...Ignatius Hall x4473 www.wju.edu/arc How Do I Write a Cause-Effect Essay? Your mission, should you choose to accept it (and since your composition grade hangs in the balance, the ARC’s advice is to accept it enthusiastically), is to write a cause-effect essay. You’ll need a thesis, of course, but before you can develop one, you’ll need to establish a few cause-effect parameters. 1. What effect or effects will you be analyzing in the essay? 2. What causal chain leads to the effect? 3. What primary cause (also known as the main cause, or necessary cause, or first cause) is the basis for the causal chain, and thus, the basis for the effect? (It’s imperative to establish a causal chain, but it’s not enough. There can be more than one chain; there can be more than one effect; but there should only be one primary cause.) 4. What relationship will you be trying to establish between cause and effect (your topic), and why (your thesis) ? Causes ü First, of course, there is the primary cause. This is the necessary cause without which the effect could not occur; it’s the first link in any causal chains that follows. ü Then there are the sufficient causes, which by themselves might produce the effect you’ve chosen to discuss in your paper, yet still find their root farther back along the chain in the primary cause. Example: Say that your topic is the causes for the effect of roommate feuds. • Contributing causes might be sloppiness, bad music, and staying up all night...
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...ECONOMICS EXAMINATION GUIDELINES GRADE 12 2014 These guidelines consist of 25 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over Economics 2 Examination Guidelines DBE/2014 INDEX PAGE 3 1. INTRODUCTION 2. ASSESSMENT IN GRADE 12 2.1 Format of the question papers 2.2 Detail of question papers 4 4 4 3. CONTENT 6 4. CONCLUSION Copyright reserved 25 Please turn over Economics 1. 3 Examination Guidelines DBE/2014 INTRODUCTION The Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) for Economics outlines the nature and purpose of the subject Economics. This guides the philosophy underlying the teaching and assessment of the subject in Grade 12. The purpose of these Examination Guidelines is to: • • Provide clarity on the depth and scope of the content to be assessed in the Grade 12 National Senior Certificate (NSC) Examination in Economics. Assist teachers to adequately prepare learners for the examinations. This document deals with the final Grade 12 external examinations. It does not deal in any depth with the School-Based Assessment (SBA). This guideline should be read in conjunction with: • • • The National Curriculum Statement (NCS) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS): Economics The National Protocol of Assessment: An addendum to the policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), regarding the National Protocol for Assessment (Grades R–12) The national policy pertaining...
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...------------------------------------------------- Università Carlo Cattaneo-Liuc ------------------------------------------------- Scuola di Economica e Management Corso di Laurea in Global Markets ReLATORE/TUTOR: Rodolfo helg Paper di Laurea di : Luca Cantadori Matricola: 14771 Paper di Laurea di : Luca Cantadori Matricola: 14771 Anno Accademico : 2012/2013 Anno Accademico : 2012/2013 CONSEQUENCES OF ECONOMIC GROWTH ON THE ENVIRONMENT:Focus on International Trade i. Economic growth and the environment ii. Environmental Kuznets curve: a. Kuznets Curve:Income inequality and growth b. Income inequality , growth and the environment iii. Population growth: how increasing population could affect the environment iv. Economic impacts of environmental policies: c. Economic growth: investment and innovation d. Effect on competitiveness v. International Trade and the environment vi. Effects of Trade on the environment vii. Trade due to differences in Environmental Policies: e. Pollution Haven case viii. Trade not due to differences in Environmental policies: f. Comparative advantage and environment: how factor endowments can influence environment ix. Conclusion x. References xi. Abstract i.Economic growth and the environment In the first half of the twentieth...
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...[pic] |TERM PAPER | |MODERN PHYSICS AND ELECTRONICS | | | | | | | |COSMIC RAYS AND ITS EFFECTS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ...
