...Recidivism Critical Response Essay for MKT611-91: Business Research Analysis In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the MBA By Edward Lenzy October 12, 2011 Introduction This proposal will describe the problem of an increase in recidivism among juvenile offenders in Stark County Family Court (SCFC). This chapter includes the purpose of the project, the setting and history of the problem, and the back round and the evidence of the problem of recidivism. Finally it will discuss the importance of the project, definition of terms and conclude with a summary. Purpose of Proposal The purpose of this proposal is to find ways to reduce recidivism among juveniles within the Stark County Family Court. The goal is to identify possible solutions to decrease juvenile recidivism and to determine if mental health issues are a factor that should be considered. Statement of the Problem The purpose of this project is to determine the factors involved with the increase of recidivism in juvenile offenders in the Intake Department of the Stark County Family Court. Setting and History of the Problem Stark County Family Court was established in 1970, located in Canton, Ohio. In Stark County, the Juvenile Court is placed under the jurisdiction of the Domestic Relations Division of the Court of Common Pleas. The purpose of SCFC is to provide the opportunity to have a fair and...
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...Rehabilitation Name Institution’s name Introduction Recidivism is a term derived from the Latin word recidivus which means recurring, as well as the term recido meaning to fall back. This term is essentially used to illustrate an individual who has repeated an undesirable behavior after which they have already been treated, trained to stop the behavior or have already suffered the repercussions of that behavior. (Rainer, 2013) Furthermore, it is used in the field of criminal justice describing inmates who have been released, then rearrested or reconvicted. There are four correctional models that have been implemented to help reduce cases of recidivism. They include: * Medical treatment model which refers to medical intervention prescribed medication aiming at reducing recidivism by reducing biological, biological impulses that led to a particular crime. * Rehabilitation model which is based on assumptions that criminal activity or behavior is caused by some factors. * Community model is whereby released inmates are kept under parole in their society whereby they do community service. * Retribution as a form of correction that focuses on evaluating the weight of the crime and it considers punishment proportional to the crime committed. * Justice model limits itself in the administration of punishment appropriate to severity of the crime committed and leads to imprisonment. Rehabilitation This is any measure taken with an aim of changing the offender’s...
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...Introduction: In Canada, for many years there has been growing concern and controversy about the over-representation of Aboriginals within the Criminal Justice System, a considerable problem that has been found to be more even extreme with Aboriginals female offenders. For Aboriginal women the rates of incarceration are particularly disturbing. Aboriginal women are over-represented in the federal prison system. They represent only 4% of the women in Canada yet account for 32% of the women in federal prisons. The number of Aboriginal women federally incarcerated has increased by 151% between 1997 and 2006 (Elizabeth Fry Society, 4). Aboriginal women are not only disproportionately over-represented but also the fastest growing population sentenced to federal prisons. The over-representation is even more pronounced in terms of Aboriginal women incarceration rates: As of April 2010, Aboriginal women accounted for 32.6% of the total female offender population (SOURCE 5). This means that one out of every three women federally incarcerated is of Aboriginal descent (Correctional Service Canada, 2009/2010, at 18). Furthermore they are over-represented in the maximum security prison population, making up 45% of the maximum security federally sentenced women, 44% of the medium security population and 18% of minimum security women in 2006 (Elizabeth Fry Society, 4). The justice system has played a major role in the creation of poor social conditions in Aboriginal communities today...
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...Rehabilitation Name Institution’s name Introduction Recidivism is a term derived from the Latin word recidivus which means recurring, as well as the term recido meaning to fall back. This term is essentially used to illustrate an individual who has repeated an undesirable behavior after which they have already been treated, trained to stop the behavior or have already suffered the repercussions of that behavior. (Rainer, 2013) Furthermore, it is used in the field of criminal justice describing inmates who have been released, then rearrested or reconvicted. There are four correctional models that have been implemented to help reduce cases of recidivism. They include: Medical treatment model which refers to medical intervention prescribed medication aiming at reducing recidivism by reducing biological, biological impulses that led to a particular crime. Rehabilitation model which is based on assumptions that criminal activity or behavior is caused by some factors. Community model is whereby released inmates are kept under parole in their society whereby they do community service. Retribution as a form of correction that focuses on evaluating the weight of the crime and it considers punishment proportional to the crime committed. Justice model limits itself in the administration of punishment appropriate to severity of the crime committed and leads to imprisonment. Rehabilitation This is any measure taken with an aim of changing the offender’s...
