...Knowledge Management Introduction This is a study seeking to explore knowledge management extensively, particularly the possible challenges that an employer may face when knowledge-based changes are made. Further, ways of addressing the difficulties are also discussed in depth. The paper illuminates on the entire concept of knowledge management using an employment context of International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), an organization that aims at alleviating rural poverty as well as improving nutrition. Knowledge is the new imperative strategy that many organisations are using to enhance growth and development. Knowledge is power, but most people think it is an advantage to keep it to oneself. This is an attitude most employees hold, with the idea that if they remain to be the only people with knowledge in regard to a particular aspect of the organisation, they will continue being an asset and forever remain relevant. The new paradigm in organisations that enhances growth is sharing of knowledge. Research shows that structures that have built a culture of sharing information among staff and management are more competitive and grow stronger. Knowledge management is entirely based on knowledge sharing (McInerney, et al., 2011, p. 23). Knowledge management involves planning, organizing, motivating and influencing employees, systems in the organization and other processes to improve knowledge-related assets and employ them effectively. Knowledge-related assets could...
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...Knowledge Management and Information Systems Strategy Table of Contents Knowledge Management and Information Systems Strategy 1 Executive Summary: 3 Three distinctive characteristics of Toyota approach to knowledge management 3 Learn local: 3 Act global, Learn local: 3 Learn local, act global: 4 British Petroleum (BP’s) approach to KM: 4 Business objectives of British Petroleum to KMS: 4 Developing better ideas: 4 Organization wide best practice: 4 Greater collaboration among entities: 5 Generating new ways: 5 Reduces cost: 5 Challenges of KMS implementation in BP: 5 Transferring best practice: 5 Train modest performing teams: 6 Management tools to avoid failure of KMS in BP: 6 Build a Case for Change Management: 6 Visionary Leadership: 6 Communication: 6 Time: 7 Deploy agents: 7 Proper performance measures: 7 Culture changes: 7 Social media in reconsidering the previous KM approach: 7 Socialization: from tacit to tacit: 7 Externalization: from tacit to explicit 8 Combination: from explicit to explicit 8 Internalization: from explicit to tacit 8 Conclusion: 8 References: 8 Executive Summary: Knowledge management is a multi-disciplined process of creation, developing, improving and disseminating the knowledge in the organization (Unc.edu, 2014). Toyota is one of the largest car manufacturing companies around the world. It produces car not only in its originated country but also different countries around the world. To be competent, Toyota puts much...
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...Journal of Knowledge Management Practice, December 2002 Socialising Knowledge Management: The Influence of The Opinion Leader Cheng MingYu, Multimedia University, Malaysia ABSTRACT: This paper looks at knowledge management and the importance of knowledge management in today’s organisations. Even though knowledge management has gained its popularity recently due to the drastic changes in business ecology, there is still confusion on how to implement the knowledge management strategy successfully. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate and suggest possible ways to communicate the concept of knowledge management more effectively so that the knowledge management concept could be implemented more successfully. The communication of knowledge management concept is done through knowledge management socialisation process and it is suggested that the socialisation process be carried out by the so called “opinion leader” who is presumably to be a more knowledgeable person and be able to influence others in changing their perception and behaviour. Introduction Today organisations are fundamentally different as compared to organisations existed in one or two decades ago in terms of their functions, structures and style of management. The new organisations put more premium on understanding, adapting and managing changes and competing on the basis of capturing and utilising knowledge to better serve their customers, improve the operations or to speed their products to markets...
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...Coping with Continuous Change in the Business Environment CHANDOS KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SERIES Series Editor: Melinda Taylor (email: melindataylor@chandospublishing.com) Chandos’ new series of books are aimed at all those individuals interested in knowledge management. They have been specially commissioned to provide the reader with an authoritative view of current thinking. If you would like a full listing of current and forthcoming titles, please visit our web site www.chandospublishing.com or contact Hannah Grace-Williams on email info@chandospublishing.com or telephone number +44 (0) 1993 848726. New authors: we are always pleased to receive ideas for new titles; if you would like to write a book for Chandos, please contact Dr Glyn Jones on email gjones@chandospublishing.com or telephone number +44 (0) 1993 848726. Bulk orders: some organisations buy a number of copies of our books. If you are interested in doing this, we would be pleased to discuss a discount. Please contact Hannah Grace-Williams on email info@chandospublishing.com or telephone number +44 (0) 1993 848726. Coping with Continuous Change in the Business Environment Knowledge management and knowledge management technology ANTONIE BOTHA DERRICK KOURIE AND RETHA SNYMAN Chandos Publishing Oxford · England Chandos Publishing (Oxford) Limited TBAC Business Centre Avenue 4 Station Lane Witney Oxford OX28 4BN UK Tel: +44 (0) 1993 848726 Fax: +44 (0) 1865 884448 Email:...
