...AMA Computer Learning Center St. Augustine School of Nursing A Case Study Presented to the faculty of AMA Computer Learning Center Guagua, Pampanga Cerebrovascular Accident Submitted to: Mr. John Eric T. Salvador B.S.N, R.N Submitted by: Almario, Jeanette Cayanan. Gemmalyn Joy Quitaleg, Mary Jane Santos, Cariza Joy M. 3k-PN October ‘09 Table of Content Page Introduction 1 Personal History 2 Lifestyle and Diet 3 Complete Physical Assessment 4-9 Neurological Assessment 10-11 Laboratory Procedure 12-13 Diagnostic Procedure 14 Anatomy and Physiology 15-17 Pathophysiology of Cerebrovascular Accident 18-19 Drug Study 20-21 Diet and Activity 23 SOAPIE (actual) 24 SOAPIE (potential) 25 Conclusion 26 Recommendations 27 Bibliography 28 NCP (actual/ potential ) 29-33 Introduction A stroke is damage to part of the brain when its blood supply is suddenly reduced or stopped. A stroke may also be called a cerebral vascular accident, or CVA. The part of the brain deprived of blood dies and can no longer function. Blood is prevented from reaching brain tissue when a blood vessel leading to the brain becomes blocked (ischemic) or bursts (hemorrhagic). The symptoms of a stroke differ, depending on the part of the brain affected and the extent of the damage. Symptoms following a stroke come on suddenly...
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...What is Stroke? Also called CVA, or Cerebrovascular Accident, the stroke is a very interesting medical phenomenon. With more than 800,000 people experiencing new or reoccurring strokes each year (stroke.org), it is hard to just brush this off as another case that doesn’t need to be looked at. Stroke works much like a water hose with a knot in it, in the sense that the water will stop flowing while the knot is present. Strokes happen when blood flow has been restricted from the brain, causing the brain cells that were present in that area to die off. This often results in the victim losing control of one side of the body depending on which side of the brain was attacked, loss of basic motor and communication skills, quick or slow behavioral...
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...Cerebrovascular Accident A stroke or cerebrovascular accident happens when oxygen is blocked from a certain part of the brain, depriving it of needed nutrients in order to function properly. This can occur from a clot or bleeding in the brain. Symptoms include “sudden weakness, numbness of the face or extremities, trouble speaking or understanding, and trouble seeing” (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2014). If any of the symptoms are noticed, it is important that immediate care is provided and the person goes to the hospital as soon as possible. Once the person is in the hospital, a doctor will diagnose and treat the CVA. Complementary and alternative medicine may be suggested, prognosis will be explained when the severity of...
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...A cerebrovascular accident is also known as a stroke. It is a medical emergency in which the patient must be treated immediately to minimize damage and complications. A cerebrovascular accident is the sudden death of some brain cells caused by lack of or reduced oxygen when blockage or a ruptured artery impair the blood flow to the brain. There are three types of strokes; ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and the temporary ischemic attack (TIA), also known as a mini-stroke. The signs and symptoms of a cerebrovascular accident can include: a very severe headache with vomiting and dizziness; weakness; paralysis of one side of the body with partial or complete loss of voluntary movement or sensation; problems with speech such as slurring,...
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...Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Definition Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is the medical terminology for a stroke. Stroke occurs when blood flow to a part of your brain is stopped either by a blockage or the rupture of a blood vessel. Types There are two main types of cerebrovascular accident, or stroke. Both types of stroke deprive part of the brain of blood and oxygen, causing brain cells to die. These include: Ischemic stroke Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke and is caused by a blockage of the blood vessels supplying the brain. There are 2 types of ischemic stroke: A thrombotic stroke is caused by a blood clot (thrombus) forming in one of the arteries of the head or neck, which severely reduces the blood flow. The thrombus may be a result of a build-up of fatty deposits (plaques) in the blood vessels. ...
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...Stokes also known as cerebrovascular accidents are the third leading cause of death in the United States and the leading cause of disability (Huether & McCane, 2012, p.389). Over 75% of stokes occurs in individuals 65 and older. The mildest form of stoke can be so minimal that it is almost unnoticed, however in serve form it can leave the individual with hemiplegia, coma, and even death. There are two main types of stroke: ischemia strokes and hemorrhagic strokes. Ischemia stroke occurs when there is a blockage of an artery and hemorrhagic stroke are strokes that is caused by bleeding. Over 87% of stokes are ischemic (John Hopkins, n.d.) During an ischemic stroke even the brain cells and tissue dies due to lack of oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic stroke can be further divided into two groups including thrombotic strokes and embolic strokes. In a thrombotic stroke a blood clot of thrombus develops in the...
