...Child Labour, unsolvable? The International Labour Organisation (ILO) defines “Child Labour” as “work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development”. It refers to work that is physically, morally and mentally dangerous for a child to engage in while also often depriving them of some of their basic human rights such as a right to an education. The types of work children are engaging in varies, from children working on a family farm or in the home to situations involving children working in hazardous environments such as manufacturing plants in Asia or mining and quarrying operations in Brazil and Colombia. However there is also a darker side to the child labour problem where many children are forced to engage in activities such as armed conflict, drug trafficking, prostitution and even slavery. It is important to note that child labour is not a thing of the past. It is still a huge problem worldwide. The ILO estimated that in the year 2000 there were as many as 246 million children worldwide engaged in some form of child labour with almost three quarters of these children engaged in the worst forms of child labour such as trafficking and prostitution. As of the year 2012 the worldwide figure has since fallen to approximately 168 million, a huge decrease in the number of children engaged in child labour. Most of these children live within the South East Asia and Pacific region where many children...
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...industrialized nations and thereupon imposed on the developing nations. This concept is paradoxical where in one hand it is liberating and on the other it is constraining. In this paper, globalization is defined as a set of institutional and ideological relations which brings nations into a global village, fusion of cultures, and advancement of geopolitics, internationalization, increased borderless society and global market economy (Robertson, 1992; Ritzer, 2004; Wallerstein, 1974/2000; Zetlin, 2001). This essay chronicles a heated debate between supporters of globalization and those who are skeptical about it as suggested by the question that globalization benefits small nations while in sharp contrast these small developing nations find it as beneficial to developed nations. A plethora of case studies will be drawn across the globe in assessing these two contrasting views and in the conclusion a judgement will be passed based on the evidence substantiated throughout the entire essay. The assertion that “while promoters of globalization proclaim that this model is the tide that will lift all boats, while citizens movements find that it is instead lifting only yachts” means that globalization is viewed, conceived and interpreted differently by the rich and the poor countries are very sceptical. Globalization is not different from other theories of development such as modernization and microeconomic structural adjustment adjustments (Jauch, 1996). Globalization benefits the rich nations...
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...MGMT1001 Communication in Business Assessment 1 Surname: Ciawiputri Given Name: Karina Dharma Student ID: 17119650 Email: k.ciawiputri@student.curtin.edu.au Unit Name: Communication in Business Unit Code: MGMT 1001 Assignment Title: Assessment 1: Critical Essay Tutor’s Name: Sean O’hara Tutorial Day and Time: Wednesday, 9AM Name of Company: Samsung Electronic Title: Samsung Electronic Social Performance Semester/ Campus Details: Trimester 2A 2015- Singapore Word Count: 1505 words Introduction Nowadays, doing business is not just a matter of earning profit as much as possible, but the entrepreneur should be able to do business in the right way, which is getting the expected profit along with fulfilling the society needs (Okpo 2013). Most organizations have realized and believe that it is important for the company to engage with the society since giving back to the society will create value for the business itself (Miluwi 2015). Having that in mind, according to Broomhill (2007), the organization should think that profit is beyond the objectives without doing business in ethical and socially responsible ways. The multinational corporation, Samsung Electronics is a division of Samsung Group that was established in 1969. Samsung Electronics aimed to enter the television and consumer electronic industry. At first, Samsung Electronics only produced black and white television and then they developed...
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...globalization seen the increase of migrants workers but has also increased the number of Multinational Companies (MNC) and many of them have moved production from their home country to less developing countries, for cheaper labour and looser regulations. The deregulation of working conditions, demographics and labour markets as well as cheaper labour will lead to companies moving their work away from the UK and damage the economy (Williams and Adam-Smith, 2010). As Moody (1997) states “It will increase pressure to cut costs in order for businesses to stay competitive...pressure on labour costs”. Globalization has caused an increase in the number of mergers and acquisitions and has in affect created and introduced more MNC, it has allowed companies to move labour and production to where labour is cheaper. Trade Unions’ have been at the forefront of the debate of whether globalization is a good thing. Due to MNC operating in numerous countries with many different policies and regulations it makes it a lot harder for trade unions to stand up for human rights and fight for employees’ interests. Trade Unions have adopted many strategies and put in place many practices to ensure that standards for labour across the globe can be measured. The introduction of the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the...
