...Cell Phone Price Negotiation Diana Smith MGT 557 February 4, 2013 James Scurlock Cell Phone Price Negotiation When in negotiation, many things come into play with how the negotiation will end. Many factors can play into how each party will work together to come to an outcome. Studying the opponent may give insight to how the negotiation process will play itself out. Not only is the bargain range important to both parties but also each party should look at the other party’s gender differences, personality, culture, perception, cognition, and emotion. In discussing the gender differences between the two parties of American and Chinese, it is important to recognize that in most situations negotiations are not one gender against another. In this situation; however, the Americans are an all-male negotiation team and the Chinese team is all-female. Given the American team is individualistic in its action; persons on the team will assist in the decision-making process. This gender also tends to be more goal-oriented, task-driven and less relationship-oriented. The Chinese team, on the other hand, consists of only females and has a gender more relationship-oriented. Collectivism, like the Chinese team will form a cohesive group and the person holding a supervisory role will make the decisions. Members of this team will look for approval from the leaders of the team. Also the difference in gender in the two teams will focus on the concept that men will see a beginning...
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...Cell Phone Negotiations MGT 557 April 8, 2013 Cell Phone Negotiations In today’s society, cell phones have become and necessitate and also have become a billion dollar business. Distributors of cell phones look for maximum profit by buying from manufactures’ at the cheapest price. Not only does price matter in negotiations, but considerations for individual differences such as cultural differences must occur for the outcome of a negotiation to be successful. In today’s economy, it is not uncommon for companies to go overseas for cheaper manufactures’ cost to increase profits. However, American companies who wish to compete internally in manufacturing products face the high labor costs in the United States compared to foreign countries. In this paper, the author will discuss a negotiation between a Chinese and an American negotiation team over cell phone cost per unit and possible influences that go into the negotiations such as gender difference, personality, culture and perception, cognition, and emotion. Summary of Cell Phone Negotiation The negotiation involves two teams, the all-American negotiating team from the United States and...
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...Cell Phone Negotiations Teri Ashworth MGT 557 August 24, 2015 Prof. Kelly Price Noble Cell Phone Negotiations Negotiation is a daily process that most individuals and organizations participate in either covertly or overtly. Consequently, during the negotiation process, there are many factors that can determine the negotiation strategies and tactics used in the process. Gender difference, personality, culture, perception, cognition, and emotion are all huge influencers of negotiation. Take the following scenario for instance; there is an all-male negotiating team from the United States that seeks a cell phone price of $6 per unit. Assume the American team embodies the following Hofstede’s cultural dimensions: •Individualistic (negotiators from individualistic cultures may be more likely to swap negotiators. Getting the best deal for self is important.) •Low-power distance (cultures with low power distance are more likely to spread the decision making throughout the organization (utilization of vertical decision making). Options by other members of the organization/team are welcomed and it is possible to question a leader’s decision) •Short-term orientation (building and marinating relationship is only valued during the negotiation process. Once negotiations conclude, so does the relationship. ) •Low-context (XXXX) While on the other hand, there is an all-female negotiating team from China that offers cell phones with...
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...Cell Phone Negotiations Shyretta Christopher University of Phoenix MGT/557 Negotiations, Power & Politics Dr. George R. Monk January 19, 2015 Cell Phone Negotiations In the world, cell phones have turned out to be the jump for the device. It is a demand and by way of that, it has converted into a money business. It can carry on making money as a spreading skill on the cell phones. Value is significant but has the accepting how to labor with dealers with not the same cultural backgrounds, gender, and personalities are equally important. In this paper, it will explain how this all comes together for a negotiation between the Chinese (female) and Americans (male). The American team seeks a cell phone price of $6 per unit and symbolizes the following Hofstede’s cultural dimensions: individualistic, low-power distance, low-term orientation and low-context. The American team wants an inexpensive price. The other team is an all-female negotiating team from China that offers cell phones with a $9 per unit price tag. The Chinese team wants a merchant for their cell phones which permits them to make proceeds. The Chinese side symbolizes the following Hofstede’s cultural dimensions collectivistic, high-power distance, long-term orientation and high context. Gender difference, personalities and culture has an influence on the negotiation. Also, it will give details on how each side’s perceptions, cognitions, and emotions also played a part in the negotiation. Chinese...