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...NURS3003 WIKI Stoke (Cerebrovascular Accident) Initial Treatment: Initial treatment of a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is very time critical, this is as getting treatment in the first few hours can help prevent permanent disability and death (Kim 2017, p. 38). Upon presentation the patient should be examined, focusing on perfusion by assessing airways, breathing and circulation with continuing assessments to ensure oxygenation of the cells and vital organs of the body (Kim 2017, p. 43). While diagnosing the patient the airway and use of oxygen should be applied to prevent hypoxia that can occur due to obstructions and lack of oxygen intake (Kim 2017, p. 43). Additionally, the patient should be ordered isotonic fluids to maintain fluid volume levels in the body, this is due to hypervolemia being a common factor in stroke; during this stage the health care team will be conducting diagnostic assessments to confirm stroke as the diagnosis and to determine the location and severity (Kim 2017, pp. 44-5). Once a stroke is confirmed the physician is able to determine the best treatment regime dependant on the type, location and severity of the stroke; often treated through medication or thrombectomy procedures (Kim 2017, p. 44)....
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...REVISION DE BIBLIOGRAFIA TEMA: AVC HEMORRAGICO 1.-Factores de riesgo en patología vascular encefálica hemorrágica A los factores de riesgo los podemos dividir en modificables o no. El principal factor de riesgo y que es modificable, es la hipertensión arterialya por ser desconocida, por no realizar tratamiento adecuado o por adhesiones irregulares al tratamientos y controles médicos De los ACV hemorrágicos internados en la Cátedra de Neurología mas del 87% eran hipertensos Otros factores modificables son: * Diabetes, especialmente la tratada en forma ireregular y discontinua * Obesidad * Dislipidemias * Tabaquismo * Stress * Sedentarismo Factores no modificables: * Edad * Sexo * Constitución * Antecedentes familiares * Raza 2.- Etiología y fisiopatología de la hemorragia intracraneal Mas del 85% de los ACV hemorrágicos y 45% de los isquemicos están vinculados de algún modo con la hipertensión arterial, la cual produce serios daños en la pared arterial ( arterioesclerosis) que aparece engrosada, con dilataciones segmentarias especialmente en el territorio de la arteria silviana y muy especialmente en las tálamo-estriadas Al aumentar la rigidez las arterias se tornan tortuosas y se presentan placas duras y blandas, que a la vez se pueden complicar con obstrucciones o migraciones de elementos provenientes de su ulceración, generando embolias ha distancia Las rupturas, que siempre obedecen a lesiones...
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...Businesses have to make sure that they protect the employees and the general public from the health and safety risks. The many risks that a business can be effected with are: * Fire risks * Accident risk * Stress * Injuries These effect a business, because they have to make sure that every risks is thoroughly checked and that it is satisfactory of the law. These risks can be all identified in different places in a business. As these risks are dangerous to the employee, the employer or the general public these risks can take place anytime and in anyplace. Like the following if the risks are implemented then there can be different affects of the risk: Fire: The cause of fire can be dangerous. This type of risk can happen anywhere and cause many injuries and lots of damages. The employer and the employees have to make sure that they are able to identify fires, and that they know what to do if a fire happens. Accidents: Accidents can happen anywhere. The main places that accidents could happen are when there chemicals being used, when machinery is being used. Businesses have to try and prevent any health hazards at the work place. They have to make sure that the business is able to trade without there being any accidents or injuries to there employees or the general public. The way in which a business can prevent these hazards and risks is by having health and safety policies. Health and safety policies would ...
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...DQ2-2 School aged Children are increasingly exposed to many hazards that cause accident and injury. The most common causes of injuries in this age group are car crashes, bicycle crashes, and fires. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) expands this list to include the following. 1.Motor vehicle (CDC 2012) 2.Suffocation (CDC 2012) 3.Drowning (CDC 2012) 4.Poisoning (CDC 2012) 5.Fire/Burns (CDC 2012) 6.Falls (CDC 2012) 7.Sports and recreation risks. (CDC 2012) Injuries are the leading cause of death and disability for children in the United States (CDC). Injuries are not always preventable regardless of their nature. A common sense approach can lead to a reduction in injuries. Driving safely including the proper use of seatbelts or car seats, removal of plastic bags from young children, teaching swimming and supervision when in water, removal of house hold toxins, fire safety, and use of bicycle helmets are taught in school to kids (HHS). The CDC calls for efforts to reduce injuries by focusing on what term the 3 P’s; education, enforcement, and engineering. Education is used by the schools to teach children basic safety. New parents are often taught the proper way to use child restraint seats in the car. Locally, in my area the state police have no fault safety checks in which your car seat and the use of it can be examined for proper fit. These clinics are conducted in a big box retailer’s parking lot so that all a parent needs to do is drive up. If fault...