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...TERM PAPER Topic: - PEST analysis of Pakistan Submitted by Mohd. Asif ROLL NUMBER – AUD0637 BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION- 3C AMITY UNIVERSITY DUBAI CAMPUS MARCH 2013 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank Mrs.Priyanka Chandanani for her advice and guidance. I appreciate their effort of providing necessary information regarding the paper & also for their support in completing the paper. I would also like to express my gratitude towards my parents for their encouragement and support. Lastly, I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all those at Amity University Dubai who have willingly helped me out with their abilities. PEST Analysis of Pakistan Political If we observe the political situation of Pakistan, much of the politics is based on different ethnic groups. It’s fair to say that the current political situation of Pakistan is in dire need of substantial changes if we compare it to the political systems of leading nations in the world. Pakistan...
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...abolitionist and author of more than ten books, the most famous Uncle Tom's Cabin, which tells the story of life in slavery and that, first published in serial form of episodes from 1851 to 1852 in an abolitionist organ, The National Era, edited by Gamaliel Bailey (Stowe, 1852). Although Stowe had never set foot in the American South, published consequently A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin, a real job documenting the veracity of her account of the lives of slaves in the original novel (Stowe, 1852). Julius Lester born in 1939 in St Louis, Missouri. Julius Lester has published since 1968 no less than thirty-five pounds, twenty-five youth (Brace, Laura, 2004). His work has won numerous literary awards. He has also written over two hundred essays and reviews for various American magazines (Brace, Laura, 2004). After being a photographer, he became a professor at New York and the University of Massachusetts (Brace, Laura, 2004). Discussion Compare and contrast the historical accounts of “To Be A Slave” and the fictional accounts in “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”. Uncle Tom's Cabin The cabin of Uncle Tom (Uncle Tom's Cabin) is a novel by the author abolitionist American Harriet Beecher Stowe, which has a central theme of slavery. The work first published on March 20 of 1852 (Stowe, 1852). The story centers on the story of Uncle Tom, a slave African American who has suffered enough, the star around which other characters, both slaves and their owners, they move. The novel dramatizes...
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...PESTLE Analysis of the Mars Bar Political Nestle and Master Foods with its main brand the Mars bar (Nestle again – why are they here?) is receiving criticism for sourcing it chocolate from the West African countries like the Ivory Coast where the cocoa trade is being used to fund conflict to the tune of £60 million a year. The Ivory Coast provides some 40% of the world’s cocoa, since 2002 it has been torn apart by civil war. The allegations are that the profit from cocoa has been directly siphoned into government funds and used to finance their conflict with the rebels. In addition the rebels extorted money directly from the industry trying to transport the cocoa through its region. Gentle pressure is being applied on Mars to identify how much of its product contains cocoa from the Ivory Coast and strive to become free from “Conflict Cocoa”. (Independent News and Media Ltd 2007) Sustainability and fair trade with regard to cocoa has become a political “hot potato” with the manufacturers of the Mars bar being criticised for employing tactics that puts cocoa farmers into virtual slavery, forcing them to turn more of their land over to production of cocoa rather than traditional arable farming and then making entire communities reliant on the cocoa market. The power of the global conglomerate can then manipulate the price of cocoa, ultimately depriving the producer of a fair price for the raw ingredient. The close association of the Mars bar as a product of the United States...