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...Personality in Negotiation: Cyber-Bulling Paper Name MGT/445 Organizational Negotiations University of Phoenix Date Instructor Communication and Personality in Negotiation: Cyber-Bulling Paper Bullying has been a part of student’s life since the beginning of time and has evolved with each passing generation unfortunately. When I was student in grade school bullying consisted of spreading rumors, not allowing certain people in your cliques, teasing, getting groups of people to attack a student, threats and hitting. Since this type of bullying was done in person it was more visual and adults were able to intervene in most cases. With the introduction of the internet bullying has escalated to a whole new level. Now students are able to Cyber bully other students and being limitless while doing so. Cyber-Bullying “is defined as an individual or group willingly using information and communication involving electronic technologies to facilitate deliberate and repeated harassment or threat to another individual or group by sending or posting cruel text and/or graphics using technological means” (Mason 2008). Cyber-Bullying has been slowly creeping its way into our children lives. Cyber-Bullying has become a regrettable part of school for students across the world. It can go unseen by adults, unreported by the students/victims and sadly unresolved. Nowadays, bullies are able to prey on their victims via social networking websites, blogs, cell phones, email and instant...
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...Conflict, decision making, and organizational design At Anthem, conflict negotiation is pretty much taught as the rule not the exception. We’re trained to deal with conflict and negotiation strategies to help ourselves get out of the conflict. It’s part of the job and expected that customers are not always going to be happy with Anthem and as such are going to want something in return for their frustrations. We often get customers calling in, most of the time due to their own fault with frustrations over not understanding their coverage, going to non participation providers, or health services not covered. This is when the ball is in our court and we pretty much get to decide if we want to help the customer, but some are more persistent than others in the fact that they want to get more than they technically deserve. There are also customers who have had problems due to someone in our organization not doing something right and they deserve a speedy resolution. Negotiation strategies differ on both of these. If it was due to their negligence, we are taught to offer sympathy and education as far as what the customer can do to avoid issues. If a customer is persistent about wanting something back we’ll take it on a case by case basis and check out their payment history and see if they’ve had credits before. If so we’re less likely to offer anything, but we’ll normally start with a promotion instead of credit to see if the customer would like something off in the future...
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...Communication and Personality in Negotiations Paper Negotiations are an important part of life and people do more negotiating than they realize. Negotiations are not always about large elaborate issues. Negotiations can be about topics such as who will cook and who will clean up. They could be about where the family will go to eat dinner or what movie they will go see. Negotiations take place on grander scales too. In the business world, negotiations could be multimillion-dollar deals being negotiated or small issues like what type of new copier to purchase. Simply, negotiations are a part of everyday life realized or not. Negotiating is comprised of many elements. Communication is obviously an important element of negotiating. Without some form of communication, it would be impossible to complete a negotiation. Communication is “an activity that occurs between two people: a sender and a receiver” (Lewicki, Saunders, & Barry, 2006, p. 163). Many forms of communication are involved in negotiations. Types of communication include verbal communication where two parties actually speak to each other, either in person or over an electronic device, such as a telephone. There are nonverbal forms of communication, such as facial expressions, hand gestures, and body language, used during face-to-face communication. In addition, there are nonverbal types of communication that are used in electronic communication, known as emoticons and are a way for the person writing the e-mail, blog, or...
