks & Spencer, it offers important insights into the development of public relations and communications strategies. These include: • • • • • • • • Corporate identity change and management Global reputation management Crisis management in the oil, shipping and tourism industries Developing strategic alliances between voluntary and private sector organizations Public relations support for international branding and market entry The importance of internal communications during international mergers The integration of public relations and marketing communications Business-to-business communication The cases examined in this book demonstrate the breadth of contemporary public relations practice and the increasing importance of the public relations function in both public and private sector organizations worldwide. Danny Moss is Co-Director of the Centre for Corporate and Public Affairs at the Manchester Metropolitan University...
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...retailing (e-retailing), these social needs are largely unmet in e-shopping. In the high street, women do most of the shopping but online shopping (e-shopping) tends to be dominated by male shoppers. At the same time, social networking is growing fast and is especially popular amongst young females. The purpose of this paper is to draw on prior research about why people shop in order to explore the concept of social e-shopping, based on combining e-shopping with social networking. We propose that shoppers, particularly young females, will prefer social e-shopping to traditional e-shopping. We carried out a qualitative study for our propositions with a comparison experiment, semistructured questionnaire and focus group, to compare a traditional e-shopping website with a social e-shopping one. The findings reveal that young women prefer social e-shopping sites. Both utilitarian and hedonic young adult female shoppers found social e-shopping enjoyable and useful. However, although many participants found the social e-shopping site more difficult to use, this was outweighed by their enjoyment of the site and its usefulness. The study demonstrates the potential value of the concept of social e-shopping for future research. The findings have practical implications in that social e-shopping can be a valuable strategy for e-retailers wanting to...
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