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...Recidivism Introduction Recidivism is defined by USlegal.com is a tendency to lapse into a previous pattern of behavior, especially a pattern of criminal habits. This research it will focus on the pattern of criminal behavior/habits. The topic of recidivism will be focused on the re-arrest, reconviction, or re-incarceration of former inmates. Recidivism is recognized as a serious variable outcome in corrections and a very complicated measurement problem. Recidivism occurs because of a new conviction or a violation of post-prison supervision on probation or parole. Statistical research studies have shown that recidivism occurs normally within a three year period from a prisoners release date and his/her return to prison or jail. Juveniles have the highest recidivism rate and it has been suggested from research to be caused due lower education and alcohol and or drug use. A current trend with court systems throughout the country is to use drug and alcohol treatment programs to reduce recidivism rates of offenders who commit drug and or alcohol related crimes. Higher education is strongly emphasized as well as programs to help prisoners to deal with and cope with the issues of being released back into regular society (Infoplease.com, 2007). The questions is does this work? The realistic and proven answer is that it does for some and for others it does not. Recidivism is an important issue with those concerned with public safety and the cost effectiveness of putting convicted...
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...of progress in a manner that reflects the trouble that this Bill brings to Canadian society. Bill C-10 was introduced by the Minister of Justice on the 20th of September 2011. The Act includes the enactment of the Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act and amendments to the State Immunity Act, the Criminal Code, the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, the Corrections and Conditional Release Act, the Youth Criminal Justice Act, the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act and other relevant legal documents (parl.gc.ca). Bill C-10 is also titled the Safe Streets and Communities Act but many critics say that this title is very misleading. The first Part of the Bill is the creation of the Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act which introduces a cause of action for victims of terrorism, allowing...
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...Long-Term Risks of Recidivism and Registration Failures among Sexual Offenders. This journal article is about what causes sexual offenders to reoffend. This article highlights two possible factors as to why recidivism is so high among sexual offenders; Static factors and dynamic factors. Static factors are unchangeable characteristics about a person (i.e. age, previous convictions). These factors work against the person as far as an inability to change their past or class. Dynamic factors are potentially changeable (i.e. levels of empathy, pro-criminal attitudes). These work for the criminal being as they can change their future, attitude, and decisions with counseling or rehabilitation. Other factors that have been researched in this article that have contributed to recidivism of sexual offenders are; race, having previous convictions, age and offender type (adult or child). As far as race goes, the overall findings did not “qualify a specific race”, but did find that being white did decrease the chances of recidivism and that blacks have a higher rate of recidivism than whites by 35%. Those with previous convictions seem to reoffend as well. Many sexual offenders have between one and four convictions, with several having more than four. Age and offender type seem to be predominantly middle age males of all races. Child offenders are low and so are female offenders. This article claims registration failures correlate to higher rates of recidivism. Successful...
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...criminals make their own personal choices to break the law but rather it argues that these personal choices are usually caused by certain factors which contribute to criminal behavior. Rehabilitation programs are therefore based on such perspectives where the various correctional programs are designed to deal with criminal enforcing behavior. For example counseling programs could focus on the behavior that led to the criminal offender committing the offense while educational programs could focus on how to change negative behavior to positive behavior. Correctional programs in prison facilities are therefore important in reducing the recurrence of criminal behavior as well as reducing recidivism among probationers and parolees. In general, rehabilitation programs have been effective in reducing recidivism among prison convicts since they are mostly focused on treating the criminal causing behavior of prisoners by eliminating completely the factors or...
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...Over crowding has become another issue in prisons, from 1982 to 2010 the prison population has grown from 501,886 to over 2.2 million; in 2010, including probation there are nearly 7 million offenders on record (11% in jail, 21% in prison, and 57% on probation) (Bales, Cochran, & Mears, 2014). Among the overcrowded prison populations, inmates or former inmates have filed lawsuits against the prisons they served their sentence at for the inhuman living conditions they were exposed to, such as unsanitary areas, bacteria and diseases (Byrne & Yanich, 1982). The primary reason why imprisonment is not effective is because of recidivism. Recidivism is when an individual relapses back to committing crime. Nearly 60% of offenders who are released from...
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...means that the juveniles are held in the adult prison. This causes problems for the juveniles, the state, and the prison. This could be prevented by finding a replacement for the juvenile cases held in adult court. One specific replacement the juvenile cases is rehabilitation. This gives the juveniles a second chance upon their return to the world. Child psychologist Leland Yee said, “Children have a greater capacity for rehabilitation than adults.” In Missouri, juvenile offenders were sent to a community based facility rather that being sent to adult court. This resulted in the decrease of their return offenders, with recidivism rates shrinking to a mere 8%. This brings benefits to the state. David Gottesman said, “Research shows lower recidivism rates will save the state money in the long run.”...