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...learning of English writing. Sixty students participated in the study as subjects. They were asked to write a composition within 100-120 words on the topic of °± Creating a Green Campus°± which comes from 2009 Cet-4 Test Paper. In addition, a questionnaire was done and analyzed and discussed on the negative impact of Chinese on university students°ØEnglish writing. Results showed that the main problems in Chinese university students°Ø English writing include digression from the point, too many grammatical mistakes, unidiomatic expression, confuseing usage of words. These problems were mainly caused by the negative impact of Chinese which played a bigger part than its positive impact in Chinese university students°Ø English writing. This paper makes a detailed comprehensive description of the main problems and the causes of the problems. Accordingly some suggestions were proposed to help both teachers and students have a better understanding of the negative impact of Chinese on university students°Ø Engli 1. Introduction According to some statistics, the average score in composition of 2003 Cet-4 for those key university students was only 5.8 against 15 as the full mark (Hu Meihua, 2004). It is pointed out that it is quite common for the university students to make many grammatical and spelling mistakes in their compositions. What is more serious£¨ their compositions often stray away from the point. From the above, it is quite clear...
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...Guided Reading By Maria Gonzalez mgonzalez147@email.itt-tech.edu 14237249 Associate of Science degree in Network Systems Administration EN 1320 Composition I ITT Technical Institute – Clovis, CA October 11th, 2013 Chapter 9 (Writing Today, pp. 171-196) 1. What is the purpose of a commentary? Commentaries are used to express opinions on current issues and events, offering new and interesting perspectives that help readers understand the world in which they live. It is to convince readers to agree with you and, perhaps, to change their minds. 2. What is the basic organizational pattern of the commentary? * A topic based on current events or current issues. * An introduction that immediately engages the reader by clearly announcing the issue under examination, the writer’s thesis, and the angle he or she will take on this topic. * An explanation of the current event or issue that reviews what happened and the ongoing conversation about it. * An argument for a specific position that includes reasoning, evidence, examples, and observations. * A clarification that qualifies the argument, avoiding the tendency to overgeneralize or oversimplify the topic. * A conclusion that offers an overall assessment of the issue, highlights its importance to readers, and looks to the future. 3. What are strategies for inventing the content of your commentary? You should begin by listening, understanding; listen for what is not being said, or...
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...CHE0315 DISADVANTAGES OF FIREWORKS ON HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT Name of Group Member 1. Nur Izzati binti Abdul Latif 153692 2. Nurhalida binti Abdul Rasid 154082 3. Aifa Syazwani bt Awang Damit 150415 4. Sarah Atiqah bt Abdul Rahim 155656 Group Number: 09 Name of Lecturer: Asiah binti Mohd Shafiee Course: Allied Health Science Semester: 1 PROJECT PLANNING OBJECTIVES. 1. To analyze the function of every substance in the fireworks. 2. To study the properties of substance that cause damage towards health and environment. 3. To find the solution on how to reduce the damage of fireworks. 4. To investigate the rate of damage that cause by fireworks to health and environment. DIVISION OF WORKS. Name Tasks | Nur Izzati bt Abdul Latif. | Nurhalida bt Abdul Rashid | Aifa Syazwani bt Awang Damit | Sarah Atiqah bt Abdul Rahim. | Objectives | | | * | | Division of work | * | | | | Timeline | | * | | | Introduction | * | | | | Discussion of Issues | * * History of fireworks. * Development of fireworks. | * * Properties of fireworks. | * * The type of fireworks. | * * How do fireworks work. | Analysis of Issues | | * * Disadvantages...