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...unsafe acts happened and how to prevent recurrence. Was there a hazard analysis of the task/job that the worker was doing? Was the worker properly trained? Were proper procedures in place? Was the workstation and equipment properly designed for the task/job? Was the worker given the proper tools to perform the task/job safely? For example, the video referred to the box cutter as a “finger cutter” but they did not mention that other, safer, tools may be available for the task – they could replace the box cutter with a self-retracting utility knife that retracts as soon as there is a change in pressure, this would prevent recurrence of cuts and be a proper tool for the job. Also, the video focused on the fact that 85-98% of all accidents are whole or part by employees but does not state what percentage is whole and what is part. The contributing factors are very important in preventing recurrence in injuries and the video seems to down play this important factor. This video also reminded me of behavior based safety programs which turns the hierarchy of hazard control measures upside down and attention focused on dealing with the worker instead of the hazardous job conditions. In my opinion, blaming the employee will not prevent injuries from happening again but identifying the hazard and developing controls both before an injury occurs and after is a better way to prevent injuries. However, if a worker blatantly disregards all training, procedures and tools in place...
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...Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Abstract As aircrafts become more reliable over the years, humans have progressively become more of a causal factor in aviation accidents. Thus, being able to analyze an accident from a human factor perspective is of paramount importance. However, a proper framework of accident analysis is necessary to address the complex and often nebulous nature of human error. The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Maintenance Extension (HFACS-ME) is one such framework that serves as an accident investigation and data analysis tool. This article will analyze how HFACS-ME is used from an applied perspective and demonstrate its utility using case studies. Human Factors Analysis and Classification System Maintenance Extension The Human Factors Analysis & Classification System (HFACS) was originally developed to analyze and classify human errors and other factors contributing to aviation incidents. HFACS combines features from Heinrich’s “Domino Theory” and Edward’s “SHEL Model” as well as Reason’s model to uncover factors that contribute to accidents (Schmidt, J. Lawson, D., n.d.). The Maintenance Extension of HFACS termed HFACE-ME was created to address aviation maintenance related incidents and facilitates the recognition of defective or absent defenses at four levels namely, Unsafe: Management Conditions, Maintainer Conditions, Working Conditions, and Maintainer...
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...To: William “Bill” Hayes, Athletic Director From: Ronnisha Wilson, Head White Team Cheerleading Coach Date: February 17, 2010 Subject: Cheerleading Practice Facility and Injury Assessment Solution Proposal I am writing to propose that a cheerleading specific facility be built and an athletic trainer be hired specifically for cheerleading. The cheerleading program at WSSU rarely has a safe place to practice and there is rarely an athletic trainer present at the practices. About 95% of our athletes’ injuries have occurred with no athletic trainer present. If another sport has practice during our scheduled practice time, our athletes have to practice in the lobby or outdoors. Cheerleading has become more and more dangerous over the years. It is a contact sport with gymnastics put into stunts and pyramids, and requires tossing athletes into the air. Cheerleading is the cause of catastrophic injuries among high school and college athletes. Being a year round sport adds to the danger of the sport; putting extra demands on the body due to no resting period. Injuries are going to happen, but there are measures the university must take to minimize the amount and severity of injuries from every sport. Many safety guidelines have been suggested by the NCAA, Sports Digest, ACCAA and many others. Some suggestions include: * Cheerleaders should have a medical exam before being allowed to practice. * Cheerleaders should be trained by qualified coaches with safety certifications...
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...Contents Accident investigation 2, 3 Who will conduct accident investigation? 4 The importance of accident investigation. 4, 5 How to investigate? 6 Methods to document the accident scene. 8 Determining Root causes 9 The Accident Report 11 Accident prevention 13 Accident investigation. An unplanned, unwanted, but controllable event which disrupts the work process and causes injury to people. Most everyone would agree that an accident is unplanned and unwanted. The idea that an accident is controllable might be a new concept. An accident stops the normal course of events and causes property damage or personal injury, minor or serious, and occasionally results in a fatality. Who will conduct accident investigation? Management ...
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...2012 at Copiapo, Chile. The miners went through starvation, having to tolerate the high temperatures of heat, and be in the dark for several days. The owners of the mine failed and have avoided and abandoned what needed to be done to maintain a safe and rescue plan. The rescue team made several holes around the mine as they started drilling; Mr. Urzua motivated the other thirty two miners not to give up. Fortunately, tears from family members of the miners of happiness knowing all the miners trapped were rescued alive. Nobody is prepared when accidents like this occur until it actually happens. What is the owner going to tell the families? What is the owner going to tell his employees? In this paper I will discuss the consideration to remember given the different roles and people in the audience. One of the most important things to remember is to know how to relay the message to the survivor that was affected in this accident as well as the families. It is recommended not to go to the media and make any declarations. The person giving the statement needs to consider when a message is conveyed to the families of the employees due to different roles and the audience. The message can be misunderstood, incomplete or lost and leave the audience without a full understanding of your statement. Therefore the media must be prepared and know how the family members will react to what they are saying about the collapse. Must comprehend...
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