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...that are difficult to successfully integrate into society. This column reviews three article that take an in depth look at what can cause this scenery to play out for youth and what some of the solutions may be to the problem. The first article examines the connection that has recently been discovered between level of functioning and the recidivism risk for offenders based on that. The second article takes a look into gang life and how the use of drugs within gangs plays a vital role in the ability of youth to successfully integrate into society. The third article reviews the developmental aspect of juvenile delinquency and how serious juvenile offenders are often overlooked in many studies dealing with mental health social disorders. Level of Functioning and Recidivism Shepherd, J. B., Green, K. R., Omobien, E. O., (2009). Level of functioning and recidivism risk among adolescent offenders. Adolescence. 40, 23-32. In this article the author’s main focus is that there should be more attention paid to the level of functioning in adolescent offenders. The idea that delinquent’s affective intervention can take place without properly taking into account these children’s problematic domain is irresponsible. If the proper diagnosis is given to these youth then the appropriate treatment can better be administered which would reduce recidivism and better helps these delinquents. In this study the Level of Functioning...
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...These rebellions occurred in ten different prisons which are located in eight different states: Alagoas, Amazonas, Paraíba, Paraná, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Rio Grande do Norte and Roraima. Brazil, today, is the second leading country to have the most arrests in the past fifteen years, and has the fourth largest prison population in the world (Welle). Overcrowding and recurrent committing of crimes are the two contributing factors to these rebellions. One of the biggest problems with the Brazilian prisons is that they are extremely overcrowded which is one of the main causes of these rebellions. Being the fourth largest prison population in the world, Brazil has 622,000 inmates, however, the total number of cell spots is 371,000 (Barrucho and Barros). This over-crowding in prisons is a consequence of the mismanagement, both public and private, and the high level of recidivism of crimes. Moreover, recidivism is the result of precarious health and lack of support from society. Most people who commit the same crime multiple times are those who are poor, homeless, etc. They may do so because they are not being supported by society or even their own families. The Brazilian prison system suffers from poor management, both on the public management and private management levels. There is a lack of planning, organizing and control on the part of those who are responsible for maintaining the prison. These people should observe the prisons and come up with different statistics as to why...
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...Juvenile Drug Court Program Garret July 11, 2015 Due to the influx of juvenile drug offenses, it became clear that juvenile drug offenders required a more stable, directed and protected process if decrease of offenses was going to be successful for offenders, and the idea of the drug court was a good one. The drug court utilizes an idea called wrap-around services, which had previously been so successful with reducing the recidivism of adults. This study of the JDC in Lexington, Kentucky was undertaken to examine the outcomes of the implementation of the adaptations of the wrap-around procedures and services to see if the new model was succeeding. These adaptations stemmed from an in depth theoretical perspective application to basically understand why children do what they do with hopes of applying these theories to the JDC. Without attempting to answer the question of why children act the way they do, the question that the study hoped to answer was could a web of conventional social norms be woven to help prevent the behaviors (social interaction theory) or provide a base of norms, which children can choose to conform to (social control theory). These conventional social norms that were applied to the JDC were based on the comprehensive wrap-around service idea of criminal activity reduction. Overall, JDCs have been created countrywide since offenses for drug abuse have risen while other offenses for juveniles have either leveled out or decreased over the past ten...
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...Kutner Reducing Recidivism in today’s Society Final Project: Persuasive Research Paper Reducing Recidivism in today’s Society Education and job skills are key elements to reducing recidivism therefore; prisons, county jails, and the probation offices should adopt mandatory programs so ex-offenders can become productive members of society. Every year approximately 9 million people are released from prison in the U.S. (Center, T. N.-e., 2012) and due to lack of education and job skills, 52% of those 9 million returns within three years. According to Yamatani & Spjeldnes (2011), “The United States represents only 5 percent of the world’s population, but we hold 25 percent of the world's inmates in our prisons and jails (Pew Center on the States, 2008). We have more people behind bars in total numbers and per capita than any other industrialized country--2.3 million out of nearly 300 million (750 per 100,000 residents)--one out of 100 U.S.” This essay will show the difference between recidivism and rehabilitation as well as showing how education and job training can effectively reduce the rate of recidivism in the U.S. What is recidivism you ask? The Merriam-Webster defines recidivism as a tendency to relapse into a previous condition or mode of behavior (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2012). Recidivism comes into play because people who have limited education and no job skills tend...
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...Monitoring Program (SOTMP), was developed to reduce recidivism rates of sex offenders, as well as re-enter sex offenders back into the community. The program has been in place for over ten years (D'Orazio, D. M., Thornton, D., & Beech, A. R., 2013). As described by Beech et al. the program is meant to be a “relapse prevention oriented cognitive-behavioral treatment program”, (Beech et al., 2013). This means that the program is meant to reduce relapse among sex offenders by adopting the program to the specific needs of that particular offender. The STOMP program uses therapeutic treatments as one of the forms to help sex offenders from reoffending. There are several problems...
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