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...Research Paper: Knowledge Management and Organizational Performance By James Smith This is a custom research paper writing on Knowledge Management and Organizational Performance A feature of the modern era therefore is the extent to which change is seen as being ubiquitous. This notion of change pervades both the realm of the popular as well as more analytical texts. Clearly the reasons for societal changes are complex but according to Lash and Urry (1987) they can broadly be explained by the liberalization of global capital and the information technology revolution. Lash and Urry (1987) characterize these changes as heralding the emergence of a new form of capitalism, that of disorganized capitalism, while other writers consider the contemporary period to amount to a rupture with modernity itself. Any change in society should also impact upon the way in which knowledge is distributed and organized within that given society. For a successful company however it is of course not sufficient to respond to changes in the environment; rather it is desirable to anticipate those changes and to adapt before anyone else. This is a source of competitive advantage for an organization. Thus change needs to be a continual process which takes place iteratively rather than as discrete events. The capacity to change in this way involves the whole organization and requires an understanding of how organizations can learn to adapt continually. More particularly it requires the organization...
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...Three business students on the usefulness of innovation management and new product development in an essay format. The topic of the essay is “what skills should a business graduate acquire about innovation management in order to advance their career development and employability”. "We live in a society where technology is a very important force in business, in our daily lives. And all technology starts as a spark in someone's brain. An idea of something that didn't exist before, that once they have invented it —brought it into existence — could change everything. And that activity is generally one that's not very well supported." - Nathan Myhrvold, CEO, Intellectual Ventures From a 2010 interview with Harvard Business Review Introduction In the development of new businesses today, initiatives that spur knowledge-based competitions amplify the importance of boundary spanning activities and tactical coalitions, which cause organizations to focus more on institutional knowledge, system improvement and knowledge management (Quah, 2001). This essay will help the level 3 business school students to understand the required skills about innovation management to to advance their career development and employability. An innovation is something that is new. You are required to write a piece of advice to a group of Level Three business students on the usefulness of innovation management and new product development in an essay format. The topic...
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...Records Management Journal Records management myopia: a case study Stewart Hase Julian Galt Article information: Downloaded by Universiti Teknologi MARA At 06:47 09 July 2016 (PT) To cite this document: Stewart Hase Julian Galt, (2011),"Records management myopia: a case study", Records Management Journal, Vol. 21 Iss 1 pp. 36 - 45 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09565691111125099 Downloaded on: 09 July 2016, At: 06:47 (PT) References: this document contains references to 36 other documents. To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 3432 times since 2011* Users who downloaded this article also downloaded: (2014),"The impact of information culture on information/records management: A case study of a municipality in Belgium", Records Management Journal, Vol. 24 Iss 1 pp. 5-21 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ RMJ-04-2013-0007 (2012),"The contribution of records management to good governance", The TQM Journal, Vol. 24 Iss 2 pp. 123-141 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17542731211215071 (2010),"What will be the next records management orthodoxy?", Records Management Journal, Vol. 20 Iss 3 pp. 252-264 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09565691011095283 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by emerald-srm:484904 [] For Authors If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose...
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...Transformational Change Characteristics of Tranformational Change - Radical changes in how members behave at work. • Change is triggered by environmental and internal disruptions (Industry discontinuities , Product life cycle shifts, and Internal company dynamics) • Change is aimed at competitive advantage (Uniqueness, Value, Difficult to imitate) • Change is sytemic and revolutionary - Reshaping organization's design elements • Change demands a new organizing paradigm (gamma change) • Change is driven by senior executives and line management (envisioning, energizing, and enabling) • Change involves significant learning - Must learn how to enact the new behaviors Intergrated Strategic Change - Extends traditional OD process into content oriented discipline of strategic management • Key Features: - Strategic Orientation - Stratic change capability - Individual and organizations are integrated into the process • Applications Stages (Strategic analysis, strategic choice, and design and implement the strategic change plan) Organization Design - Configures the organizations structure, work design, HR practice, and management to guide members' behavior • Conceptual Framework ( Strategy, Structure, Work Design, HR Practices, and Management / Information Systems) • Application Stages (Clarify design focus, designing the organization, and implementing the design Culture Change • Concept of Organization Culture (artifacts, norms, values, basic assumptions)...