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...social networking websites, have become a worldwide social phenomenon. Do the stressors in our complicated lives or busy schedules leave us with little time to make a phone call or drop by for a visit? Do such technological advances in our society discourage face to face communication? Are individuals today feeling the pressures more than ever to fit in with their peers? Perhaps low self esteem issues, anxiety, or loneliness contribute to the need to feel loved or popular, such as chatting to a stranger on a dating website, or adding as many “friends” as you can on face book even though you don’t really know them. Or maybe these types of communication really have become a convenient and efficient way of communicating? In this paper I will examine the possible explanations for such a huge reliance on electronic communication, the potential advantages and disadvantages of such communication; including the effects of this communication on behaviour and relationships, as well as how electronic communication compares to face to face communication. The global cellular phone market is a multibillion dollar industry, where approximately half of all human beings on the planet own and use a cell phone (Reid, & Red, 2007). Choosing to text rather than talk is clearly a significant decision point when using a cell phone to connect with another person. Which method of contact is chosen will depend on the expectations and goals of the user, and the way these...
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...mid-1990s, Congress made several changes to statutes related to processing acquisition of government contracts. Before these congressional amendments sealed bidding was the standard. In most cases sealed bidding is the preferred method for construction , so if the Seahawk helicopters and Cobra aircrafts are being purchased for that type of business it would be a better option. Negotiated Contracting These amendments gave federal contracting officers more opportunities to award contracts through the newer process competitive negotiation. The process begins when the CO issues a Request for Proposals. The RFP must, include the agency’s need, the terms and conditions of the contract and any other subfactors that the agency when awarding contracts. The CO typically evaluates offeror’s price proposal, past performance on government contracts and the offeror’s technical approach. FAR 15.305. The CO can award a negotiated contract without any further negotiations through discussions. If CO conducts discussions they must identify the offerors that fall within the competitive range. This...
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...Communication and Personality in Negotiation Paper MGT/445 Facilitator: John Lombardi University of Phoenix Chicago Loop Campus May 14, 2012 Communication and Negotiation Paper This paper describes the possibility of cyber bulling and the negotiations that parents need to use in order to help protect and educate the own children in internet usage. This will also analyze that role of communitarian and personalities in negotiation and how they contributed or detracted from the negotiations. This will also help you have a better understanding of how the young people you are negotiating with communicate, and what personality best fits each of these individuals and will better prepare you as parent to produce a mutually successful long-term negotiation with a lasting and successful outcome. Parents can use negotiations as a tool to protect and educate their own children and other young people on their own usage on the internet and how they provide a safe environment for all users. Parents and teachers use negotiation strategies daily to protect children from the internet content that is not appropriate for all ages of children to view on the internet. Parents need to find the best way to negotiation with their children on the possible torment, threats, harassment, humiliation, and embarrassment that targets many children when they are using the internet, interactive and digital technologies or mobile phones. All of this is known as cyber bullying. Communication...
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...PERSONALITY IN NEGOTIATIONS Negotiations are part of our everyday lives whether we know it or not. A great example is a teenager trying to convince the parents to let him/her use the family car. In that scenario the teenager will have to make great arguments on why that privilege should be granted and in turn the parents might reply with their concerns. In the following paper I will describe one of my negotiations that resulted in the purchase of a used car. The roles of communication and personality in the negotiation will also be analyzed and how they contributed or detracted from the negotiation. COMMUNICATION AND NEGOTIATIONS Prior to diving into my negotiation scenario I would like to stress the importance and the role of communication in a negotiation. “Effective Communication is directly proportional to an effective negotiation (Management Study Guide, 2012).” A negotiation is basically a discussion between two parties in an effort to reach an option or alternative that is feasible for both sides. In turn, an effective discussion is a direct yield of communication. Communication is imperative so that the other person will understand and grasp your thoughts and ideas and be able to make sense of your arguments. It is important to transfer one’s thoughts into a speech by choosing appropriate and selective words that are relevant to the subject being discussed and that will of course exclude fowl words at all times. Communicating in negotiations requires...
