Chapter 8

• Islam’s main language is Arabic. • Muslim is part of the Islamic religion. • Muhammad is the prophet who started Islam. • The Shiites are the supporters of the Husayn’s. • The Koran is the holy book of Islam.
Chapter 12 • Many families (dynasties) have ruled China for long periods of time. • The last dynasty of China, the Qing Dynasty, was founded by the Manchu’s. • China and Japan both welcomed Western Europe with trade agreements. • Both countries were infiltrated and settled on by foreign powers. • Chinese Inventions: paper, gunpowder, compass, printing. • Chinese traded: opium, gunpowder, silk, paper. • The Forbidden City was the Imperial Complex in Beijing. • 1000 – 1200, Japan was a feudalistic nation. • 1100 – 1600, Japan was run by shoguns. • The Tokugawa policies were excusatory towards Europe • The shoguns were the leaders. Samurai are like soldiers. Chapter 13 • Hindu is India’s main religion. • A guru is an advisor or teacher. • Europeans first came to India in the 16th C. because they wanted trading posts. • Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos make up Southeast Asia. Chapter 14 • The historical founder of Mali was the magician, Sundjata. • Mali was an iron working civilization. • Caravan trade 700-1075 Africa. • Sahara b/t north and south Africas. • Griot is oral storyteller in Africa • Belgium has a Christian king. Chapter 25 • Britain controlled India. • An empire is a group of different countries ruled by one country. • Opium is a narc made by Brits and sold to China. • A condominium is a country ruled jointly by two other countries. • Ethiopia and Liberia were independent. • Meiji modernized Japan. • Matthew C. Perry forced trade in Japan. • 1875 – 1914 were the dates of the Age of Imperialism. • Britain controlled diamonds n gold in s.a. • British considered India its prized possession because it was good for resources. • Dutch in S.A. called Boers • Open door - National trading policy where citizens and products of foreign countries receive equal treatment with domestic citizens and products. Chapter 29 • Congress party – polit party in India • Mahatma Gandhi was a pacifist activist. • To nationalize is to bring an industry under government control. • Hindu n Muslims clashed • Britain controlled most of M.E. • Muhammad united Arabia. • Muslim is strict in M.E. • Ch’ing overthrown by Sun Yat-Sen. • Gandhi really wanted to help the poor. • 1930 China = Chiang • Passive resistance is nonviolent methods to a government, an occupying power, or specific laws, as refusing to comply, demonstrating in protest, or fasting. • Trek of 6,000 mi by Chinese Communists as a protest. Chapter 30 • Japs never got New Guinea. • Japan attacked pearl harbor. Chapter 33 • Vietnam in 1954 free. • Saudi Arabia = Islam. • Red Guards tried to reform society. • Gandhi led for freedom in India. • Great Leap Forward: Mao Zedong, to resolve China's economic problems by rural industrialization. • Gandhi fought of freedom in India. • Economy depended on import and outport. • Ho Chi Minh led Vietnam to freedom • Indira Gandhi was the prime minister of India from 1966-77. • Jawaharlal Nehru: President of Indian National Congress 1951 • Mao Tse-tung is a dictator. • Non-alignment: The anticolonial and anti-racist posture of mainly Third World countries who have sought a collective identity separate from the capitalist and socialist blocs in the northern hemisphere.