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...supportive role. If it's the other way around, where HR gets the responsibility, it never works. Knowledge management (KM) "any practice or process of creating, acquiring, capturing, sharing and using knowledge, wherever it resides, to enhance learning and performance in organisations (Scarborough 1999). Knowledge management involves converting knowledge sources by classifying related information then circulating to make the information to take place. Not all information is knowledge or all knowledge is important. According to Blackler (1995), "knowledge is multifaceted and complex, implicit and explicit, physical and mental, verbal and encoded". He also categorises knowledge in four as: embedded (technological - collective), enculturel (Values, beliefs - collective), embodied (practical knowledge - individual), and embraced (theoretical understanding - individual). Contrast on Blackler, Nonaka (1991) proposes that knowledge could be either individual or collective, cannot be both. Yet another argument comes from Scarborough and Carter (2000). They believe that knowledge appears from the collective experience and it is shared by member of the group. Knowledge also is the key ingredient of products and services. Therefore the difference among the organisations totally depends on the level to which information can be obtained and converted into knowledge. When it is the subject of knowledge, people mainly consider...
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...ADKAR: Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement making the change An overview of Prosci's ADKAR Model Prosci's ADKAR® Model is one of the most widely-requested and sought after models for change management. It is a simple but extraordinarily powerful model to help drive successful change in one's personal or professional life. Many attendees of Prosci's 3-day certification program call it "ADKAR training" - even though the majority of the program focuses on the organizational change management process - because ADKAR is what they remember and begin applying immediately. The first tutorial in this series provided five reasonswhy ADKAR "clicks" for change management practitioners. The second tutorial provided an overview of the first two building blocks -Awareness and Desire. This tutorial presents an in-depth discussion of the last three building blocks - Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement. Introduction Prosci's ADKAR Model is an individual change management model. It outlines the five building blocks of successful change, whether that change occurs at home, in the community or at work. The name "ADKAR" is an acronym based on the five building blocks: * A Awareness of the need for change * D Desire to participate and support the change * K Knowledge on how to change * A Ability to implement required skills and behaviors * R Reinforcement to sustain the change The final three building blocks of Prosci's ADKAR Model are Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement...
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...individual change. While many change management projects focus on the steps necessary for organisational change, ADKAR emphasises that successful organisational change occurs only when each person is able to transition successfully. It makes sense then that this model, developed by Jeff Hiatt, CEO of Prosci Change Management, and first published in 2003, focuses on 5 actions and outcomes necessary for successful individual change, and therefore successful organisational change. The ADKAR model of change management Hiatt refers to each of these five actions as building blocks for successful individual change, and therefore successful organisational change. As the graphic indicates the process is sequential. In other words each step must be completed before moving on to the next. Hiatt emphasises that it is not possible to achieve success in one area unless the previous action has been addressed. The ADKAR model consists of five sequential steps or actions: 1. Awareness of the need for change. Understanding why change is necessary is the first key aspect of successful change. This step explains the reasoning and thought that underlies a required change. Planned communication is essential. When this step is successfully completed the individual (employee) will fully understand why change is necessary. 2. Desire to participate in and support the change. In this step the individual is able to reach a point where they make a personal decision to support the change and...