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...Simon Commander is Managing Partner at the EBRD, IE Business School and Altura Advisers. Email: scommander@alturaadvisers.com Comments should be addressed by email to the author(s). 1 Thanks to Jeni Klugman for discussion and comments and to Ginette Azcona for help with data. Abstract The paper looks at the experience of advanced economies in dealing with employment volatility. It examines in detail the impact of labour market institutions on equilibrium unemployment and the p ossible le ssons f or e merging ma rket e conomies tr ying to d esign p olicy f or d ealing w ith unemployment and a wider, growing demand for social protection from their citizens. Part of the paper concentrates on t he t ransition e conomies whose i nstitutional c ontext m ay b e r elevant t o other emerging ma rkets. S ome leading principles in policy d esign a re elaborated th at take into account s ome o f t he co mmon f eatures o f em erging m arkets, n otably a p rotected p ublic s ector, large informal sectors and weak institutions. Keywords: employment, unemployment, labour market, emerging markets, social protection JEL Classifications: H53, J21, J65, J68 The H uman D evelopment R esearch P aper ( HDRP) S eries i s a m edium f or s haring recent research c ommissioned t o i nform t he g lobal H uman D evelopment R eport, w hich i s publ...
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...Introduction In this essay, I will be taking a look into the general growth and development experience of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay over the period of 1950 to present day. Using several dimensions of development, I hope to provide a glimpse into the development process that Uruguay has gone through in the above mentioned period. Description Uruguay is a South American country with a relatively small population of 3.3 million people, as of 2008, living in a land area of 176,000km2 (World Bank, 2009). However, they do possess a fairly good Gross National Income (GNI) per capita of US$8260, which is fairly high compared to the Latin America & Carribean average of US$6781 (World Bank, 2009). Throughout the last 60 years of its history, Uruguay has undergone much changes in terms of its social, economic and political scenes. Uruguay suffered many years of turmoil during the period of the 1950s and 1960s. Though at one point of time, the people living in Uruguay had the highest per capita income in the continent, that did not last and economic problems occured. In the 1970s, Uruguay suffered a military coup, in which the generals took power from the elected officials and thus began a period of military rule from 1973 to 1985. During the early years of military rule, the economy did recover from the economic downturn of the previous period. However, the Uruguayan economy began to worsen once again towards the end of this period. Because of this, the military was forced to...
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...Question 4: How do anthropologists interpret the relationship between Western and indigenous models of health and healing? Discuss with reference to at least two ethnographic examples. Matriculation number: 1002122 1 Introduction Different varieties of models of health and healing have come into an increasing degree of contact over the last 120 years, facilitated by broad economic and socio-cultural trends such as globalization and the construction of world views of healthcare standards and organization (Keane, 2010: 235-236. Whyte & Geest, 1988: 9-11). That is to say, that through the growth of the mass media and global markets in pharmaceuticals as well as the establishment of world health organizations and projects, such as WHO, models of health and healing (especially the Western model based in the clinical institutions of biomedicine) have been transmitted around the world. Localized concepts of health, and consequently, the cultures, societies and bodies of which those concepts are a vital part, are increasingly understood and shaped through their relationship with foreign models of health and healing. Indeed, Whyte & Geest (1988: 8) argue that Western and indigenous medicines ‘contextualise’ one another. The critical point, however, is that medical anthropologists have found that this relationship is not symmetrical. The interaction of Western and indigenous models of health and healing is structured by power relations of various sorts which ...
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...Brett Burt SWK-414 International Social Development Session 3 2010. APA Date submitted: 17th December 2010. via EASTS I, Brett Burt, have read and understood the Charles Sturt University Plagiarism Policy. I declare that this assignment is my own original work and represents my intellectual property. It does not contain the work of others without appropriate reference being made. Essay Question ‘Critically discuss the meaning of international social work and social development and demonstrate your understanding of the integrated perspectives approach by analysing and applying to an issue such as local level development, poverty, post conflict reconstructions, forced displacement.’ International social work seems to mean different things to different people in different communities, across the globe. Even the term ‘social work’ is often hard to pin down in the Western tradition. The first ‘constant’ seems to be the history of the development of social work in Britain after the Industrial Revolution and then across the western world predominantly in the United States. Second, social work as a profession arose as the result of the issues thrown up by the Industrial Revolution, such as mass movements away from rural based living, agricultural jobs reduced, with massive technological innovations commencing as far back as the development of the steam engine. Third, social work as a profession is united by its values which are social justice and a need to...