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...Chapter 9 (Writing Today, pp. 171–196) 1. What is the purpose of a commentary? * The purpose of a commentary is to express opinions on current issues and events. 2. What is the basic organizational pattern of the commentary? * Basic Organization of a commentary is Introduction, Explain the current event or issue, Support for your argument *3, Clarification of your argument, and your conclusion. 3. What are strategies for inventing the content of your commentary? * For inventing the content of your commentary you need a good and recent event/ topic. You want to watch the news, and research the event to find out what people are talking about. 4. Which sources do you consult to gain information about what others know? * The sources you consult to gain information about what others know are, Online sources, Print sources, and Empirical sources. 5. What are strategies for organizing and drafting your commentary? * The Introduction – State your purpose and state your main point/ thesis statement * Explain the Current Event or Issue- Give enough background information to help readers understand the event or issue. Also show your readers that you understand the conversation. * Support Your Position- Each reason for your argument should support the main point or thesis, you stated in the introduction. Your support needs to steadily build up your argument for your side of the issue. * Clarify Your Position – Show your...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY The experience of business failure and financial scandals around the world brought about the need for good governance practices. The United States of American, Brazil, Canada, Germany, France, England, Nigeria all witnessed financial failures in the 90s and in the recent periods. This view was supported by Bell et al (2000), that the last 20 years witnessed several bank failures throughout the world. Financial distresses in most of these countries were attributed to a high incidence of non – performing loans, weak management and poor credit policy. In the view of Omankhanlen (2011), the development was said to have reflected the deterioration in the quality of credit facilities, coupled with the ongoing reclassification of bank assets. The banking institution occupies a vital position in the stability of the nation’s economy. It plays essential roles on fund mobilization, credit allocation, payment and settlement system as well as monetary policy implementation. Management is expected to exhibit good governance practices to ensure achievement of it objectives and avoid the consequences of failure leading to loss of confidence. This view was supported by Wilson (2006) that poor corporate governance can lead market to lose confidence in the inability of a bank to properly manage it assets and liability, including deposits which could in turn trigger a bank liquidity crisis. Oluyemi (2005) considered corporate governance...
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...BOFIT Discussion Papers 19 • 2011 Zhichao Zhang, Nan Shi and Xiaoli Zhang China’s new exchange rate regime, optimal basket currency and currency diversification Bank of Finland, BOFIT Institute for Economies in Transition BOFIT Discussion Papers Editor-in-Chief Laura Solanko BOFIT Discussion Papers 19/2011 23.7.2011 Zhichao Zhang, Nan Shi and Xiaoli Zhang: China’s new exchange rate regime, optimal basket currency and currency diversification ISBN 978-952- 462-714-6 ISSN 1456-5889 (online) This paper can be downloaded without charge from http://www.bof.fi/bofit Suomen Pankki Helsinki 2011 BOFIT- Institute for Economies in Transition Bank of Finland BOFIT Discussion Papers 19/2011 Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Tiivistelmä ........................................................................................................................................... 4 1 2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5 Theoretical model ..................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3 Policy goal .................................................................................................................... 12 Trade...
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...Ateneo de Naga University High School Grade 7 Science: Third Term Unit and Syllabus Lesson Plans (Regular Program) School Year 2013-2014 Teacher: VINCENT EDUARD A. STA.C LARA LG 7414 Unit V. EARTH AND SPACE 36 sessions | D E S I R E D R E S U L T S | ESTABLISHED GOALS 1. Demonstrate understanding of the physical features of the Philippine archipelago and its natural resources, including the ways by which these resources are conserved and protected.2. Demonstrate understanding of the different phenomena that occur in the atmosphere and how they affect human activities.3. Demonstrate understanding on the occurrences of eclipses.4. Demonstrate understanding of the relationships of the seasons and the position of the sun in the sky.• C1.2 Desire to improve themselves, to continually gain a deeper understanding of who theyare, and to become more authentically free and decisive in their actions• C1.6 Develop the perspectives over central ideas, methodologies, and conceptual geographies of the variety of intellectual disciplines • C1.7 Seek meaningful application of knowledge and skills to life situation• C1.10 Grow in awareness of the global nature of many social problems and relates them to the current issues and historical antecedents• C2.1 Acknowledge that there are universal values which qualify a truly human life• C2.2 Accept their weaknesses and strengths with genuine humility• C2.6 Respect respectable law and...
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...Hanushek, John F. Kain, Jacob M. Markman, and Steven G. Rivkin* December 1999 Abstract Empirical analysis of peer effects on student achievement has been limited, and what exists has been open to question because of the difficulties of identifying peer effects per se. Our strategy to identify peer group effects involves the elimination of problems introduced by unmeasured or mismeasured influences on achievement through the estimation of achievement growth models with fixed individual and school-by-grade effects. Our basic estimation of elementary school achievement growth indicates that the achievement level and racial composition of peers has a direct influence on achievement. All students appear to benefit from having higher achieving schoolmates, although the effect is quite small. The variance in achievement appears to have no systematic influence, and the effects of mean differences in peer achievement levels are roughly constant across quartiles of the achievement distribution – suggesting that ability grouping policies have primary influence on the distribution of performance and not the level. Moreover, ceteris paribus schools with higher concentrations of minority students lead to lower achievement for Black students but minimal effects on whites or Hispanics. Paper prepared for the Conference on Empirics of Social Interactions Brookings Institution January 14-15, 2000 * University of Rochester...