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... and share knowledge. Using technologies that are already developed or that will be deployed over the next five years, best practices in knowledge sharing not only are diffusing rapidly but will be substantially reinvented in all settings: educational institutions, corporations, government organizations, associations, and nonprofits. But institutions of learning are in a unique position to benefit from an added opportunity: providing leadership in e-knowledge. T A REVOLUTION IN Donald M. Norris is President, Strategic Initiatives, Inc. Jon Mason is Executive Consultant, education.au limited, and Assistant Director, Educational Technology Standards Australia. Robby Robson is President and Senior Partner, Eduworks Corporation, and chair of the IEEE Learning Technology Standards Committee. Paul Lefrere is Executive Director E-learning, Microsoft EMEA, and Professor of E-learning, University of Tampere, Finland. Geoff Collier is CFO and Senior Partner, Eduworks Corporation. KNOWLEDGE SHARING By Donald M. Norris, Jon Mason, Robby Robson, Paul Lefrere, and Geoff Collier 14 EDUCAUSE r eview September/October 2003 © 2003 Donald M. Norris, Jon Mason, Robby Robson, Paul Lefrere, and Geoff Collier Photo by Garry Landsman, © 2003 September/October 2003 EDUCAUSE r eview 15 E-knowledge finds expression in many shapes and forms in a profoundly networked world. It is not just a digitized collection of knowledge. E-knowledge consists of...
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...456-475 Incumbents Adaptation to Competence-Destroying Change: Role of Prior Experience and Knowledge Sourcing Mujtaba Ahsan Assistant Professor of Management Pittsburg State University Assistant Professor of Management State University of New York at Oneonta Mine Ozer Assistant Professor of Management California State University, East Bay For the past several decades, the topic of new technological developments has been of interest to strategy scholars (Ansoff and Stewart, 1967; Cooper and Schendel, 1976; Rosenbloom and Cusamano, 1987; Rothaermel, 2001a, 2001b; Tushman and Anderson, 1986). Scholars have repeatedly focused on this topic as innovation and new product development are critical for a firm’s survival and growth (Penrose, 1995) and have stated that one of the core competencies needed to develop new technologies is the ability to assimilate and recombine knowledge in unique combinations (Rosenkopf and Nerkar, 2001). Simply put, successful innovation and new product development require the ability to create and use new knowledge to offer novel products or services to customers. Research indicates that firms who possess prior experience are in a better position to innovate (Carroll et al., 1996; Henderson and Cockburn, 1994; Klepper and Simons 2000; Nerkar and Roberts, 2004). Prior studies have also highlighted the importance of knowledge and experience in enabling firms to successfully adapt to changes in technology (Bartel and Lichtenberg, 1987, 1991; Siegel...
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...1. Three distinctive approaches to knowledge management at Toyota The automobile industry is one that is very competitive, one method of increasing market share is by staying ahead of competition through exploitation of new knowledge to deliver more efficient processes or products (Chaston, 2004). Focusing on “ The Toyota Way” case study, three distinctive approaches have been discussed below; Metanational Company; . Toyota’s attitude of learning local and acting global describes the true meaning of being a metanational organization. Through this Toyota is able to understand local needs and wants and keep strong relationships with local suppliers to sustain competitive advantages. A Metanational describes firms that creates advantages on a worldwide scale instead of being limited to the “Home-Country” (Doz et al,1997).Such organizations understand the advantages of learning from different industries and keeping relationships with suppliers strong to sustain competitive advantage. The recession, the maturity of the Japanese industry and the opportunity in emergent markets has all contributed to the creation of Toyota as a metanational organization. The essence of this manifestation is its ability in accessing, melding, and leveraging distant capabilities and market knowledge Doz et al, 1997). Additionally Doz et al (1997) explain that in most companies important knowledge resides in the workplace; factory floors, within sales etc. Therefor by employing local talents to...
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...1. Introduction: The main aim of organizations is to achieve business goals through making decision. Hussain (2008) argued that organizations could derive important information through strategic information systems in order to educate them the process of making decisions. This report will critically evaluate the importance of how the information systems generate value in the organizations by introducing the nature of information system, defining the concept of information systems and the change that may happened. This report will also identify the solution of change and the strategies that used to generate value in the organization. The following will discuss more details. 2. Nature of information system: 2.1 Nature of information: Diagram 1: Source ( Stair and Reynolds ,2013) As the diagram 1 shows, the information is transformed from data which consists of raw facts and the knowledge is required to support a specific task in order to processed the data into useful information. However, it is of vital importance for organizations to identify and leverage quality information (Hussain, 2008). It is because valuable information not only can help decision makers achieve their goals, but also help people in their organizations perform tasks more efficiently and effectively . In terms of characteristics of quality information, Stair and Reynolds (2013) identified eleven characteristics of quality information: complete, timely, secure, accurate...
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