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...Executive Summary This Marketing Plan Audit provides an analysis of the brand situation, current strategies and provides suggestions and implementation plan for Nokia Corporation. Nokia is a Finish manufacturer of mobile devices, which makes a full range of cellular phones for all major consumer segments worldwide, including Internet-enabled devices enable people to experience music, maps, media, messaging and games. Company has over 132,000 employees in 120 countries, sales in more than 150 countries and global annual revenue of over 60 billion dollars and operating profit of 2.86 billion dollars as of 2010. Nokia is the world's largest manufacturer of mobile phones: its global device market share was 31% in the fourth quarter 2010, but dropped below 30% in the first quarter 2011. In June 2011, Nokia was overtaken by Apple, as the world's biggest smartphone maker by volume. For many years Nokia enjoyed an overwhelming domination on the market of personal mobile devices. The company managed to build the strong brand, easily recognizable style of it’s devices and consumer favorite. Due to serious mistakes in product and distribution strategy, as well as growing competition from companies like Apple, Samsung ,Motorola and others, Nokia started to experience serious problems with its sales, market share and consumer loyalty. Presented Audit defines Nokia’ current issue with the Brand positioning, that caused the diminishing of the brand popularity and lowered competitive...
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...Negotiation is a dialogue between two or more people or parties intended to reach a beneficial outcome. This beneficial outcome can be for all of the parties involved, or just for one or some of them, in situations in which a good outcome for one/some, excludes the possibility of a desired result for the other/others. It is aimed to resolve points of difference, to gain advantage for an individual or collective, or to craft outcomes to satisfy various interests. It is often conducted by putting forward a position and making small concessions to achieve an agreement. The degree to which the negotiating parties trust each other to implement the negotiated solution is a major factor in determining whether negotiations are successful. Negotiation is not a zero-sum game; if there is no compromise, the negotiations have failed. When negotiations are at an impasse it is essential that both the parties acknowledge the difficulties, and agree to work towards a solution at a later date. Negotiation can take a wide variety of forms, from a trained negotiator acting on behalf of a particular organization or position in a formal setting, to an informal negotiation between friends. Negotiation can be contrasted with mediation, where a neutral third party listens to each side's arguments and attempts to help craft an agreement between the parties.[1] It can also be compared with arbitration, which resembles a legal proceeding. In arbitration, both sides make an argument as to the merits...
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...The Negotiation Checklist Negotiation and deal making has been practiced for generations and most everybody engages in it daily from the boss at work to their spouse/partner to the garage sale down the street. A successful negotiator is a person that is well prepared, uses effective communication and sets clear goals to achieve. Regarding the factors that are critical to successful and effective negotiation per the checklist is setting clear objectives for what needs to be achieved and resolved. Just like many other things in life establishing clear goals helps to understand what you need, where you want to be and what the desired outcome is. Without knowing what you want to accomplish and what you would like the desired outcome to be, negotiation is obscure and unclear. Although setting goals and objectives for a negotiation checklist is an obvious consideration, it nevertheless, is extremely critical to understand what you’re trying to accomplish in a negotiation and is the foundation in which everything else follows. Another very important factor that goes hand in hand with establishing objectives for negotiating is what the issues are that needs to be resolved. Knowing what you’re trying to accomplish and what specific issues need resolved is crucial to effective negotiating. Again, knowing exactly what needs negotiated and resolved is an obvious answer, however, it is very important to have specific issues addressed. This will help to eliminate any misunderstandings...
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...of the study: 1. To develop a general understanding and situation under negotiation; 2. To develop a thorough understanding of the interests of both side and their relation to the negotiations; 3. To undertake adequate preparation to realize these interests and resolve the problematic situation. Introduction: In simplest terms, negotiation is a discussion between two or more disputants who are trying to work out a solution to their problem. This interpersonal or inter-group process can occur at a personal level, as well as at a corporate or international (diplomatic) level. Negotiations typically take place because the parties wish to create something new that neither could do on his or her own, or to resolve a problem or dispute between them. The parties acknowledge that there is some conflict of interest between them and think they can use some form of influence to get a better deal, rather than simply taking what the other side will voluntarily give them. They prefer to search for agreement rather than fight openly, give in, or break off contact. Here I have drawn a negotiation module where I have discussed my performance and contributions and that of my negotiating team to the negotiation process. Negotiating role-plays of the different members of my negotiating team: Here I have described a lot about effective negotiation and problem solving. I am an Operating Officer of a cell phone case manufacturer. So I am intimately familiar with all the inn’s and out’s...
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