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...The purpose of the enzyme lab conducted was to observe the chemical composition of cells. In order to do so we tested for the presence of organic molecules. Molecules are what forms when atoms bond together. Organic molecules of cells include proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, which are composed of smaller molecules known as monomers and polymers. Polymers are joined monomers. A chemical reaction links monomers together occurs and releases a water molecule, this is called dehydration synthesis. Hydrolysis separates polymers into monomers by using water to break bonds. Organic catalysts called enzymes are proteins that increase the speed of a chemical reaction. In the lab we used Biuret reagent to test for proteins, iodine solution to test for starch, paper to test for lipids. In the first lab, we tested for the presence of proteins in samples by using blue solution called Biuret reagent, which changes to purple when a protein is present and pinkish-purple for peptides. First test tubes were marked at 1cm and then filled to the mark with water, albumin, pepsin, and starch. Next, five drops of Biuret reagent was added to the sample, covered with Parafilm, and swirled to mix. The water remained clear, indicating the sample lacked the presence of proteins, and thus was our negative control. The albumin sample observed changed to an orange-purple color, indicating the presence of protein. The peptin sample changed to a pink-purple hue, testing positive for presence of peptides...
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...5.1 Physical Characteristics of Water 1. Pure water = colourless, tasteless, odourless 2. Exists in3 states – Solid, Liquid, Gas 3. Pure water – boils at 100C, freeze at 0C 4. Density = 1g/cm3 at 4C 5. Water turns (i) white anhydrous copper (II) sulphate blue (ii) blue cobalt chloride pale pink Effects of Impurities in Water 1. Impurities – increase water boiling point (>100C), decrease water freezing point (<0C) 5.2 The composition of water 1. Pure water = 2 hydrogen atoms + 1 oxygen atom 2. Composition of water can be determined by electrolysis of water. 3. Ratio of hydrogen to oxygen = 2:1 Ratio of oxygen to hydrogen = 1:2 5.3 Evaporation of water 1. Evaporation = Water (Liquid) Steam/Vapour (Gas) 2. Occurs at any temperature below boiling point. 3. Factors affecting rate of evaporation : (i) humidity of air (ii) surrounding temperature (iii) surface area of water (iv) movement of air Application of Evaporation of Water 1. Dry up wet clothes – sunny, windy day 2. Hot air from air dryer – dries hair faster 3. Preserve food – coconut, salted fish 4. Processing of milk powder 5.4 Solution and Solubility 1. | Solute + Solvent Solution | Solution and Suspension 1. Comparing dilute, concentrated and saturated solution. 2. Comparing solution and suspension. Solubility 1. Solubility = maximum amount of solute (gram) that dissolve in given amount of...
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...DRAFT – DO NOT QUOTE Abstract We investigate the contributions of independent directors to shareholder value by examining the stock price reaction to an exogenous event: sudden deaths of directors. Compiling an extensive database of sudden deaths of directors in the U.S. from 1994 to 2007, we find that following the death of an independent director, the firm’s stock price drops by almost 1% on average. For our control sample of inside and gray directors, we find no significant reaction to such events. The difference in abnormal returns following the sudden deaths of independent, gray and inside directors is statistically and economically significant given our sample’s average market capitalization of 5.3 billion dollars. Consistent with the view that independence is valuable, we find that stock prices react less negatively when the independent director is older, appointed to the board during the tenure of the current CEO, or when he has long board tenure. Our results hold when controlling for director-invariant heterogeneity (e.g. ability, experience, and skills) using a fixed-effect approach. Overall, our results demonstrate that independent directors provide a valuable service to shareholders. Keywords: Independent Director, Sudden Death, Firm Value, Corporate Governance JEL Classifications: G3, G30 We thank Betty Shuet Lin Ng and Crystal Yuk Ip Shiu for excellent research assistance. Nguyen thanks the Chinese University of Hong Kong for financial support through a...
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