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...Mexico and the United States The rise of Mexico In this special report • • • • • • • • • From darkness, dawn »Señores, start your engines Bureaucrats and backhanders A glimmer of hope The gain before the pain Stretching the safety net The ebbing Mexican wave The other American dream The 31 banana republics Sources & acknowledgements Reprints America needs to look again at its increasingly important neighbour Nov 24th 2012 | from the print edition NEXT week the leaders of North America’s two most populous countries are due to meet for a neighbourly chat in Washington, DC. The re-elected Barack Obama and Mexico’s president-elect, Enrique Peña Nieto, have plenty to talk about: Mexico is changing in ways that will profoundly affect its big northern neighbour, and unless America rethinks its outdated picture of life across the border, both countries risk forgoing the benefits promised by Mexico’s rise. The White House does not spend much time looking south. During six hours of televised campaign debates this year, neither Mr Obama nor his vice-president mentioned Mexico directly. That is extraordinary. One in ten Mexican citizens lives in the United States. Include their American-born descendants and you have about 33m people (or around a tenth of America’s population). And Mexico itself is more than the bloody appendix of American imaginations. In terms of GDP it ranks just ahead of South Korea. In 2011 the Mexican economy grew faster...
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...poverty reduction Labour standards and poverty reduction May 2004 FOREWORD BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT One of the greatest moral and political challenges of our time is the ending of mass poverty. To ensure action on a global scale, and to assess progress, the international community has set itself ambitious targets for the reduction of poverty, embodied in the Millennium Development Goals and affirmed by governments worldwide at the UN Millennium Assembly in 2000. These have been adopted by major development agencies, and are supported by NGOs. They express the conviction that it is possible to improve substantially the living conditions and opportunities of the world’s poor over the coming decade. The MDGs can be achieved only if poor people themselves are involved in the decisions which affect their lives. They should therefore have the freedom to organise themselves in associations which promote their interests in the societies in which they live. They should not be subject to forced labour, or suffer from discrimination in the labour market. They should be able to maintain their livelihoods without having to make their children work rather than go to school. An essential part of poverty elimination is those human rights known as core labour standards: freedom of association and the right to free collective bargaining; elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour; effective abolition of child labour; and elimination of discrimination...
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...Multinationals and Their Impact on Labour Scene in India Multinationals and their impact on Labour Scene 28 October, 2012 Multinationals and their impact on Labour Scene Table of Contents 1. BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................... 2 2. PRE AND POST LIBERALIZATION ............................................................................................... 3 3. INDIAN LABOUR LAWS ............................................................................................................. 4 4. PRESENT SCENARIO OF LABOUR AND MNCs IN INDIA ........................................................... 8 5. PERCEPTION OF LABOUR ABOUT MNCs ................................................................................ 10 6. RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................................. 11 7. INTERVIEW WITH INDUSTRY EXPERTS ................................................................................... 13 8. BIBLOGRAPHY.......................................................................................................................... 15 MDI-PGPM-HRM-Term-II Page 1 Multinationals and their impact on Labour Scene BACKGROUND India was predominantly an agricultural economy till Independence in 1947. Even after Independence, the First Five-Year Plan (1951 —56) laid emphasis on agriculture. With the Second FiveYear...
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...Module Handbook ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Children in Society: Past and present ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- UTTGPT-30-1 Module leader: Sue Norman | 2014-2015 Aim of the handbook The handbook is a guide for students in the Department of Education. The information in the handbook can be found on Blackboard where links to data sources are included wherever possible. Please note that the electronic version of the handbook will be kept up to date and you will be notified of any significant changes. If you have taken a hard copy of any information please remember to refer back to the electronic version to ensure that you are working with the most up to date information. Contents Module team contact information p.2 Module specification p.2-5 Assignment brief p.6-9 Submission details p.10 Additional information (including programme) p.11-18 Communication p.19 Advice and support p.19 1) Module team contact information: Module Leader: Sue Norman – Room 3S405 – Sue.Norman@uwe.ac.uk 0117 328 4251 Module tutor: Mandy Lee – Room 3S406 – Mandy.Lee@uwe.ac.uk – Tel 0117 328 4279 Module tutor: Sarah Whitehouse- Room 2S407- Sarah.Whitehouse@uwe.ac.uk Tel 0117 328 4178 2) Module specific information MODULE SPECIFICATION ...
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